The Associations between income, informal social networks, and health among older adults in South Korea: A multi‐group analysis based on the level of age‐friendly environments

Sue‐Lynn Kim,Ju‐Hyun Kim,Kyong‐Hee Ju 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.3

The aim of the present study was to empirically investigate the role of age-friendly environments (AFE) on the associations between income, informal social networks, and health among South Korean older adults. We used data from the “2017 Age Integration Survey” collected nationally and ultimately analyzed 615 older adults over 50 years of age. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were used to test the hypothesis. Specifically, two groups of perceived levels of AFE (top 25%, bottom 25%) were compared in order to examine the moderating effects. The results indicated that poor income and scarce informal social networks each had a significantly adverse impact on health. However, the effect of income on health was no longer significant for older adults living in environments that were more age-friendly. In both groups, the presence of fewer informal social networks adversely impacted health, although the sizes of the effects decreased when the level of AFE perceived by older adults was improved. Finally, several implications of the study findings were discussed.

Problem Domain and Structural Abstractions in Reverse Engineering

박수희 同德女子大學校 1997 同大論叢 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 소프트웨어 역공학에서의 추상화를 위한 문제를 다루었다. 두 종류의 추상화 방법-문제 영역적과 구조적 방법-이 논의되어진다. 문제 영역 추상화는 프로그램이 쓰여지는 적용 분야에서의 개념과 일치하며 대개의 경우 프로그램 내에 직접 나타나지 않는다. 구조적 추상화는 불필오한 함수적 기술요소 제거하고 루프문의 역할에 대한 요약을 생성해냄으로써 원시코드의 기능에 대한 추상화 된 기술을 위해 사용된다. 문제 영역 추상화는 형식 코멘트언어를 사용하여 이 연구에 도입된다. 이 정보는 코드 내에 삽입되어 구조적 추상화를 사용함에 더욱 간략화 된 기능명세서의 생성을 가능하게 한다. 이 접근 방법은 여러 종류의 COBOL 프로그램에 적용되어 여러 차례의 실험 연구를 통해 원시코드로부터 유용한 추상화 명세서를 생성함이 확인되었다. 또한 이렇게 생성된 명세서가 복잡한 프로그램의 논리를 이해하는데 유지 보수의 관점에서도 도움이 됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 계속 추진 중에 있으며 계속 진화와 발전을 거듭할 것이다. 개발 중인 분석도구인 ASPECT(Abstract SPecifications ExtraCtion Tool)는 본 연구에서 제시한 접근 방법을 검증하고 그 복잡성과 전산학적 요구 사항을 식별하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.

誘導機의 直流制動特性 改善에 關한 考察

金秀植 군산대학교 1982 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.3

Recently it has been used stator voltage control for Induction motor drive using Thyristor. In order to obtain the force of braking a large that bring it rapidly to standstill, acceration and reducing speed for motor drive repeatly and high degree of efficiency in good condition. Although it has many advantages in every respect, we must be considered about variation of operating point, the Delay-time of Thyristor and differential torque between DC and rectification current. In this paper we should compare with the characteristics of stator voltage control that it contained component of foundmental wave and DC current, tried to research for improvement of Dynamic braking. We have obtained experimental following results. 1.We have obtained a large braking torque in region of lower speed by variation of various Firing angle and inclined toward positive-phase torque in region of high speed, it couldn't generated torque of braking at point of S≤O. 35 in spite of variation of Firing angle. 2.By means of increasing secondary resistor only, we couldn't obtain satisfactable result and couldn't improve characteristics of braking for motor driving. But it could be raised in efficiency by combination of Shunt Thyristor with secondary resistor in parallel we must be take care of the value of secondary resistor, because it has dissipated power in region of high speed. 3.It has been improved to Dynamic braking for motor driving in high degree of efficiency by means of proper value of Firing angle and Extinction angle.

인지도 조사에 의한 건국의대 의학과 교육목적 및 교육목표의 평가

박수경,김진국,김소정,김형수,이건세,장성훈 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

This study was conducted to survey the recognition and accuracy for educational goal and objectives of College of Medicine, Konkuk University on students and professors with using 18 items of questionnaire from May 15 through June 30, 2004. The recognition for educational goal of College of Medicine, Konkuk University in participating students and professors were 93-95%. And recognition for 3 objectives of College of Medicine, Konkuk University on participating students and professors were 84-87%, 95% respectively. However the accuracy for detail educational objectives using other college of medicine were 46-59% in first student survey, 44-67% in second student survey and 58-72% in professor survey. Therefore it is need to advertize 3 objectives to students and professors. And it is also necessary to refine the contents of educational objectives to more suggesting directions than broad goal of ideal.

북천지역 자연학습 체험단지 종합계획 및 분석

권수환,임원현 경주대학교 지역개발연구소 2007 地域開發論叢 Vol.- No.8

This study analyzes the diagram of final concept, in order to establish a master plan for preparing a natural learning and experimental area in Bukchun and its surroundings, Gyeongju. The results could be summarized as follows. The stream of Bockan is the origin of Hyungsan River and it originates in the mountains of Banwon at 800m's length around Ulsan, Gyeongnam. It joins the streams of Choongli and Meonggae, and flows into Hyungsan river, passing through Gyeongju city, Naenam myon, Chunbook myon and Gangdong myon. The length of the river is extended to 62.2 km and to 11,166.80 ㎢ in area. Hyungsan river contains an important water resource for water supply, industrial service water, and agricultural service water for Gyeongju and Pohang city, but unsuitable polluted influents of water supply are due to contaminated increasing materials. The polluted stream normally dries out because of the lack of several side-streams, as a result of insufficient water during the dry season. All of the streams that flow into the East sea also suffer from lack of water, as the slope of those riverbeds is very severe, and the river rapidly drains out into the bay of Young-il. Bukchun showed that the speed of a funning fluid is very fast on a period of flood, but very slow in a period of water shortage about 0.02 m/s. This study is to investigate the its preservation method and suwater supply with ecology preservation and natural practical area in Buckhun. Also, it studies the agricultural service, and preservation water supply of Gyeongju. It was also investigated based on the diagram of final concept and master plan with culture environmental and natural practical area in Buckhun region.

16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석에 의해 확인된 Acinetobacter spp. 가성요로감염 유행

김수연,김진용,강지혜,박신영,이희승,박윤수,서일혜,조용균 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.4

목적 : 본 연구는 일개 대학병원의 한 병동에서 16SrRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석을 통해 확인된 Acinetobacter spp. 가성요로감염 집단 발생에 대한 조사이다. 재료 및 방법 : 일개 대학병원의 일반병동에서 2005년 9월 23일부터 26일까지 5명의 환자에서 Bordetelta bronchiseptica 세균뇨가 동시에 분리되었다. 해당 환자들에 대한 입원 진료 기록을 확인하고, 이학적 검사를 시행하였고, 의료진 면담 등의 역학적 조사와 의심되는 전파원의 환경 감시배양을 시행하였다. 또한 다섯 균주들의 상동성 확인을 위해 pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)를 하였고, 정확한 균 동정을 위해 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석을 하였다. 결과 : VITEK system에 의해 B. bronchiseptica로 보고된 다섯 균주들은 거의 유사한 항생제 감수성을 가지고 있었다. 유행조사에서 요로감염의 증상이나 균혈증을 보인 환자는 없었고, 환경 감시배양에서 공통의 전파원은 증명되지 않았다. 또한 PFGE와 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열분석에서 상동성을 가진 동일 Acinetobacter spp.로 확인되어 이에 의한 가성요로감염의 유행으로 결론지었다. 결론 : 역학적 조사와 함께 PFGE와 16s rRNA 유전자염기서열 분석과 같은 분자생물학적인 조사를 시행하는 것은 희귀한 균에 의한 병원감염 유행조사에 도움이 될 것이다. Background : Acinetobacter spp. is increasingly implicated in hospital-acquired infections. We experienced a pseudooutbreak of Bordetella bronchiseptica bacteriuria identified with biochemical tests, that was later identified as Acinetobacter spp. by using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Materials and Methods : Five in-ward patients were found to have B. bronchiseptica bacteriuria without symptoms of urinary tract infection between September 23 and 26 of 2005. We conducted pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of the bacteria and epidemiological investigation of this pseudooutbreak. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was performed for the verification of the strains. Results : All 5 isolates were identified as B. bronchiseptica with similar antibiogram by VITEK system. There was no evidence of any symptom or sign of urinary tract infection. The source of this pseudooutbreak was not detected even after performing environmental culture and interviews with healthcare workers. We could not get the appropriate results from the first PFGE with XbaI restriction enzyme. B. bronchiseptica is an unusual organism in human so we conducted 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for verification. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence with 5 isolates demonstrated 99-100% similarity to a sequence of Acinetobacter spp. (AU1523). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we performed the second PFGE with SmaI restriction enzyme, which showed indistinguishable pattern among the all 5 isolates. Conclusion : This investigation suggests that the combined method of 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and PFGE would be helpful for investigation of outbreak caused by unusual organisms.

相變換에 의한 三相誘導電動機의 1/3, 2/3 速度制御에 관한 연구

金樹運 울산대학교 1983 연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

3상, 4극, 동기속도 1000rpm의 농형유도전동기가, 제3고조파 성분의 起磁力의 합성과 相變換에 의하여, 쉽게 1200, 600rpm의 동기속도로 변환될 수 있었다. 이 구동방법은 일반적인 3상농형유도전동기가 單相電源에 의해서 정격출력의 馬力수를 낼 수 있었다. 또한 권선형 유도전동기는 2차저항에 의하여 경부하에서 300~1,800rpm의 가변속도변화범위를 얻을 수 있었으며 극수변환법과 비교하여 여러 운전특성에 큰 장점을 갖고 있었다. The synchronous speed, 1800rpm, of the 3ø, 4pole, induction motor is easily converted to the 1200 and 600rpm by composition of the 3rd harmonic mmf(magnetomotive force)and phase conversion. This driving method makes it possible the 3ø, induction motor to be operated in the 1ø power source with the equivalent horse powers and rated phase currents. And the wound-rotor induction motor can be controlled to the variable wide speed ranges, 300~1,800rpm, by this operation, and have more advantages in some characteristics than conventional ople changing method.

Thyristor制御 誘導電動機의 運轉特性 改善에 關한 考察

金秀植 군산대학교 1982 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.1

In recently it has been used the Firing angle controlled Thyristor for induction motor driving, because the triggering circuit are consist of simplicity, low-priced and practical used. Although it has many advantage in every respect, we should be detected trouble for driving. So that in order to preventing against trouble and to be increased high degree of efficiency in good condition. In this paper we should be compared with the characteristics of Slip-torque by Firing-angle control and conduction-angle control, I tried to research for control method of conduction angle for motor driving. We have obtained experimental results are as follows: 1) It couldn't occurred region of impossibility to controlled Thyristor in case by the Firing angle control, because we should be controlled the conduction angle of Thyristor directly. 2) We could be preventing the rate of speed variation has increased and stabilizing region of speed has extensive than by the Firing angle control, the Mean torque has changed in proportion to variation angle, therefore the characteristics of Slip-torque has improved. 3) It couldn't be occured the failure of firing for Thyristor on unfavorable condition and there is no need to connected special circuit with triggering circuit and has increased high degree of efficiency in good condition for motor driving.

Briage형 位相調整回路의 特性에 對한 小考

金秀植 군산대학교 1977 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.11 No.2

1) Dealing with the general principle of phase shift circuit of bridge type, and getting the condition in order to keep the out-put voltage uniformly. I studied on the phase regulation region, phase variable ratio and the voltage gain. 2) And further I studied on the method how the phase regulation, when in noload, cause to adjust the scope of the phase regulation and the size of the voltage gain more easily than the Toulon circuit does so. in case the circuit element is picked up suitably and when in load, I studied on the method to keep the Amplitude uniformly.

位相一直列制御安定化電源의 運轉特性改善에 관한 硏究

金秀植 군산대학교 1987 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.2

In this paper we have described on the characteristics of phase-series cascade voltage regulator with both chief advantage of new switching method, high stability and so on. For the purpose of doing to be raise the high efficiency and make plans to carry out small size and high stabilization, we tried to research for improvement method of power loss reduction of series regulator. The transistor power loss could be reduced very wide operating region, if we have selected proper value of input voltage by means of phase controlled thyristor. In case, the collector-base voltage (Vcb) would be maintained with the rate of Zero at all times, the transistor voltage drop will be keep within bounds the minimum. On the other hand, we have suppressed voltage ripple with being the largest, as condenser capacity are increase sufficient vogue. Repeatedly Series regulator have suppressed voltage ripple, consequently, we could be improved to characteristics of phase-series regulator driving in good condition against troubles and unstable phenonmenon. Experimental results are as follows: 1. As compare with series regulator for characteristics, this circuit have improved with remarkable progress and factor of voltage stability to be getting elevated. For example, in proportion to the variation of input voltage (Eac) between 15(v) - 25(v), the factor of voltage stability values are decreased with 2.050E-07- 1.110E-07. 2. The experimental values of input-output characteristics are in accord with values nearly, under condition that output voltage Eo= 15(v), load current Ie=3(A). 3. In aspect the characteristics of firing phase angle wop and load currant of experimental value in accord with calculated value nearly, this relation are draw out the general equation of input voltage easily and it showed clearly that load condition are able to be controlled by means of phase controlled thyristor circuit. 4. The effect of power loss reduction have improved in good condition, according as input voltage grows larger and load are decreased.