기업혁신 특성유형과 자동차산업 사례

이송근,풍뢰 대구대학교 경제경영연구소 2006 경제경영연구 Vol.4 No.1

Technological change is the primary factors which influence the fate of organization. The enterprise which carry out the suitable technological innovation can survive in the market. There are two types of innovations. One is product innovation. The other is process innovation. Both product and process innovation are very important to the technological success of an enterprise. The first main purposes of this study is to expound the relationship between product innovation and process innovation. Secondly, the enterprises disposed to technological change divide into four types of organizations on the basis of the different innovation style. The four types are product innovation organization, process innovation organization, ambidextrous innovation organization and inertia organization. According to the different characteristics of the four types, we divides main motor vehicle enterprises in Korea, China and Japan into four type organizations: Honda Vehicle Corporation as product innovation central organization, Hyundai Vehicle Corporation and Shanghai Volkswagen Vehicle Corporation as process innovation central organization, Toyota Vehicle Corporation as ambidextrous innovation organization and Daewoo Vehicle Corporation as inertia organization. Then we can grasp each main vehicle corporation’s innovation style and technological strategy. Meanwhile the three country’s vehicle corporations' relative positions and competitive power orders can be comprehended. The result of this study is that ambidextrous innovation organization which perform well both radical innovation and process improvement is the most of a family competitive power, just like Toyota Vehicle Corporation. And the second competitive power organization is the product innovation central organization as Honda Vehicle Corporation, the third one is process innovation central organization as Hyundai Vehicle Corporation and Shanghai Volkswagen Vehicle Corporation. The last one is the inertia organization which is insensitive to changes or lives up to the successful formality of past. For example, Daewoo Vehicle Corporation fall under this category.

Melatonin Attenuates Noise Stress-induced Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder and Gastric Stress Ulcer: Role of Gastrointestinal Hormones and Oxidative Stress in Rats

( Lei Zhang ),( Ji T Gong ),( Hu Q Zhang ),( Quan H Song ),( Guang H Xu ),( Lei Cai ),( Xiao D Tang ),( Hai F Zhang ),( Fang E Liu ),( Zhan S Jia ),( Hong W Zhang ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims There are increasing evidences for gastrointestinal motility disorder (GIMD) and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The present study was to investigate the reversed effect of melatonin on GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress and potential mechanism. Methods Noise stress was induced on rats, and melatonin (15 mg/kg) was administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection. Differences were assessed in gastric residual rate (GRR), small intestine propulsion rate (SPR), Guth injury score, cortisol, gastrointestinal hormones (calcitonin-gene-related peptide and motilin) and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase and malondialde hyde) in blood plasma as well as gastric mucosa homogenate with or without melatonin. The pathological examination of gastric mucosa was also performed. Results The GRR and SPR were improved by noise stress compared with control (P < 0.05). The pathological examination and Guth injury score revealed gastric stress ulcer. Moreover, the levels of cortisol, motilin and malondialdehyde in blood plasma and malondialdehyde in gastric mucosa homogenate were increased by noise stress (P < 0.05). CGRP and superoxide dismutase activity in both of blood plasma and gastric mucosa homogenate were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). Furthermore, melatonin reversed changes in GRR, SPR, pathological examination, Guth injury score, cortisol, motilin, CGRP, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Conclusions Melatonin is effective in reversing the GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The underlying mechanism may be involved in oxidative stress and gastrointestinal hormones. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:189-199)

Combining Non-Contrast CT Signs With Onset-to-Imaging Time to Predict the Evolution of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Song Lei,Qiu Xiaoming,Zhang Cun,Zhou Hang,Guo Wenmin,Ye Yu,Wang Rujia,Xiong Hui,Zhang Ji,Tang Dongfang,Zou Liwei,Wang Longsheng,Yu Yongqiang,Guo Tingting 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.2

Objective: This study aimed to determine the predictive performance of non-contrast CT (NCCT) signs for hemorrhagic growth after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) when stratified by onset-to-imaging time (OIT). Materials and Methods: 1488 supratentorial ICH within 6 h of onset were consecutively recruited from six centers between January 2018 and August 2022. NCCT signs were classified according to density (hypodensities, swirl sign, black hole sign, blend sign, fluid level, and heterogeneous density) and shape (island sign, satellite sign, and irregular shape) features. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between NCCT signs and three types of hemorrhagic growth: hematoma expansion (HE), intraventricular hemorrhage growth (IVHG), and revised HE (RHE). The performance of the NCCT signs was evaluated using the positive predictive value (PPV) stratified by OIT. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that hypodensities were an independent predictor of HE (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] of 7.99 [4.87–13.40]), IVHG (3.64 [2.15–6.24]), and RHE (7.90 [4.93–12.90]). Similarly, OIT (for a 1-h increase) was an independent inverse predictor of HE (0.59 [0.52–0.66]), IVHG (0.72 [0.64–0.81]), and RHE (0.61 [0.54– 0.67]). Blend and island signs were independently associated with HE and RHE (10.60 [7.36–15.30] and 10.10 [7.10–14.60], respectively, for the blend sign and 2.75 [1.64–4.67] and 2.62 [1.60–4.30], respectively, for the island sign). Hypodensities demonstrated low PPVs of 0.41 (110/269) or lower for IVHG when stratified by OIT. When OIT was ≤ 2 h, the PPVs of hypodensities, blend sign, and island sign for RHE were 0.80 (215/269), 0.90 (142/157), and 0.83 (103/124), respectively. Conclusion: Hypodensities, blend sign, and island sign were the best NCCT predictors of RHE when OIT was ≤ 2 h. NCCT signs may assist in earlier recognition of the risk of hemorrhagic growth and guide early intervention to prevent neurological deterioration resulting from hemorrhagic growth.

The Heuristic Algorithm of Wavelet Image Denoising Based on Rough Set

Song Lan,Lei Lixia,Li Haisheng,Hong Wang 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.6

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to explore image denoising for patch based image process. The importance measurement model of Rough Entropy and the importance reduction method of wavelet coefficients are given. This paper combines the rough set theory with the denoising method of wavelet threshold, regarding the high-frequency information blocks in the transform domain as similar ones, and adopting importance Reduction Methods to contract the coefficients. The simulation results show that this method is effective.

The comparison of the performance characteristics of air heat source and water heat source

Lei Song(송뢰),Gwang-Soo Ko(고광수),Youn Cheol Park(박윤철) 한국태양에너지학회 2015 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.3

Modeling and Analyzing Per-flow Throughput in IEEE 802.11 Multi-hop Ad Hoc Networks

( Lei Lei ),( Xinru Zhao ),( Shengsuo Cai ),( Xiaoqin Song ),( Ting Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.10

In this paper, we focus on the per-flow throughput analysis of IEEE 802.11 multi-hop ad hoc networks. The importance of an accurate saturation throughput model lies in establishing the theoretical foundation for effective protocol performance improvements. We argue that the challenge in modeling the per-flow throughput in IEEE 802.11 multi-hop ad hoc networks lies in the analysis of the freezing process and probability of collisions. We first classify collisions occurring in the whole transmission process into instantaneous collisions and persistent collisions. Then we present a four-dimensional Markov chain model based on the notion of the fixed length channel slot to model the Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) algorithm performed by a tagged node. We further adopt a continuous time Markov model to analyze the freezing process. Through an iterative way, we derive the per-flow throughput of the network. Finally, we validate the accuracy of our model by comparing the analytical results with that obtained by simulations.

Experimental study on water exchange between crack and clay matrix

Song, Lei,Li, Jinhui,Garg, Ankit,Mei, Guoxiong Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.14 No.3

Cracks in soil provide significant preferential pathways for contaminant transport and rainfall infiltration. Water exchange between the soil matrix and crack is crucial to characterize the preferential flow, which is often quantitatively described by a water exchange ratio. The water exchange ratio is defined as the amount of water flowing from the crack into the clay matrix per unit time. Most of the previous studies on the water exchange ratio mainly focused on cracked sandy soils. The water exchange between cracks and clay matrix were rarely studied mainly due to two reasons: (1) Cracks open upon drying and close upon wetting. The deformable cracks lead to a dynamic change in the water exchange ratio. (2) The aperture of desiccation crack in clay is narrow (generally 0.5 mm to 5 mm) which is difficult to model in experiments. This study will investigate the water exchange between a deformable crack and the clay matrix using a newly developed experimental apparatus. An artificial crack with small aperture was first fabricated in clay without disturbing the clay matrix. Water content sensors and suction sensors were instrumented at different places of the cracked clay to monitor the water content and suction changes. Results showed that the water exchange ratio was relatively large at the initial stage and decreased with the increasing water content in clay matrix. The water exchange ratio increased with increasing crack apertures and approached the largest value when the clay was compacted at the water content to the optimal water content. The effective hydraulic conductivity of the crack-clay matrix interface was about one order of magnitude larger than that of saturated soil matrix.

Dynamic Instability Analysis of Axially Compressed Castellated Columns

Jin-song Lei,Boksun Kim,Long-yuan Li 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.2

This paper presents an analytical study on the dynamic instability of castellated columns subjected to axial excitation loading. By assuming the instability modes, the kinetic energy and strain energy of the columns and the loss of the potential of the axially applied load are evaluated, from which the mass matrix, stiffness matrix, and geometric stiffness matrix of the system are derived. These matrices are then used for deriving dynamic equations and carrying out the analysis of dynamic instability of castellated columns by using Bolotin’s method. The analytical expression for determining the critical excitation frequency of the columns is derived, which takes account for not only the shear influence of web openings but also the rotary inertia effect on the transverse vibration of the columns. Numerical examples are also provided for illustrating the dynamic instability behaviour of castellated columns when subjected to axial excitation loading. The results show that the consideration of the shear effect in castellated columns results in a shaft of the dynamic instability zone to low frequency side and a reduction of the width of the dynamic instability zone. The shear effect on the dynamic instability zone becomes more significant in the short column than in the long column, and in the wide flange column than in the narrow flange column.

시설원예용 열펌프시스템의 팽창밸브 변경에 따른 성능특성에 관한 연구

송뢰(Lei Song),고광수(Gwang Soo Ko),박윤철(Youn Cheol Park) 대한설비공학회 2015 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

전국(戰國)·진(秦)·한(漢) 시기 사법 변천 과정에서의 공간적 요소 - ‘풍속에 따른 통치’를 중심으로 한 고찰

쑹레이 ( Song Lei ) 중국사학회 2021 中國史硏究 Vol.- No.135

사법 활동은 시공간의 자원을 이용하여 그 목적을 달성하기 때문에, 반드시 지리 환경의 영향을 받아 뚜렷한 공간적 특징을 보인다. 전국시대와 진·한 왕조 시기는 왕국에서 제국으로 전환하는 중요한 시기였다. 진나라와 한나라 정부의 중앙 사법권은 관중 지역과 훗날의 중원지역을 중심으로 하여 주변 지역으로 확장되었고, 중심에서 가장자리로 갈수록 점점 약해지는 체증식 원형 구조를 보였다. 이는 사법 분야에서 오복 제도의 구현으로 확인된다. 제제(帝制) 중국 초기 서로 다른 지역의 경제와 문화는 커다란 차이를 보였다. 이때 특정 지역에서 사법상 '풍속에 따른 통치'를 허용한 것은 안정성의 유지와 아름답고 다양한 사법적 양상의 조성을 가능하게 하였다. Judicial activities need to use the resources in time and space to achieve their own purposes, so they will inevitably show obvious spatial characteristics under the influence of geographical environment. The Warring States Period, the Qin and Han Dynasties were an important period of transformation from the kingdom to the Empire. The central judicial power of the Qin and Han Dynasties government expanded to the surrounding areas with the Guanzhong(關中)region and the later Central Plains region as the core, showing a progressive circle structure that gradually weakened from the center to the edge, which can be regarded as the embodiment of the Wufu(五服) system in the judicial field. At the beginning of Imperial China, there were great differences in economy and culture between different regions. At this time, allowing specific regions to "rule according to custom" in judicature can not only maintain their own stability, but also build a beautiful and diverse judicial landscape.