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Effects of Phenytoin and Diazepam on the Seizure Activity in the Cortical Dysplasia Animal Models
Kim, Si-Hyung,Choi, In-Sun,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Park, Eun-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung,Choi, Byung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2
Dysplasia-associated seizure disorders are markedly resistant to pharmacological intervention. Relatively little research has been conducted studying the effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) on seizure activity in a rat model of dysplasia. We have used rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) in utero, an animal model featuring nodular heterotopia, to investigate the effects of AEDs in the dysplastic brain. Pilocarpine was used to induce acute seizure in MAM-exposed and age-matched vehicle-injucted control animals. Field potential recordings were used to monitor amplitude and numbers population spikes, and paired pulse inhibition in response to stimulation of commissural pathway. Two commonly used AEDs were tested: diazepam 5, 2.5mg/kg;phenytoin 40, 60mg/kg. Diazepam(DZP) and phenytoin(PHT) reduced the amplitude of population spike in control and MAM-exposed rats. However, the amplitude of population spike was nearly eliminated in control rats as compared to the MAM-exposed rats. Pharmaco-resistance was tested by measuring seizure latencies in awake rats after pilocarpine administration(320mg/kg, i.p.) with and without pretreatment with AEDs. Pre-treatment with PHT 60 mg prolonged seizure latency in control rats, but not in MAM-exposed animals. The main findings of this study are that acute seizures initiated in MAM-exposed rats are relatively resistant to standard AEDs assessed in vivo. These data suggest that animal model with cortical dysplasia can be used to screen the effects of potential AEDs.
류장진,장재길,이병규,정시정,김성진,김광종 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2
In tunnel construction work. major dust-generating activities are blasting rock, rock drilling and transport operations. The aim of this study was to find the characterisitic of particle size of dusts which were generated during road tunnel construction work using the New Austrian Tunneling Method(NATM). An 8-stage personal cascade impactor was used for particle size-selective sampling by area sampilng method. Paired samples for total(closed-face 37-mm cassette holder)and respirable(10 mm nylon cyclone) dust were taken to compare with the results of cascade impactor at the same location where cascade impactor samples were taken, The geometric mean of mass median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD) of dust is 3.9(GSD=4.3). This is quite similar to 50% cut size(4.0 ) for respirable mass fraction defined in the ACGIH TLV. The mass fraction of inhalable, thoracic, and respirable particulate defined at ACGIH TLV are 84.0%, 67.2% and 43.1%, respectively. The arithmetic mean ratio of inhalable particulate mass to respirable particulate mass is 2.04 for paired sample, 1.95 for cascade impamtor sample, which showed much lower than those of other construction tasks. We conclude that the dust generated during road tunnel excavation has about 50% respirable fraction in inhalable particulate mass.
관상동맥 내 빛간섭단층촬영술을 활용한 관상동맥 내 석회화 병변의 중재시술 후 경과 예측: 전향적 관찰 연구
장지홍,강시혁,조영석,신은석,서정원 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2021 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.27 No.1
Objective Imaging modalities such as intravascular ultrasonography or computed tomography or angiography have shown limitations in assessing coronary calcification. In this study, we investigated whether quantitative indices of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in calcified lesions are correlated with the late outcome of a coronary stent. Methods We consecutively enrolled patients who had more than grade 2 coronary calcification on fluoroscopy. OCT was performed at baseline, immediately after stenting, and at 9 months after stenting. We analyzed qualitative and quantitative characteristics of plaque, calcification, and stent-related indices. Results All images of 3-time points were available in a total of 10 patients. Calcified lesions were frequently associated with thin cap fibroatheroma (100%), plaque erosion (20%), or rupture (20%) before the procedure. Thrombus was found in 100% of cases in the OCT immediately after stenting. Maximal calcium area before stenting was strongly correlated with late luminal loss assessed by 9-month follow-up OCT (r= 0.766, P= 0.01). Conclusion Preprocedural OCT assessment on calcified coronary lesion may predict high-risk procedure and late stent outcome. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Jung, Jang Han,Lee, Hyun Jik,Lee, Hee Seung,Jo, Jung Hyun,Cho, In Rae,Chung, Moon Jae,Park, Jeong Youp,Park, Seung Woo,Song, Si Young,Bang, Seungmin Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.23 No.18
<P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To clarify the role of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACCRT) followed by surgical resection for localized or locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>We retrospectively reviewed 57 patients who underwent surgical resection with or without NACCRT for perihilar CCA; 12 patients received NACCRT and 45 patients did not received NACCRT. Patients with locally advanced perihilar CCA requiring NACCRT were defined as follows: (1) a mass involving unilateral branches of the portal vein or hepatic artery with insufficient volume of the anticipated remnant lobe; or (2) an infiltrating mass in the main portal vein that was too long for reconstruction, identified at preoperative staging.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>The median disease-free survival (DFS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 26.0 and 15.1 mo, respectively (<I>P</I> = 0.91). The median overall survival (OS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 32.9 and 27.1 mo, respectively (<I>P</I> = 0.26). The NACCRT group showed a downstaging tendency compared to the non-NACCRT group as compared with the tumor stage confirmed by histological examination after surgery and the tumor stage confirmed by imaging test at the time of diagnosis (<I>P</I> = 0.01).</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>NACCRT does not prolong DFS and OS in localized or locally advanced perihilar CCA. However, NACCRT may allow tumor downstaging and improve tumor resectability.</P>
Newborn English Bulldogs with Multiple Malformation Syndrome and Lethal Characters
Si-Jung Jang,Minkyung Kim,Hyeon-Jeong Lee,Young-Sung You,Jaehoon Lee,Sung-Lim Lee 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2019 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.34 No.3
A female English bulldog was gave birth two neonates by cesarean section on the sixty one days after mating, but both neonates were died soon after birth. The bodies of neonates were diagnosed using radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography and necropsy immediately after death. Both neonates had caudal regression syndrome, butterfly vertebra, hydrocephalus, umbilical hernia, cleft palate and bow-legged hind-limb. At necropsy, neonates had mild fetal anasarca, cleft lip and the skull was remained non-union. At thoracic cavity, only three ribs and thoracic spines were existed and patent ductus arteriosus was found. At abnormal cavity, the renal ectopia was found with abnormal morphology. In the present case, those English bulldog neonates with multiple congenital malformation syndromes seriously suffered vertebral column anomalies and that may induced by neural tube defects in during embryonic period. To prevent congenital malformation occurring in English bulldog, further in depth studies are needed for the breed specific genetic diversity and for the reason of behind genetic abnormality in these breed.
Hyun Jung Park,Han Geuk Suh,Jin Hoi Kim,Ae Ra Jang,Hyun Jung Jung,Sung Dae Lee,Woo Tae Ha,Ran Lee,Ji Hyuk Kim,Sang Ho Kim,Si Heung Sung,Sang Ho Moon,Bo Kyung Kim,Hyuk Song 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.5
This study was performed to establish an effective extraction method of pig placenta extract that could be used for a putative functional food supplement with immunomodulatory effects. In the present study, we used different temperatures (4, 37, 60, 80, and 100oC) and different solvents (chloroform, NaOH, and phosphate buffered saline [PBS]) to extract the pig placenta. Among the different placenta extracts yielded by the different extraction methods, placenta extract (PE) in PBS at 80oC for 30 min (referred to as PE-PBS80) showed a significant increase of nitric oxide production of up to 22.97 μM/105 cells at a 1 mg/mL dose (p
Park, Hyun-Jung,Suh, Han-Geuk,Kim, Jin-Hoi,Jang, Ae-Ra,Jung, Hyun-Jung,Lee, Sung-Dae,Ha, Woo-Tae,Lee, Ran,Kim, Ji-Hyuk,Kim, Sang-Ho,Sung, Si-Heung,Moon, Sang-Ho,Kim, Bo-Kyung,Song, Hyuk Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.5
This study was performed to establish an effective extraction method of pig placenta extract that could be used for a putative functional food supplement with immunomodulatory effects. In the present study, we used different temperatures (4, 37, 60, 80, and $100^{\circ}C$) and different solvents (chloroform, NaOH, and phosphate buffered saline [PBS]) to extract the pig placenta. Among the different placenta extracts yielded by the different extraction methods, placenta extract (PE) in PBS at $80^{\circ}C$ for 30 min (referred to as PE-PBS80) showed a significant increase of nitric oxide production of up to 22.97 ${\mu}M/10^5$ cells at a 1 mg/mL dose (p<0.05 ) in J774A.1 cells than other extracts and control tested. Using PE-PBS80, further animal challenges were performed to identify the immune-enhanced effects. As a result, orally administered PE-PBS80 showed a significant increase in blood T and B cell activities and immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM) production. IgG and IgM levels increased to 41.53 mg/mL at a 20 mg dose on day 7 and to 27.38 mg/mL at a 10 mg dose on day 14, respectively (p<0.05). Furthermore, PE-PBS80 was also able to significantly enhance the immune modulator cytokine levels (p<0.05) compared to the control and vehicle treatments. Among the evaluated cytokines, the tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) level increased to 28.89 pg/mL at extract doses of 20 and 50 mg, the interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) level increased to 21.52 pg/mL at extract doses of 10, 20, 50 and 75 mg and the interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ level increased to 18.24 pg/mL at extract doses of 10, 20, and 50 mg. Therefore, this study presents an effective method for extracting pig placenta extracts and also demonstrates that pig placenta extracts had significant immunomodulatory effects not only at the cellular level but also in a mouse model, suggesting that this material could be used as an excellent candidate functional food supplement.