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Sung Bae Hwang(황성배),Min Suk Chung(정민석),Yoon Ik Hwang(황윤익),Hyo Seok Park(박효석),Dong-Hwan Har(하동환),Dong Sun Shin(신동선),Byeong-Seok Shin(신병석),Jin Seo Park(박진서) 대한체질인류학회 2010 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.23 No.4
여성 골반의 절단면영상은 여성 비뇨생식계통의 실감나는 3차원영상을 만들 수 있는 가장 좋은 재료이다. 이 연구의 목적은 여성 골반의 고화질 절단면영상과 테두리영상을 마련해서 여성 비뇨생식계통의 가상해부, 가상수술을 위한 3차원영상을 만드는 데 도움 주는 것이다. 한국 여성 시신의 골반을 대상으로 자기공명영상과 컴퓨터단층사진을 찍었다. 이 골반을 포매한 다음에 수평방향으로 연속절단하였고(간격 0.1 ㎜), 각각의 절단면을 사진 찍어서 절단면영상을 만들었다. 절단면영상에서 보이는 73개 구조물(비뇨생식기관과 주변 구조물)의 테두리를 그려서 테두리영상을 만들었다. 절단면영상과 테두리영상으로 각 구조물의 3차원부피영상, 3차원표면영상을 만들었다. 여성 골반의 자기공명영상 222개(간격 1 ㎜), 컴퓨터단층사진 222개(간격 1 ㎜), 절단면영상 2,220개(화적소 크기 0.1×0.1×0.1㎣, 빛깔 개수 48 bits color), 그리고 테두리영상 222개(간격 1 ㎜)를 만들었으며, 이 영상은 서로 들어맞았다. 절단면영상과 테두리영상으로 만든 3차원영상은 실감나는 가상현실 프로그램을 만드는데 도움 될 것이고, 나아가 여성 골반의 해부학과 임상을 익히는 데 이바지할 것이다. The sectioned images (SIs) of the pelvis from a female cadaver are the best source of realistic threedimensional (3D) models of the female urogenital system. The purpose of this research is to present SIs and outlined images of the female pelvis with improved quality, which may be used to produce 3D models to simulate virtual dissection or surgery of the female urogenital and adjacent structures. A pelvis of Korean female cadaver which preserved buttock curve was scanned with 3T MR and CT machines. The pelvis was embedded and milled at 0.1 ㎜ intervals. All sectioned surfaces were photographed to create horizontal SIs. On the Photoshop, 73 structures were outlined in the SIs to create outlined images. Once the structures were outlined, volume and surface models of the structures could be produced. A total of 222 MRIs and 222 CTs of a female pelvis were obtained. 2,220 SIs of the pelvis were obtained (0.1 ×0.1×0.1㎣-sized voxels; 48 bits color). 222 outlined images of 73 structures were prepared at 1㎜ intervals. Once the structures were outlined, 3D volume and surface models of the structures were produced without the help of the computer programmers using MRIcro and Maya software. We have produced high quality SIs of the female pelvis accompanied by corresponding MRI and CT images. 3D volume and surface models of the female pelvic structures have been constructed. These computerized models may serve as the basis for future realistic medical simulation programs that may enhance clinical understanding of pelvic anatomy.
Curvature and Hand Comfort for Unimanual Operations
Sung Hee Ahn,Sanghyun Kwon,Yu Shin Lee,Myung Hwan Yun 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
To design handheld devices, physical comfort is one of the most crucial requirements. Recently, curved handheld touchscreens were released for enhancing comfort, but the effect has not been proved yet. Regarding user behavior with the device, it has been observed that 1/3 of user population of smartphone operate the device unimanully in a previous research. This study aimed to verify the effect of curvature on comfort when using handheld touchscreen devices. Comfort level was measured employing both the subjective rating and EMG methods. Three mock-ups of handheld touchscreen device with different curvatures were utilized. One was flat device and the others had curvatures of 400R and 100R. An experiment was conducted on tapping, typing and dragging tasks. The results indicated that curvature of the handheld touchscreen devices did not affect muscle activities, but subjective comfort level. Overall, this study suggests that there may be other design elements more important than curvature of handheld touchscreen determining comfort of touch screen use.
Recovery of Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Oily Sludge Landfilled Soil
Shin, Su-Yeon,Park, Sang-Min,Ko, Sung-Hwan,Jung, Hong-Bae,Baek, Kitae Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.5
Three types of experiments, based on the physical properties of oily sludge landfilled soil, were conducted to recover total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from the soil. These experiments included gravity separation, solvent extraction using water, and air floatation. The oil portion was not easily separated from the wet (raw) soil because water molecules aggregate the soil particles, despite the fact that the soil was sandy. However, the drying and grinding processes destroyed the aggregates, causing the TPH recovery to increase to approximately 60% when air floatation was used. The drying process decreased the specific gravity of the soil sample, thereby enhancing the overall recovery of TPH from the soil. Although thermal desorption and/or incineration are common choices for heavily dumped sites, physical separation can recover the oil portion instead of simply removing it.
Sang Baek Ryu,Eun Kyung Bae,Jinhyung Kim,Yong Sup Hwang,Changkyun Im,Jin Woo Chang,Hyung-Cheul Shin,Kyung Hwan Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.17 No.4
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been widely used as a treatment for the movement disturbances caused by Parkinson s disease (PD). Despite successful application of DBS, its mechanism of therapeutic effect is not clearly understood. Because PD results from the degeneration of dopamine neurons that affect the basal ganglia (BG) network, investigation of neuronal responses of BG neurons during STN DBS can provide informative insights for the understanding of the mechanism of therapeutic effect. However, it is difficult to observe neuronal activity during DBS because of large stimulation artifacts. Here, we report the observation of neuronal activities of the globus pallidus (GP) in normal and PD model rats during electrical stimulation of the STN. A custom artifact removal technique was devised to enable monitoring of neural activity during stimulation. We investigated how GP neurons responded to STN stimulation at various stimulation frequencies (10, 50, 90 and 130 Hz). It was observed that activities of GP neurons were modulated by stimulation frequency of the STN and significantly inhibited by high frequency stimulation above 50 Hz. These findings suggest that GP neuronal activity is effectively modulated by STN stimulation and strongly dependent on the frequency of stimulation.
Shin Hyunjae,Lee Ha Seok,Noh Ji Yun,고준영,Kim So-Young,Park Jeayeon,Chung Sung Won,Hur Moon Haeng,Park Min Kyung,Lee Yun Bin,Kim Yoon Jun,Yoon Jung-Hwan,Ko Jae-Hoon,Peck Kyong Ran,Song Joon Young,Shin E 대한면역학회 2023 Immune Network Vol.23 No.5
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination may non-specifically alter the host immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) titer and host immunity in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Consecutive 2,797 CHB patients who had serial HBsAg measurements during antiviral treatment were included in this study. Changes in the HBsAg levels after COVID-19 vaccination were analyzed. The dynamics of NK cells following COVID-19 vaccination were also examined using serial blood samples collected prospectively from 25 healthy volunteers. Vaccinated CHB patients (n=2,329) had significantly lower HBsAg levels 1–30 days post-vaccination compared to baseline (median, −21.4 IU/ml from baseline), but the levels reverted to baseline by 91–180 days (median, −3.8 IU/ml). The velocity of the HBsAg decline was transiently accelerated within 30 days after vaccination (median velocity: −0.06, −0.39, and −0.04 log10 IU/ml/year in pre-vaccination period, days 1–30, and days 31–90, respectively). In contrast, unvaccinated patients (n=468) had no change in HBsAg levels. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of NK cells expressing NKG2A, an NK inhibitory receptor, significantly decreased within 7 days after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine (median, −13.1% from baseline; p<0.001). The decrease in the frequency of NKG2A+ NK cells was observed in the CD56dimCD16+ NK cell population regardless of type of COVID-19 vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination leads to a rapid, transient decline in HBsAg titer and a decrease in the frequency of NKG2A+ NK cells.
PRKCSH contributes to TNFSF resistance by extending IGF1R half-life and activation in lung cancer
Shin Gu-Choul,Lee Hyeong Min,Kim Nayeon,Seo Sang-Uk,Kim Kwang Pyo,Kim Kyun-Hwan 생화학분자생물학회 2024 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.56 No.-
Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) resistance contributes to the development and progression of tumors and resistance to various cancer therapies. Tumor-intrinsic alterations involved in the adaptation to the TNFSF response remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (PRKCSH) abundance in lung cancers boosts oncogenic IGF1R activation, leading to TNFSF resistance. PRKCSH abundance is correlated with IGF1R upregulation in lung cancer tissues. Specifically, PRKCSH interacts with IGF1R and extends its half-life. The PRKCSH-IGF1R axis in tumor cells impairs caspase-8 activation, increases Mcl-1 expression, and inhibits caspase-9, leading to an imbalance between cell death and survival. PRKCSH deficiency augmented the antitumor effects of natural killer (NK) cells, representative TNFSF effector cells, in a tumor xenograft IL-2Rg-deficient NOD/SCID (NIG) mouse model. Our data suggest that PRKCSH plays a critical role in TNFSF resistance and may be a potential target to improve the efficacy of NK cell-based cancer therapy.
Curvature and Hand Comfort for Unimanual Operations
( Sung Hee Ahn ),( Sanghyun Kwon ),( Yu Shin Lee ),( Myung Hwan Yun ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
To design handheld devices, physical comfort is one of the most crucial requirements. Recently, curved handheld touchscreens were released for enhancing comfort, but the effect has not been proved yet. Regarding user behavior with the device, it has been observed that 1/3 of user population of smartphone operate the device unimanully in a previous research. This study aimed to verify the effect of curvature on comfort when using handheld touchscreen devices. Comfort level was measured employing both the subjective rating and EMG methods. Three mock-ups of handheld touchscreen device with different curvatures were utilized. One was flat device and the others had curvatures of 400R and 100R. An experiment was conducted on tapping, typing and dragging tasks. The results indicated that curvature of the handheld touchscreen devices did not affect muscle activities, but subjective comfort level. Overall, this study suggests that there may be other design elements more important than curvature of handheld touchscreen determining comfort of touch screen use.