詩經正變設考

金時俊 서울대학교 동아문화연구소 1979 東亞文化 Vol.16 No.-

It was written at the Mao Shi prefaces (毛詩序) that Shi Jing was divided into two groups; the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem. According to this, many scholars published various assertions on how to distinguish the Zheng Poem from the Bian Poem in Shi Jing. Conseguently, these assertions were classified into four sorts. 1) Classification by the chronological order according to the political rise and fall 2) Distinction between eulogy and satire 3) Distinction the Poem which was accompanied by music from the poem which was not accompanied by it, 4) Classification by the style of the poem My study on each assertion leads to the following conclusion: 1) Although those scholars who made the first assertion defined that Shi Jing was published by the chronological order and they distinguished the Zheng Poem from the Bian poem by the table of contents, it is proved that Shi Jing was not published by the chronological order. 2) Those scholars who made the second assertion concluded that Shi-Jing was distinguished between eulogy and satiry at every prologue in Mao Shi and that the Zheng poem and the Bian Poem could be divided into eulogy or satire accordingly. But it is proved herein that the distinction eulogy from satire in Mao Shi prefaces was possible by the country and chronology without the definite standard even though the contents of the poem were the same. 3) Those scholars who made the third assertion divided Shi Jing into two parts. One that was accompanied by music was called the Zheng Poem and the other that was accompanied by music was called the Bian Poem. But it is proved that all of Shi Jing were accompanied by music 4) Those who made the fourth assertion distinguished between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem by the style of the Poem. But looking into the style, it is proved that the distinction between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem is the style itself. Thus, the above classifications seem to be unreasonable so far. Then, why did these assertions come to rise? These assertions were due to the Han scholars who regarded the poem as a remonstration. They attempted to classify the Zheng Poem as the poem of admonition and the Bian poem as that of warning. But they did not succeed in it.

Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps Sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells

Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.

Hot Deformation Characteristics and Processing Map Analysis of Pre-Forged AZ80 Magnesium Alloy

Shi‑quan Huang,Ming Lu,Sheng‑lan Luo,Hai‑lin He,You‑ping Yi 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The hot deformation behavior of pre-forged AZ80 magnesium alloy is investigated by the isothermal compression tests attemperatures of 523–683 K and strain rates of 0.0001–0.1 s−1, and analyzed by the processing maps for guiding isothermaldie forging. Flow localization and even cracking occurs at low temperatures and high strain rates, where shear deformationdegree shows a positive correlation with the ��( ̇�� ) value. Two stability regions with high efficiency is found out by theprocessing maps. At common stability region with high temperatures and low strain rates, peak power dissipation efficiencydoes not represent optimum deformation condition as reported in other materials. A Z parameter criterion is introduced forparameters optimization. javascript:void(0); a new stability domain of 523–590 K and 0.0001–0.01 s−1 is observed, which istypical for fine microstructure composed of equiaxed clean α-Mg grains and big particles both about 1 μm (573 K/0.01 s−1).Super plasticity is speculated to occur at that condition.

Study on Marketing Policy of Beijing’s Incentive Tourism Promotion

Shi,Mei-Yu 동북아관광학회 2011 동북아관광연구 Vol.7 No.2

등속성 근력 측정기를 이용한슬관절 우력 곡선의 분석

이시욱,한태륜,방문석 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.5

기술혁신정책집행에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

노시평 서경대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.22 No.1

"新 行政學"에 관한 一考

梁始浩 건국대학교 행정대학원 1974 行政學報 Vol.2 No.-

1960년대에 접어들면서 미국행정학계의 일각에서는 행정학이 하나의 학문으로서의 고유한 주제의 성격과 경계 그리고 그 주제의 연구방법 및 교육방법등에 관해서 의문을 제기하는 '신행정학'의 모색이 시도되고 있다. 이러한 동향은 바로 행정학이 그 자체 무엇인가를 확정할 수 없다는 의미에서 하나의 학문으로서의 '일체성의 위기'(a crisis of identity)에 직면하고 있음을 지적하고 그 위기를 극복하려는 강력한 의지를 보이고 있다. 이러한 동향은 특히 미국의 소장 행정연구가들을 중심으로 소위 '신행정학'에의 방향으로 나타나고 있다는 점에서 특히 주목된다. 1969년 10월 하순 미국행정학의 거성, 'D. 왈도'(Dwight Waldo)교수의 시창에 따라 '뉴욕' 주북동의 '미노부르크' 호반에 자리잡은 '시러크스'대학(Syracus University)의 회의장에서 행정학계에 잘 알려지지 않은 20대 및 30대의 젊은 행정연구가들이 행정의 규범적 이론, 경험적 이론, 비교행정, 행정결정, 조직이론, PPB 단체교섭, 공무원고등교육 등에 관한 주제를 놓고 전개된 수일간의 토론이 '신행정학'의 모색의 출발점이라고 하겠다. 이 회의를 가리켜 '미노부르크' 회의(the Minnowbrook Conference)라고 부르고 있다.

급성 뇌경막외혈종의 임상적 고찰

송시헌 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.2

The outcome of acute epidural hematoma has been generally unsatisfactory. This study has analyzed the factors influencing the outcome of 99 patients who underwent acute epidural hematoma evacuation. Seventeen patients(17.2%) died and seventy-eight patients(78.8%) had a favorable outcome. A significant correlation was found beteen the outcome and the motor score at preoperation, pupillary response, bleeding point at operation, the degree of midline shifting, hematoma thickness and hematoma density on computerized tomography. However, the patient's age, the mode of injury, the hematoma location and the shape of the hematoma did not correlated with the outcome.

廢棄物 成分分析 處理에 關한 硏究

車時煥,金容旭 慶熙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

For the stabilization of leachate from municipal landfill treatment plants aerobic and anaerobic sludge digestion processes have been applied in mesoplilic temperature range. Uncertainty of the dynamics of leachate production has led to difficulties in the design and in plematation of control strategies, including full-scale leachate treatmente aperation. The general process, in order to control pollution effectively, require long retention time(10∼20days). In this study, thermal thermophilic aerobic digestion process for stabilization of study is a developed process based on the utilization of released heat from bio oxidation of organic matter to increase the process temperature in the therphilic temperature range(50-60℃). Possibility of pretreatment with coagulant including Chitosan solution, CaCO_3 and Diafloc mixture was tested on this raw leachate and aerated leachate. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Thermal thermophilic aerobic digestion temperature 50-60℃ at operation. 2. Effective for Chitosan solution, CaCO_3 and Diafloc of various flocculant at rapid mixing period 5 to 10 minutes. 1) Chitosan with 0.2mg/ℓ was resulted 97% removal of turbidity at pH 8. 2) When flocculant is used but COD and BOD was increasing after aeration. The major advantages of this study are process design for the destruction of pathognic micro organism normally contained in the leachate.

언어표현의 매체로서의 연극

류시응 한국뷔히너학회 2004 뷔히너와 현대문학 Vol.22 No.-

Samuel Beckett und Emst Jandl scheinen auf den ersten Blick nicht vie1 gemeinsam zu haben. Aber wenn wir die Biographie dieser beiden Dramatiker in Betracht ziehen, ist es erstaunlich, wie viele Gemeinsamkeiten sich aus ihrem Lebensweg ergeben. Sowohl Beckett als auch Jandl strebten nach Abschluss ihres Studiums den Beruf des Lehrers an. Beide Autoren, Beckett in Paris und Jandl in England, verbrachten einen Teil ihrer Lehrzeit im Ausland. Eine weitere Parallelitiit ist auch, dass beide Autoren sehr lange auf ein kritisches Echo ihrer literarischen Arbeiten warten mussten. Beckett erlangte seinen Grad an Beriihmtheit durch sein StIick Wurten auf Godor im Jahre 1953. Ebenso musste Jandl mehr als zehn Jahre warten, bis er im iisterreichischen Literaturbetrieb Aufsehen erregte. Aufinerksam wurde man auf ihn erst beim Erscheinen seines sechsten Gedichtbandes Laul und Luise 1966. Dennoch erhielten beide Schriftsteller, nachdem man ihren Erfolg anerkannt hatte, grok literarische Auszeichnungen: Beckett wurde 1969 der Nobelpreis fir Literatur zugesprochen und Jandl erhielt 1984 den Georg-BIichner-his, eine der groˇfiten literarischen Auszeichnungen in der deutschen Literatur. Aus diesen Gemeinsamkeiten beider Autoren gehe ich davon aus, dass die Figur des er von Jandl auch viele A¨hnlichkeiten mit dem Dramenstu¨ck Becketts Das letzte Band zeigt. Vor allem beschreiben beide Stu¨cke den Zustand einer Depression und werden durch einen a¨hnlichen Gebrauch der Sprache bestimmt: Das letzte Band, das 1958 am Royal Court Theater in London uraufgefu¨hrt wurde und aus der fremde, das fu¨r den Steirischen Herbst 1979 geschrieben und auch in Graz am Schauspielhaus uraufgefu¨hrt wurde. Da wird auch festestellt. dass im letzten Band kaum gesprochen wird und wenn, kommt das Gesprochene meistens von einem Tonband, wa¨hrend in aus der fremde ununterbrochen gesprochen wird. Im Laufe des Stu¨ckes wird die Figur des er mit einer Sprachmaschine' vergleichbar. Das letzte Band Becketts ist ein Monolog mit zwei Stimmen, der Stimme Krapps und der Tonbandstimme, denn Krapp, ein a¨lterer, verha¨rteter Mann, sitzt in seiner Bude, leicht alkoholisiert in einem clownesken Aufzuz und ho¨rte alte von ihm aufgenommene Tonba¨nder ab', wie jedes Jahr an seinem Geburtstage. Das Abho¨ren des Tonbandes ist fu¨r Krapp schon zur Gewohnheit geworden, jedes Jahr seines Lebens schlieβt er ab mit einer kurzen Zusammenfassung des vorangegangenen Jahres. Aus der fremde von Jandl ist cin Dreipersonenstu¨ck. Die Handlung beschreibt den Ablauf von vierundzwanzig Stunden. Das Stu¨ck setzt mit dem Abendessen ein und endet auch wieder am darauffolgenden abend. Hier versucht ein Schriftsteller, ein Auftragsstu¨ck zu schreiben. Wa¨brend er um seine scho¨pfrerische Ta¨tigkeit ringt, werden wir mit den Situationen aus dem Altag, der fruchtlosigkeit sciner papierenen tage "konfrontiert. Wie das Erledigen des ta¨glichen Einkaufs fu¨r das abendessen und diverse Ablenkungsversuche, um die Konfrontation mit dem leeren Blatt Papier zu vermeiden. Immer hat er die Zeit zu seimem Gegner. In seiner selbst auferlegten Isolation wird es zum Ritual gewordene Abendessen mit seiner langja¨hrigen Freundin, die ebenfalls Schriftstellerin ist. Wie erwa¨hnt fanden Jandl und Beckett in dem Medium eine neue Mo¨glichkeit, ihren Gedanken umzusetzen, und somit wurde dicse Form eine neue Herausforderung und gleichzeitige zu einer Erholung fu¨r sie, von ihrer Arbeit an den Romanen. Das Theater ist von sich aus begrenzter in ihrem Raum als die Prosa und ist auch reduzierter allein schon in ihrer Form. fu¨r Beckett und Jand war des eine neue Begegnung mit einen neuen Medium, das durch die sprachlichen Ausdru¨cke ihrer Stu¨cke verwirklicht werden soll. Vor allem ist bei Jandl ein Spielen mit der Sprache und den Wo¨rtern zu erkennen. Es ist daher nicht erstaunlich, dass aus der fremde das einzige abendfullende Stu¨ck in Jandls Repertoire ist. Jandls Umgang mit dem Medium Theater erinnert stark an den Versuch Prosa. Es ist ein Spielen mit einer neuen Form. Darin besteht auch Jandls Parallelita¨t zu Beckett. Sowohl fu¨r Jandl als auch fu¨r Beckett war das Theater als ein neues Medium angenommen, um ihre Gedanken durch die Sprache ausprobieren zu ko¨nnen.