Myoclonic-Atonic Epilepsy Masquerading as Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Clinical Conundrum

Rahul Sinha(Rahul Sinha ),Sonali Singh(Sonali Singh ),Nagarajan Balamurugan(Nagarajan Balamurugan ),Abhishek Pandey(Abhishek Pandey ) 대한소아신경학회 2022 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Numerical simulation of rear contact silicon solar cell with a novel front surface design for the suppression of interface recombination and improved absorption

RAHUL PANDEY,Rishu Chaujar 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.12

Nanostructuring has been projected as an appropriate technique to make thin silicon an efficient absorber. Although nano-textured surfaces have shown an anti-reflective effect, their surface passivation properties are found to be generally worse compared to standard micro-textured surfaces. Here, a novel front surface design has been proposed and simulated to balance the photonic and electronic effects together. ZrO2 based texturing has been used along with SiC-based front surface passivation for the suppression of interface recombination and improvement of open-circuit voltage (VOC). The device under investigation shows record VOC of 662 mV in the sub-10 mm-thick rear contact silicon solar cell. The presence of ZrO2 and SiC significantly improves the optical as well as the electrical behavior of the device. The device exhibits external quantum efficiency (EQE) > 81% in the spectrum range of 320e720 nm wavelength spectrum with a maximum of 95.6% at wavelength 560 nm. These improvements lead to 15.7% efficient rear contact silicon solar cell, in the sub-10 mm-thick regime. In second approach power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.6% has been achieved, by introducing the same front surface design to a 300 mm thick device. All the simulations have been done using calibrated software program in ATLAS device simulation.

A Unified Analytical One-Dimensional Surface Potential Model for Partially Depleted (PD) and Fully Depleted (FD) SOI MOSFETs

RAHUL PANDEY,ALOKE K. DUTTA 대한전자공학회 2011 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.11 No.4

In this work, we present a unified analytical surface potential model, valid for both PD and FD SOI MOSFETs. Our model is based on a simplified one dimensional and purely analytical approach, and builds upon an existing model, proposed by Yu et al. [4], which is one of the most recent compact analytical surface potential models for SOI MOSFETs available in the literature, to improve its accuracy and remove its inconsistencies, thereby adding to its robustness. The model given by Yu et al. [4] fails entirely in modeling the variation of the front surface potential with respect to the changes in the substrate voltage, which has been corrected in our modified model. Also, [4] produces self-inconsistent results due to misinterpretation of the operating mode of an SOI device. The source of this error has been traced in our work and a criterion has been postulated so as to avoid any such error in future. Additionally, a completely new expression relating the front and back surface potentials of an FD SOI film has been proposed in our model, which unlike other models in the literature, takes into account for the first time in analytical one dimensional modeling of SOI MOSFETs, the contribution of the increasing inversion charge concentration in the silicon film, with increasing gate voltage, in the strong inversion region. With this refinement, the maximum percent error of our model in the prediction of the back surface potential of the SOI film amounts to only 3.8% as compared to an error of about 10% produced by the model of Yu et al. [4], both with respect to MEDICI simulation results.

A Unified Analytical One-Dimensional Surface Potential Model for Partially Depleted (PD) and Fully Depleted (FD) SOI MOSFETs

Pandey, Rahul,Dutta, Aloke K. The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2011 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.11 No.4

In this work, we present a unified analytical surface potential model, valid for both PD and FD SOI MOSFETs. Our model is based on a simplified one dimensional and purely analytical approach, and builds upon an existing model, proposed by Yu et al. [4], which is one of the most recent compact analytical surface potential models for SOI MOSFETs available in the literature, to improve its accuracy and remove its inconsistencies, thereby adding to its robustness. The model given by Yu et al. [4] fails entirely in modeling the variation of the front surface potential with respect to the changes in the substrate voltage, which has been corrected in our modified model. Also, [4] produces self-inconsistent results due to misinterpretation of the operating mode of an SOI device. The source of this error has been traced in our work and a criterion has been postulated so as to avoid any such error in future. Additionally, a completely new expression relating the front and back surface potentials of an FD SOI film has been proposed in our model, which unlike other models in the literature, takes into account for the first time in analytical one dimensional modeling of SOI MOSFETs, the contribution of the increasing inversion charge concentration in the silicon film, with increasing gate voltage, in the strong inversion region. With this refinement, the maximum percent error of our model in the prediction of the back surface potential of the SOI film amounts to only 3.8% as compared to an error of about 10% produced by the model of Yu et al. [4], both with respect to MEDICI simulation results.

Exploiting the bioactive properties of essential oils and their potential applications in food industry

Vinay Kumar Pandey,Anjali Tripathi,Shivangi Srivastava,Aamir Hussain Dar,Rahul Singh,Alvina Farooqui,Sneha Pandey 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.7

Fruits are an abundant source of minerals and nutrients. High nutritional value and easy-to-consume property have increased its demand. In a way to fulfil this need, farmers have increased production, thus making it available for consumers in various regions. This distribution of fruits to various regions deals with many associated problems like deterioration and spoilage. In a way, the common practices that are being used are stored at low temperatures, preservation with chemicals, and many more. Recently, edible coating has emerged as a promising preservation technique to combat the above-mentioned problems. Edible coating stands for coating fruits with bioactive compounds which maintains the nutritional characteristics of fruit and also enhances the shelf life. The property of edible coating to control moisture loss, solute movement, gas exchange, and oxidation makes it most suitable to use. Preservation is uplifted by maintaining the nutritional and physicochemical properties of fruits with the effectiveness of essential oils. The essential oil contains antioxidant, antimicrobial, flavor, and probiotic properties. The utilization of essential oil in the edible coating has increased the property of coating. This review includes the process of extraction, potential benefits and applications of essential oils in food industry.

A comparison of ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy for the non-destructive examination of terpenoids in medicinal plants essential oils

Rahul Joshi,Sushma Kholiya,Himanshu Pandey,Ritu Joshi,Omia Emmanuel,Ameeta Tewari,김태현,조병관 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2023 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.50 No.4

Terpenoids, also referred to as terpenes, are a large family of naturally occurring chemical compounds present in the essential oils extracted from medicinal plants. In this study, a nondestructive methodology was created by combining ATR-FT-IR (attenuated total reflectance- Fourier transform infrared), and Raman spectroscopy for the terpenoids assessment in medicinal plants essential oils from ten different geographical locations. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR) were used as machine learning methodologies. However, a deep learning based model called as one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) were also developed for models comparison. With a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.999 and a lowest RMSEP (root mean squared error of prediction) of 0.006% for the prediction datasets, the SVR model created for FT-IR spectral data outperformed both the PLSR and 1 D CNN models. On the other hand, for the classification of essential oils derived from plants collected from various geographical regions, the created SVM (support vector machine) classification model for Raman spectroscopic data obtained an overall classification accuracy of 0.997% which was superior than the FT-IR (0.986%) data. Based on the results we propose that FT-IR spectroscopy, when coupled with the SVR model, has a significant potential for the non-destructive identification of terpenoids in essential oils compared with destructive chemical analysis methods.

Spatio-temporal variability of monsoon precipitation and their effect on precipitation triggered landslides in relation to relief in Himalayas

Kashyap Rahul,Pandey Arvind Chandra,Parida Bikash Ranjan 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.6

Orography of Himalaya governs the regional weather system and monsoon of Indian sub-continent. The intense persistent precipitation in the form of rainfall during monsoon season causes landslides which are the most frequent naturally occurring hazards in the Himalaya. This study attempts to investigate the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation and their effect on precipitation triggered landslides during monsoon season (June–September) in relation to relief in Himalayan region by utilizing satellitederived precipitation products (GPM) over the span of 2000–2018 in addition to NASA Landslide Viewer, Global Landslide Catalog and Global Risk Data Platform data for landslides and ASTER DEM for elevation. The results exhibit that the Eastern Himalayas received the highest amount of precipitation of 2385 mm with intensity of 19.5 mm/day, followed by the Central Himalayas with 1860 mm and intensity of 17.5 mm/day and the least in the Western Himalayas with 1400 mm and intensity of 15 mm/day, respectively. The monsoon precipitation in the lower elevations (below 2600 m) are mostly responsible for causing a vast majority of the precipitation induced landslide events with a maximum of 68.66% in the Central Himalayas followed by the Western Himalayas at 62.23% and the least in the Eastern Himalayas at 41.16%. The overall accumulated precipitation and intensity during monsoon season and landslide distribution were strongly correlated with relief pattern. This comprehensive study signifies how relief regulated the occurrences of landslides in monsoon season and recommends vegetation cover and least interference of human-induced land use to alleviate the landslides.

Spray-freeze-drying as emerging and substantial quality enhancement technique in food industry

Poornima Singh,Vinay Kumar Pandey,Rahul Singh,Aamir Hussain Dar 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.2

Spray freeze drying is an emerging technology in the food industry with numerous applications. Its ability to preserve food quality, maintain nutritional value, and reduce bulk make it an attractive option to food manufacturers. Spray freeze drying can be used to reduce the water content of foods while preserving the shelf life and nutritional value. Spray freeze-drying of food products is a process that involves atomizing food into small droplets and then flash-freezing them. The frozen droplets are then placed in a vacuum chamber and heated, causing the liquid to evaporate and the solid particles to become a dry powder. Spray freeze drying has become a valuable tool for the food industry through its ability to process a wide range of food products. This review’s prime focus is understanding spray freeze-dried approaches and emphasizing their applicability in various products.

Recent insights on advancements and substantial transformations in food printing technology from 3 to 7D

Shivangi Srivastava,Vinay Kumar Pandey,Rahul Singh,Aamir Hussain Dar 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.13

Food printing using 3D, 4D, and 5D printing processes has received a lot of interest as a result of rising living standards and increased customer desire for new foods. In the food industry, 3D as well as 4D printing are extremely effective methods for additive manufacturing. The 3D printing technology produces flat objects with a variety of mechanical strengths. The strength of the object depends on the type of material used and the printing process. Printing structures with the most complex geometric, such as curved surfaces, necessitates the usage of supplementary material. The 4D printing procedure necessitates additional stimuli in order to adjust the aspect of the generated geometry. These obstacles can be addressed by employing 5D printing techniques, which prints the product in three motions and two rotational axes without the use of additional support material. These emerging innovations are likely to result in substantial advancements in all industries, including the manufacturing of high-quality food products. Food printing technology can be used to create long shelf-life products by printing food with protective coatings that prevent oxidation and degradation. Foods can also be printed in specific shapes or sizes to reduce surface area exposed to air. 6D printed objects can be created as a result of 5D printing because it is regarded as a by-product of 5D printing technology. 6D printing can save time and money by using the right processing parameters to create strong materials that are more sensitive to stimuli. 7D printing can enable more efficient production processes, reduce costs, and enable the development of products that are more complex and intricate than what is achievable with traditional manufacturing methods. The revolutionary change brought by food printing technologies in the field of applications, research and development, processing, advantages in food industry have been discussed in this paper.

When to Discharge a Patient After Endoscopy: A Narrative Review

Swapnil Sahebrao Walke,Shamshersingh Chauhan,Vikas Pandey,Rahul Jadhav,Vipul Chaudhari,Deepti Vishwanathan,Kailash Kolhe,Meghraj Ingle 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.1

Video endoscopy is an important modality for the diagnosis and treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases. Most endoscopicprocedures are performed as outpatient basis, sometimes requiring sedation and deeper levels of anesthesia. Moreover, advancesin endoscopic techniques have allowed invasion into the third space and the performance of technically difficult procedures thatrequire the utmost precision. Hence, formulating strategies for the discharge of patients requiring endoscopy is clinically and legallychallenging. In this review, we have discussed the various criteria and scores for the discharge of patients who have undergoneendoscopic procedures with and without anesthesia.