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박지은,정연재,박준범,김혜영,유영현,이광식,양원태,김도훈,김종민 한국발생생물학회 2019 발생과 생식 Vol.23 No.3
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). T2DM is correlated with obesity and most T2DM medications have been developed for enhancing insulin sensitivity. Silk protein fibroin (SPF) from spiders has been suggested as an attractive biomaterial for medical purposes. We generated transgenic rice (TR) expressing SPF and fed it to diabetic BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb mice to monitor the changes in blood glucose levels and adipose tissue proteins associated with energy metabolism and insulin signaling. In the present study, the adipocyte size in abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice was remarkably smaller than that of the control. Whereas the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-activated protein kinase and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein levels were increased in abdominal adipose tissues after TR-SPF feeding, levels of six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) proteins decreased. Phosphorylation of AMPK at threonine 172 and IRS1 at serine 307 and tyrosine 632 were both increased in adipose tissues from TR-SPFfed mice. Increased expression and phosphorylation of IRS1 at both serine 307 and tyrosine 632 in adipose tissues indicated that adipocytes obtained from abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice were more susceptible to insulin signaling than that of the control. STAMP2 protein levels decreased in adipose tissues from TR-SPF-fed mice, indicating that STAMP2 proteins were reducing adipocytes that were undergoing lipolysis. Taken together, this study showed that TR-SPF was effective in reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and that concurrent lipolysis in abdominal adipocytes was associated with alterations of AMPK, IRS1, and STAMP2. Increased IRS1 expression and its phosphorylation by TR-SFP were considered to be particularly important in the induction of lipolysis in adipocytes, as well as in reducing blood glucose levels in this animal model.
李鎭局,徐相壽,朴魯峰,李忠鎬,劉鍾哲,金洪奎,趙武濟,韓運東,池平植 충주대 2003 産業科學論文集 Vol.11 No.-
In this paper, we discuss actual conditions for running school of electrical and electronic engineering in domestic universities. Also, we catch hold of industrial circles's demands in electrical engineering education and analyze questionary results according to goes into effect school of electrical and electronic & information engineering in major of electrical and electronec engineering's students. Conclusively, we present suitable model in electrical engineering by correction of problems.
A New Layout Scheme for Macro Cell
Lee, Pyeong Han,Kyung, Chong Min 대한전자공학회 1991 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.2 No.1
A new strategy for combining placement and routing of macro cell layout is proposed. The strategy solves a layout problem by interlocking placement and routing in step-wise motion. This approach is significantly different from the conventional approaches which partition IC layout problems into smaller steps and solve each step sequentially resulting in a locally optimal solution. The proposed strategy uses the FDR(Force Directed Relaxation) result as initial placement and consists of module orientation, global routing, block size enlargement and overlap removal procedures.
Kim, Pyeong Su,Lee, Kyung-Muk,Han, Dong-Seok,Yoo, Moon-Won,Han, Hye Seung,Yang, Han-Kwang,Bang, Ho Yoon The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.3
Purpose: Recently, a nomogram predicting overall survival after gastric resection was developed and externally validated in Korea and Japan. However, this gastric cancer nomogram is derived from large-volume centers, and the applicability of the nomogram in smaller centers must be proven. The purpose of this study is to externally validate the gastric cancer nomogram using a dataset from a medium-volume center in Korea. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 610 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from August 1, 2005 to December 31, 2011. Age, sex, number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), number of examined LNs, depth of invasion, and location of the tumor were investigated as variables for validation of the nomogram. Both discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated. Results: The discrimination was evaluated using Harrell's C-index. The Harrell's C-index was 0.83 and the discrimination of the gastric cancer nomogram was appropriate. Regarding calibration, the 95% confidence interval of predicted survival appeared to be on the ideal reference line except in the poorest survival group. However, we observed a tendency for actual survival to be constantly higher than predicted survival in this cohort. Conclusions: Although the discrimination power was good, actual survival was slightly higher than that predicted by the nomogram. This phenomenon might be explained by elongated life span in the recent patient cohort due to advances in adjuvant chemotherapy and improved nutritional status. Future gastric cancer nomograms should consider elongated life span with the passage of time.
이평한(Pyeong-Han Lee),류창호(Chang-Ho Ryu),천성훈(Sung-Hun Chun),김성완(Sung-Wan Kim) 대한전자공학회 2015 전자공학회논문지 Vol.52 No.3
최근 NFC(Near Field Communication)기능을 내장한 스마트폰의 급속한 보급과 더불어 다양한 응용분야와 서비스들이 생겨나고 있다. 기존 비접촉식 스마트카드의 주요 기능이었던 전자식 잠금장치(DDL; Digital Door Lock)와 전자결제를 휴대폰으로 대체할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, Bluetooth 나 Wifi 등의 통신기술에서 초기 setup 과정의 번거로움을 덜어주는 페어링(Pairing) 기능, 가전제품들을 휴대폰으로 모니터링하고 컨트롤하는 기능, 최근 수요가 급격히 증가하고 있는 다양한 센서들의 데이터를 휴대폰으로 수집하여 통신망으로 연결시켜 주는 기능 등 수요가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 이 다양한 센서들과 NFC가 접목됨으로써 한동안 국가적으로 추진해 왔던 USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network)을 한층 활성화 할 것으로 기대된다. 또한 이는 최근에 큰 화두가 되고 있는 사물인터넷(IoT; Internet of Things) 기술의 핵심이라고 할 수 있는데, IoT 의 최종단에서 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 이러한 기능들을 수행하기 위해서는 NFC 브릿지라고 하는 즉, 각종 디바이스와 휴대폰의 NFC 컨트롤러칩을 연결시켜 주는 기능을 하는 칩이 필요하게 된다. 기존의 Passive 태그 칩 기능에 다양한 디바이스들과의 인터페이스 기능을 추가함으로써 간단하면서도 저렴한 NFC 브릿지 기능을 수행할 수 있도록 하는 칩이다. 본 연구에서는 NFC Forum에서 만든 NFC 표준을 기반으로 하여 NFC 브릿지 칩을 설계하고 구현하였다. 이 칩은 크게 디지털 파트와 아날로그 파트로 구성이 되어 있어서, RF 신호 처리와 이를 디지털 신호로 변환하여 디바이스와 인터페이스가 가능하도록 하였다. 특히 RF 감지를 통하여 디바이스의 호스트 프로세서를 깨우는 기능을 추가함으로써 디바이스의 전력손실을 최소화 할 수 있다. 이 기능은 무전원 혹은 저전력 디바이스에 주로 사용되기 때문에 아주 중요한 기능이라고 할 수 있다. 캐리어 주파수는 13.56㎒를 사용하고 있고, 데이터 전송속도는 212kbps 및 424kbps를 지원하고 있으며, SMIC 180㎚ mixed-mode 공정을 사용하여 제작되어졌다. 제작된 칩의 기능과 성능을 검증하기 위하여 혈당측정기에 적용을 하여 NFC 혈당측정기 시스템을 구현하였는데, 이 구현된 시스템도 본 논문에 기술하였다. This paper describes a design and implementation of the NFC bridge chip which performs interface between kinds of devices and mobile phones including NFC controller through NFC communication. The NFC bridge chip consists of the digital part and the analog part which are based on NFC Forum standard. Therefore the chip treats RF signals and then transforms the signal to digital data, so it can interface kinds of devices with the digital data. Especially the chip is able to detect RF signals and then wake up the host processor of a device. The wakeup function dramatically decreases the power consumption of the device. The carrier frequency is 13.56㎒, and the data rate is up to 424kbps. The chip has been fabricated with SMIC 180㎚ mixed-mode technology. Additionally an NFC bridge chip application to the blood glucose measurement system is described for an application example.