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The seasonal detection of AcSBV (Apis cerana sacbrood virus) prevalence in Taiwan
Yu-Shin Nai,Chong-Yu Ko,Pei-Shou Hsu,Wen-Shi Tsai,Yue-Wen Chen,Meng-Hao Hsu,I-Hsin Sung 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1
The epizootic disease caused by Apis cerana sacbrood virus (AcSBV) occurred in Eastern hive bee, A. cerana, since2015 in Taiwan. A large-scale survey of this disease from September and December 2016 in Taiwan was performedincluding symptom check and molecular identification in honey bees of A. cerana hives and several A. mellifera hives, which were co-cultured with A. cerana. Based on the nucleotide sequences of partial VP1, thephylogenetic analysis with those of the known AcSBV isolates revealed that most of AcSBV isolates from Taiwanwere closely relative to SBV-FZ and -JL isolates from China, whereas only one sample (N15-5-1) was in a distinctcluster, which was closely relative to SBV-LN from China too. The AcSBV prevalence was occurring in A. ceranahives in most areas of Taiwan except for those in Hualien and Pingtung Counties in Taiwan. Notably, the AcSBVprevalence rate showed the temporal increase from 47.1% to 69.6% within 4 months. In addition, 37.5% ofAcSBV prevalence rate was found in A. mellifera hives. It showed that A. mellifera was also susceptible to AcSBVinfection. The present results would provide the information on the epidemiology and for prospective research.
Chun-Yu Liu,Tzu-Ting Huang,Pei-Yi Chu,Chun-Teng Huang,Chia-Han Lee,Wan-Lun Wang,Ka-Yi Lau,Wen-Chun Tsai,Tzu-I Chao,Jung-Chen Su,Ming-Huang Chen,Chung-Wai Shiau,Ling-Ming Tseng,Kuen-Feng Chen 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains difficult to treat and urgently needs new therapeutic options. Nintedanib, a multikinase inhibitor, has exhibited efficacy in early clinical trials for HER2-negative breast cancer. In this study, we examined a new molecular mechanism of nintedanib in TNBC. The results demonstrated that nintedanib enhanced TNBC cell apoptosis, which was accompanied by a reduction of p-STAT3 and its downstream proteins. STAT3 overexpression suppressed nintedanib-mediated apoptosis and further increased the activity of purified SHP-1 protein. Moreover, treatment with either a specific inhibitor of SHP-1 or SHP-1-targeted siRNA reduced the apoptotic effects of nintedanib, which validates the role of SHP-1 in nintedanib-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, nintedanib-induced apoptosis was attenuated in TNBC cells expressing SHP-1 mutants with constantly open conformations, suggesting that the autoinhibitory mechanism of SHP-1 attenuated the effects of nintedanib. Importantly, nintedanib significantly inhibited tumor growth via the SHP-1/p-STAT3 pathway. Clinically, SHP-1 levels were downregulated, whereas p-STAT3 was upregulated in tumor tissues, and SHP-1 transcripts were associated with improved disease-free survival in TNBC patients. Our findings revealed that nintedanib induces TNBC apoptosis by acting as a SHP-1 agonist, suggesting that targeting STAT3 by enhancing SHP-1 expression could be a viable therapeutic strategy against TNBC.
Mitigating SYN flooding Attack and ARP Spoofing in SDN Data Plane
Ting-Yu Lin,Jhen-Ping Wu,Pei-Hsuan Hung,Ching-Hsuan Shao,Yu-Ting Wang,Yun-Zhan Cai,Meng-Hsun Tsai 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09
As the number of network devices increases rapidly, it becomes more and more difficult to defend network attacks. Large-scaled attacks, such as SYN flooding, may lead to heavy burden to the switches as well as the controller in a software defined network (SDN). In this paper, we investigate the SYN flooding and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing attacks in SDN, and then propose mechanisms to address these two attacks. We also present a new scheme to detect SYN flooding by using only a few forwarding rules. Moreover, we utilize the Programming Protocol-independent Packet Processors (P4) technique to mitigate the burden of the controller.
Jui-Sheng Chou,김창완,Pei-Yu Tsai,Chun-Pin Yeh,손효주 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.6
This article compares Taiwan and Korea high speed rail systems to identify service factors that affect their long-term development. Data were collected by questionnaires and interviews administered over several years to study passenger travel behavior and perceptions of service quality. Analysis results indicate that improving operational effectiveness requires enhanced service quality and that Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) passengers are very concerned about facility of infrastructure services. In contrast, the main concern of Korea Train eXpress (KTX) passengers is frontline staff interaction. Notably, the data show that THSR passenger satisfaction increased steadily to levels superior to those expressed by KTX passengers. Another finding is that, in terms of resource allocation, both Taiwan and Korea should improve the handling of passenger complaints, provide improved scheduling information, and strive to improve arrival and departure punctuality. The contribution of this study is the development of a systematic method of assessing the long-term performance of high-speed rail transport services, by which management units can adjust operating strategies to continuously improve services. The analysis results can facilitate the THSR and KTX to formulating planning and operational strategies that can achieve the goal of sustainable operations.
Shiuan-Pey Lin,Pei-Dawn Lee Chao,Shang-Yuan Tsai,Meng-Ju Wang,Yu-Chi Hou 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.11
Citrus grandis peel (CGP) is a beverage ingredient and a medicinal herb in Oriental countries. Cyclosporine and tacrolimus, important immunosuppressants with narrow therapeutic windows, are widely used in transplant patients. This study investigated the effects of co-administering CGP on the bioavailability of cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were orally administered tacrolimus or cyclosporine with and without CGP. The concentrations of cyclosporine and tacrolimus in blood were assayed by monoclonal fluorescence polarization immunoassay and microparticle enzyme immunoassay, respectively. P-glycoprotein- and cytochrome P 450 3A4 (CYP3A4)-associated mechanisms were investigated by using everted rat intestinal sac and recombinant CYP3A4 isozyme. The results showed that CGP significantly increased the bioavailability of cyclosporine and tacrolimus by 100.0% and 234.7%, respectively. Ex vivo studies indicated that the interaction was mediated by the inhibition of CYP3A4. We suggest that CGP is contraindicated for transplant patients treated with cyclosporine or tacrolimus to minimize the risk of intoxication.