Scoparone from Artemisia capillaris Inhibits the Release of Inflammatory Mediators in RAW 264.7 Cells upon Stimulation Cells by Interferon-γ Plus LPS

Seon Il Jang,Young-Jun Kim,Woo-Yiel Lee,Kyung Chell Kwak,Seung Hwa Baek,Gyu Beum Kwak,Young-Gab Yun,Tae-Oh Kwon,Hun Taeg Chung,Kyu-Yun Chai 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.2

Scoparone is a major component of the shoot of Artemisia capillaris (Compositae), which has been used for the treatment of hepatitis and biliary tract infection in oriental countries. In the present study we observed that, scorparone exhibited no cytotoxic effect in unstimulated macrophages, but reduced the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) upon stimulation by IFN-γ/LPS or LPS. The inhibitory effects were found to be in conjuction with the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in IFN-γ/LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, scoparone also attenuated the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that scoparone decreases the production of the inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2 in macrophages by inhibiting iNOS and COX-2 expression.

Scoparone from Artemisia capillaris Inhibits the Release of Inflammatory Mediators in RAW 264.7 Cells upon Stimulation Cells by Interferon-${\gamma}$ Plus LPS

Jang Seon Il,Kim Young-Jun,Lee Woo-Yiel,Kwak Kyung Chell,Baek Seung Hwa,Kwak Gyu Beum,Yun Young-Gab,Kwon Tae-Oh,Chung Hun Taeg,Chai Kyu-Yun The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.2

Scoparone is a major component of the shoot of Artemisia capillaris (Compositae), which has been used for the treatment of hepatitis and biliary tract infection in oriental countries. In the present study we observed that, scorparone exhibited no cytotoxic effect in unstimulated macrophages, but reduced the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$ upon stimulation by IFN-${\gamma}$/LPS or LPS. The inhibitory effects were found to be in conjuction with the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in IFN-${\gamma}$/LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, scoparone also attenuated the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that scoparone decreases the production of the inflammatory mediators such as NO and $PGE_2$ in macrophages by inhibiting iNOS and COX-2 expression.

The effects of BRL-50481 on ovalbumin-induced asthmatic lung infl ammation exacerbated by co-exposure to Asian sand dust in the murine model

Hong Jo Kim,Jin Yong Song,Tae Il Park,Won Seok Choi,Jong Heon Kim,Oh Seong Kwon,Ji-Yun Lee 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.1

Asian sand dust (ASD), which mainly originatesin China and Mongolia in the spring and blows into Korea,can exacerbate respiratory and immunological diseases. This study aims to observe eff ects of co-exposure to ASD onovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic lung infl ammation andof treatment with a phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) inhibitor ina mouse model. The challenge with OVA increased airwayhyperresponsiveness (AHR) and infl ammatory cell infi ltrationinto the lung tissue. Interleukin (IL)-13, tumor necrosisfactor-alpha, monocyte-protein-1, mucin, and antigen-specific IgE and IgG1 production increased in mouse serum. The co-exposure of ASD signifi cantly exacerbated theseeff ects in this asthma model. Notably, the administration ofa PDE7 inhibitor, BRL-50481 (BRL), signifi cantly reducedAHR, infi ltration of infl ammatory cells into the lungs, andthe levels of type 2 T helper cell-related cytokines, antigenspecific immunoglobulins, and mucin. Thus, the administrationof BRL ameliorated OVA-induced allergic asthmaticresponses exacerbated by co-exposure to ASD. This studysuggests that PDE7 inhibition can be a therapeutic strategyfor infl ammatory lung diseases and asthma via the regulation of T lymphocytes and reduction of IL-13, and, consequently,mucin production.

A soft biomolecule actuator based on a highly functionalized bacterial cellulose nano-fiber network with carboxylic acid groups

Wang, Fan,Jeon, Jin-Han,Park, Sukho,Kee, Chang-Doo,Kim, Seong-Jun,Oh, Il-Kwon The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 SOFT MATTER Vol.12 No.1

<P>Upcoming human-related applications such as soft wearable electronics, flexible haptic systems, and active bio-medical devices will require bio-friendly actuating materials. Here, we report a soft biomolecule actuator based on carboxylated bacterial cellulose (CBC), ionic liquid (IL), and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) electrodes. Soft and biocompatible polymer-IL composites were prepared via doping of CBC with ILs. The highly conductive PEDOT: PSS layers were deposited on both sides of the CBC-IL membranes by a dip-coating technique to yield a sandwiched actuator system. Ionic conductivity and ionic exchange capacity of the CBC membrane can be increased up to 22.8 times and 1.5 times compared with pristine bacterial cellulose (BC), respectively, resulting in 8 times large bending deformation than the pure BC actuators with metallic electrodes in an open air environment. The developed CBC-IL actuators show significant progress in the development of biocompatible and soft actuating materials with quick response, low operating voltage and comparatively large bending deformation.</P>

청소년의 방과후 활동실태에 관한 연구

오치선,권일남 명지대학교 리서치아카데미 1999 리서치 아카데미 논총 Vol.2 No.-

본 연구는 초·중·고교생의 생활실태와 학교교육 만족도, 생활시간과 유형, 방과후 활동에 대한 관련사항을 분석하고 또한 이들의 생활여건을 개선하기 위한 내용을 종합적으로 분석하여 방과후 생활활동의 활성화방안을 마련함에 있다. 청소년의 방과후 생활상황에 대한 의식과 태도에 대한 설문문항을 작성하여 약 1,000명을 선정하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 전반적으로 학교의 수업과 관련된 보충적인 과외활동은 그다지 심각한 상태는 아니었지만 학교교육에 대한 만족도는 그다지 높지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 학교생활의 불만원인은 주로 생활의 따분함과 단조로움으로 다양한 학습기회의 제공과 여건의 활성화가 필요한 것으로 보인다. 그리고 청소년의 여가유형은 주로 소극적 활동이 많았으며 많은 청소년들이 방과후 활동의 필요성을 인지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 방과후 활동 활성화를 위해서는 다음과 같이 노력이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 첫째, 학생들의 방과후 활동 시설의 확충과 다양한 프로그램의 개설이 매우 필요할 것으로 보인다. 둘째, 방과후 활동의 다양성을 확보하기 위한 지도자의 확보, 교사의 협력, 학교 및 정부의 적극적 관심이 뒤따라야 할 것으로 보인다. 셋째, 학교의 동아리활동을 활성화하여 방과후 활동이 학생문화를 창출하는 축제의 마당으로 자리잡도록 만들어주어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study were 1) to analyze the school lifes and attitude of the students, 2) to search the problems related to life-style after class and 3) to suggest the desirable direction for the life-style activities after class for the youth. Data were collected drom 1,000 elementary, Junior and Senior high school student of the nation. The major fidings of this study were as follow; 1) The most youth were satisfied with their school life, extra-curricular activities, and achievement from their class. 2) Most youth reported that they gave the watching TV, a dilettante life like a passive activities after class. 3) The main problems of the after school activities are unpreparedness of programs and insuffcient public supports to youth facilities including financial difficulties. This future research should be focused on the program development and the expansion of youth activity facilities related to after-school activities in elementary and secondary school. It should also be focused on the development of the specific teaching stragies, insurance the teachers and leaders of youth activities, and integrated supports among the home, school and government.

원격조작에 의한 작업대상물 강성과 마찰 특성의 동정

권혁조,전지명,김진옥,문일동,오재윤 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-

This study performs a workpiece stiffness and frictional characteristic identification experiments by teleoperation. Experiments are performed using a bilateral force feedback teleoperation system. It is composed of a master manipulator, the slave manipulator equipped with a force/torque sensor, and a real-time control system. To control the teleoperation system, a position-force controller is developed. The slave manipulator is controlled by the master manipulator's position command and the master manipulator is controlled by the force information from the slave manipulator. This study presents a method to find the slave manipulator's stiffness. And, this study presents a method to compute the workpiece stiffness based on the measured pressing force and deflection at the slave manipulator. Also, this study performs a workpiece frictional characteristic identification experiments. In the experiments, the slave manipulator rubs a workpiece with an arbitrary pressing force. While the slave manipulator rubs a workpiece, a vertical force and a frictional force are measured and the ratio of a frictional force to a vertical force is considered as a frictional characteristic.

후륜 에어 서스펜션을 장착한 대형상용차의 동특성 해석

문일동,오재윤,권혁조,이승호 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-

This paper develops a computational model using ADAMS for dynamic characteristic analysis of a large-sized commercial vehicle with an air suspension system at rear axle. The air suspension system is composed of an air spring and a half-long tapered leaf spring. Its ADAMS model has 24 rigid bodies and 15 degree-of-freedom. For its modeling, 24 rigid bodies are connected by 10 cylindrical joints, 4 translational joints, 9 spherical joints, 2 universal joints, and 4 revolute joints. For the analysis of handling performance, a double lane change maneuver simulation is performed using the full vehicle ADAMS model with a trunnion suspension or air suspension at rear axle. The simulation is performed with a constant speed of 50, 60, and 70kph respectively. In the simulation, lateral acceleration, roll angle, and yaw rate at the mass center of frame and cab are measured for the handling analysis. For the analysis of ride performance, a bumpy ride simulation is performed using the model. The simulation is performed with a constant speed of 20kph. The bump used in the simulation has the height of 50, 80, and 100㎜ respectively. In the simulation, vertical displacement and pitch angle at the mass center of cab are measured for the ride performance analysis.

원공노치를 가진 CFRP의 적층방향에 따른 기계적 특성 평가

태영일,윤유성,권오헌 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The tensile tests for [0/90]s, [90/0]s, and [0/±45/90]s laminate composite were accomplished with acoustic sensor and failure processes were recorded by a video camera in real time. Also SEM examinations for fracture and side surface were carried out. The purpose, of study is estimation of the failure mechanism and the mechanical properties effected by lay-up orientation for CFRP laminate composite with the hole notch. From the results, mechanical properties were obtained and they are similar between two kinds of cross-ply orientation in CFRP laminate composites, but not on [0/±45/90]s. And according to increasing the load, accumulate AE count was increased, regardless of lay-up orientation. Futhermore, failure mechanism was described by a video monitoring and SEM.

국산화 개발한 치과용 저금합금의 시효경화 거동

김교한,권오원,김형일 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

To define the optimum heat treatment temperature and time of the developed three types of low karat gold alloys, hardness test, DTA and x-ray diffraction methods were used. The results were as follows. *The optimum temperature of heat treatment was at 400℃ in K-Ⅰ, K-Ⅱ and K-Ⅲ alloys. *The proper time of age-hardening was 10 minute in K-Ⅰ alloy, and 10-30-minutes in K-Ⅱ alloys. *The stable phases of three types of low karat gold alloys were Ag-rich α₁ phase, Cu-rich α₂ phase and AuCuⅠ phase in case of K-Ⅰ alloy, and α1 phase and AuCuⅠ phase were coexisted in K-Ⅱ and K-Ⅲ alloy. *The cause of the decrease of hardness by overageing was the α₁ phase and AuCu Ⅰ phase, which were precipitated in the grain boundary.

조혈모세포이식 후 골성장인자의 변화 및 골대사에 미치는 영향 : Impact on Bone Mineral Metabolism

백기현,오은숙,오기원,이원영,김혜수,권순용,한제호,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 각종 장기이식의 시행이 많아지고 이식 후 생존율이 증가함에 따라 이식 후 합병증에 대한 관심 또한 높아지고 있다. 조혈모세포이식 후에도 다양한 내분비적 합병증이 발생할 수 있으며 골격에 대한 합병증도 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 조혈모세포 이식 후 발생하는 골소실에는 이식 후 초기의 골형성 저하와 골흡수 증가가 중요한 역할을 담당하리라고 추측되는데 이러한 골재형성불일치(biochemical uncoupling)에 골 성장인자들이 미치는 영향에 대해서는 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 조혈모세포이식 전, 후로 말초 혈액에서 IGF-I, FGF-2, M-CSF같은 성장인자의 변화를 알아보고, 이들 성장인자의 변화가 조혈모세포이식 후의 골형과 골흡수에 미치는 영향 및 이식 후 발생되는 골량 소실과의 연관성을 확인해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 여러 가지 혈액질환으로 인해 동종 골수이식을 시행 받은 환자들을 전향적으로 관찰하였으며 이식 전 및 이식 후 1주, 2주, 3주, 4주 및 3개월, 6개월 1년에 말초 혈액에서 골교체표지자를 측정하였다. 이식 전 및 이식1년 후에 요추골 및 대퇴골 골밀도를 측정할 수 있었던 36명의 환자들을 대상으로 냉동 보관되어 있던 혈청을 이용하여 IGF-I, FGF-2 및 M-CSF를 시기별로 측정하였으며 이들 성장인자와 골교체표지자의 변화 및 골밀도 변화 사이의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 결과: 골흡수 표지자인 혈청 ICTP는 이식 전에 비해 이식 후 4주까지 점차 의의 있게 증가하다가 이후 6개월까지 더욱 증가한 후 감소하였다. 골형성 표지자인 osteocalcin은 이식 후 3주까지는 점차 감소하다가 이후 증가하여 이식 후 3개월 및 6개월에 기저치보다 통계적으로 유의하게 증가한 후 감소하였다. 혈청 IGF-I과 FGF-2는 각각 이식 후 3주 및 1주까지 의미있게 감소하다가 이후 증가하였으며 혈청 M-CSF는 이식 후 1주째에 기저치에 비해 의미 있게 증가하였다가 이후 기저치로 회복되었다. 이식 1년 후 평균 요추부 골밀도는 5.2% 감소하였고 평균 근위대퇴골 골밀도는 11.6% 감소하였다. 이식 전 및 이식 후 3주에 측정한 IGF-I과 같은 시기에 측정한 오스테오칼신 사이에 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되었으며 이식 후 3주째의 M-CSF와 골흡수표지자인 M-CSF 사이에서 의미 있는 양의 상관관계를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이식 후 3주 및 3개월에 IGF-I이 낮은 환자일수록 이식 1년 후 근위대퇴골에서의 골소실이 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 결론: 조혈모세포이식 후 발생하는 골소실에는 기존에 알려진 기저질환의 영향, 성호르몬의 감소, 면역억제의 투여, 골수기질세포와 조골세포의 손상 및 이식초기 사이토카인의 변화이외에도 골성장인자가 관련이 있음을 확인하였고, 이는 이식 후 발생되는 골량소실에 중요한 역할을 할 것이라고 사료된다. Background: A loss of bone mass is usually detected after a bone marrow transplantation (BMT), especially during the early post-transplant period. We recently reported that enhanced bone resorption following a BMT was related to both the steroid dose and the increase in IL-6. We also suggested damage to the marrow stromal microenvironment, by myoablation, partly explains the impaired bone formation following a BMT. It is well known that some growth factor play important role in bone growth and osteogenesis. However, the pathogenetic role of bone growth factors in post-BMT bone loss is unknown and data on the changes in the growth factors, in accordance with bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD) changes are scarce. We investigated changes in bone growth factors such as IGF-I (Insulin-like growth factor-I), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), during the post-BMT period, and assessed whether the growth factor changes influenced the bone turnover and post-BMT bone loss. The present study is the first prospective study to describe the changes in bone growth factors following a BMT. Methods: We prospectively investigated 110 patients undergoing a BMT, and analyzed 36 patients (32.4±1.3 years, 17 men and 19 women) whose BMDs were measured before, and 1 year after, the BMT. The serum biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured before, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year, after the BMT. The serum, FGF-2, IGF-I and M-CSF levels were measured before and 1 and 3 weeks, and 3 months after the BMT. The correlation between the changes of growth factors and various bone parameters was analyzed. Results: The mean bone losses in the lumbar spine and total proximal femur, calculated as the percentage change from the baseline to the level at 1 year, were 5.2(p<0.05) and 11.6%(p<0.01), respectively. the serum type I carboxyterminal telopeptide(ICTP), a bone resorption marker, increased progressively until 6 months after the BMT, but thereafter decreased, to the base value after 1 year. Serum osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, decreased progressively, until 3 weeks after the BMT but then increased transiently, and finally returned to the base level at 1 year. The serum IGF-I and FGF-2 also decreased progressively until 3 weeks 1 week after the BMT, respectively, then increased to the base values at 3 months. The serum M-CSF increased briskly at 1 week post-BMT, then decreased to the base level. There were positive correlations between the percentage changes from the baseline proximal femur BMD and the IGF-I levels 3 weeks and 3 months (r=0.52, p<0.01, r=0.41, p<0.05) post BMT. A significant correlation was found between the IGF-I and osteocalcin levels pre-BMT, and 3 weeks after the BMT. Another positive correlation was found between the M-CSF and the ICTP levels at 3 weeks post BMT (r=0.54, p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, there were significant changes in the serum IGF-I, FGF-2 and M-CSF levels in the immediate post-BMT period, which were related to a decrease in bone formation and loss in the proximal femoral BMD during the year following the BMT (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:664∼674, 2002).