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도시고형폐기물 매립지 침출수에서 미세플라스틱의 분리·추출 방법에 관한 고찰
김나원 ( Nawon Kim ),이가영 ( Gayeong Lee ),김용진 ( Yong-jin Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.40 No.4
Plastic waste is a widespread byproduct of industrial development. Once released into the environment, it degrades into microplastics, due to physical breakdown, photodegradation, chemical deposition, and biological degradation. These materials are found in various ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, beaches, estuaries, sediments, and waste incineration residues. Waste landfills are the main storage of plastic waste, and about 79% of the wasted plastics are accumulated alongside landfills and the natural environment. In addition, microplastics formed within landfills are mixed with landfill leachate and evacuated for a variety of factors. Various pretreatment methods have been proposed to separate and extract microplastics from landfill leachate. However, researchers’ methodologies significantly differ in the type of reagent for the density solution and the filter paper; consequently, there is no standardized method. Hence, this study aims to compare and classify various techniques suggested in previous studies that separated and extracted microplastics from leachate to find efficient methods that can be applied in the future. Furthermore, analytical items showing a correlation with the concentration of microplastics among environmental media were also considered and presented.
이가영 ( Gayeong Lee ),김나원 ( Nawon Kim ),김용진 ( Yong-jin Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.40 No.1
The amounts of waste plastics continue to increase rapidly each year. Recycling, incineration, and landfilling are the main treatment and disposal processes of waste plastics. Indeed, although incineration has been used to decompose and remove plastic products, it is considered one of the main sources of microplastics (MPs). In recent years, various methods for extracting MPs from environmental media have been proposed by researchers. However, there is still no standardized method for the extraction of MPs. In this study, therefore, in order to efficiently extract MPs from incineration ash (i.e. bottom and fly ashes), separation solution, stirring method, and number of extraction were investigated. Except for the saturated NaCl saturated, good recovery rates were observed in the separation experiments with Oil + 5 g-NaCl/L and ZnCl<sub>2</sub> solutions, ranging from 63 to 80%. In addition, a good recovery rate was observed when using a magnetic stirrer, except for experiments with the ZnCl<sub>2</sub> solution. However, although the extraction was carried out three times in this study, MPs were still detectable, suggesting incomplete extraction of MPs. The obtained recovery rates were not higher than those reported in previous related studies, which might be due to the differences in the samples and the characteristics of MPs with different densities. During the separation process of supernatants, it is necessary to pay attention to the handling process of containers in contact with the samples, as MPs tend to stick to the container walls. Therefore, further related studies are required to develop effective methods for extracting MPs from incinerator ashes.
간호대학생이 지각한 자아존중감과 간호사 이미지가 임상실습 만족도에 미치는 영향: COVID-19 시기에 임상실습교육 대상자를 중심으로
이나경(Na Kyoung, Lee),안나원(Nawon, An) 한국간호연구학회 2021 한국간호연구학회지 Vol.5 No.2
Purpose : This study was conducted to identify the influence of self-esteem and the image of a nurse and its impact on satisfaction with clinical practice among nursing students who experienced clinical practice during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods : Between September 30 to October 15, 2020, 128 nursing students in their third and fourth grade of K and C colleges completed a self-report structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results : The mean score on the total clinical practice satisfaction was 3.52±0.43. Clinical practice satisfaction was higher in the fourth grade students than in the third grade students(p=.014) and showed a statistically significant positive correlation with self-esteem and the image of a nurse(p<.001). The variables explained the satisfaction with clinical practice by 29.3%. Conclusion : In order to increase the satisfaction with clinical practice of nursing students during the COVID-19 outbreak, it is necessary to develop educational interventions that strengthen positive images of nurses and increase self-esteem.
Pim1 promotes IFN-β production by interacting with IRF3
Ko Ryeojin,Seo Jeongin,Park Hana,Lee Nawon,Lee Soo Young 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
The Pim (proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus) proteins compose a serine threonine kinase family whose members regulate cell proliferation, migration and cell survival. However, whether Pim kinases participate in innate immune responses is unclear. Here, we show for the first time that Pim1 plays an essential role in the production of interferon (IFN)-β by macrophages after their Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway is activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Specifically, Pim1 was quickly upregulated in an NF-κB-dependent manner after TLR stimulation with PAMPs. Pim1 deficiency reduced TLR3- or TLR4-stimulated IFN-β and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression but not proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages. Mechanistically, Pim1 specifically upregulates IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. However, this role is not dependent on Pim1 kinase activity. Rather, Pim1 appears to promote IRF3 phosphorylation by enhancing the formation of IFN-β signaling complexes composed of TRIF, TRAF3, TBK1, and IRF3. Poly (I:C)-treated Pim1−/− mice produced less serum IFN-β and were less likely to survive than wild-type mice. These findings show for the first time that Pim1 participates in TLR-mediated IFN-β production, thus revealing a novel target for controlling antiviral innate immune responses.
전명식(Myoungsik Jeon),고영우(Yeongwoo Ko),한형석(Hyungseok Han),이나원(Nawon Lee),한철희(Cheolheui Han) 한국추진공학회 2012 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11
본 논문에서는 PVC를 이용한 소형 고체 로켓 모터와 노즐 설계에 중점을 두었다. 기존 steel을 이용한 로켓 모터 설계에서 높은 가공비용 문제를 해결하고자 수행하였으며, steel을 이용한 로켓모터와 동등대비 같은 성능을 낼 수 있도록 중점을 두었다. 모터 설계에 있어서 중요한 노즐 설계와 케이스 설계, 내부 단열 설계를 중점으로 다루었으며, 차후 본 과정을 수십 회의 실험을 통해 안정성을 검토 하겠다. In this study, it focuses on a small solid rocket motor using PVC and a nozzle design. This study is carried out in order to lessen the high processing cost of the rocket motor design using the existing steel motor. It focuses on obtaining the same performance compared to the rocket motor using steel. This paper covers nozzle design, case design and internal insulation design which are important in designing motor. Through several numbers of the experiment, the safety of the small solid rocket motor using PVC will be examined.
한형석,박주희,이나원,한철희,Han, Hyungseok,Park, Joohee,Lee, Nawon,Han, Cheolheui 항공우주시스템공학회 2015 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.9 No.2
태양광 고고도 장기체공형 무인기나 인간동력 항공기 등에 사용되는 높은 종횡비를 가진 유연날개는 공력 및 구조 상호작용으로 인하여, 구조적 비선형 처짐 및 양력감소 등의 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 저속 비행하는 높은 종횡비를 가진 날개의 단방향 공력-구조 연계해석을 수행하였다. XFOIL을 사용하여 공력천이현상을 포함한 저 레이놀즈수 익형 공력특성 자료 확보를 기반으로 3차원 양력선 이론을 사용하여 공력해석 연구를 수행했다. 구조해석은 상용소프트웨어 ANSYS를 사용하여 구조변형이나 응력해석 연구를 수행했다. 단방향 공력-구조 연계해석 결과를 바탕으로 인간동력 항공기 주 날개의 형상설계 연구를 수행했다.