Survival of Probiotic Strains in Non-dairy Indian Spice Condiment Exhibiting Cholesterol Reducing Properties

Mukesh Kumar Singh,Richu Singla,Arashdeep Singh,Moushumi Ghosh,Abhijit Ganguli 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.5

The feasibility of a novel formulated spice condiment suitable for delivery of probiotic cultures to consumers has been reported in this study. The spice condiment (pH 4.5, Aw=0.81) exhibited high sensorial scores and stability after storage for 60 days. Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus delbrueckii strains were incorporated in the spice condiment and evaluated for survival and expression of important functional characteristics: cholesterol reduction. Both strains survived excellently in the food matrix and sustained simulated gastro-intestinal conditions (viability to 0.3% bile salts and pancreatic enzymes). Probiotic enriched spice condiment fed to experimental mice on high cholesterol diet resulted in significant (p<0.05) lowering of serum total cholesterol, HDLs,LDLs, and triglycerides; moreover; histopathological changes were less intensive. Results of our study suggested the formulated spice condiment as a potential non-dairy food adjunct for delivery of probiotics and may help in managing hypercholesterolaemia.

Methanolic Extract of Plumbago Zeylanica - A Remarkable Antibacterial Agent Against Many Human and Agricultural Pathogens

Mukesh Kumar Singh,Ajit Pandey,Hemant Sawarkar,Anshita Gupta,Bina Gidwani,Hemant Dhongade,Dulal Krishna Tripathi 대한약침학회 2017 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.20 No.1

Objectives: The current investigation was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and the antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica. Methods: The stems, leaves, and whole plants were air dried and extracted with methanol by using a Soxhlet extractor for 72 hours at 55 - 60°C. The antimicrobial activities were determined from the zones of inhibition, which were measured by using the agar well diffusion method, and the cytotoxicity assays were performed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method. Results: The methanolic extracts of the stem and the leaves of Plumbago zeylanica were tested against six bacterial species and nine fungal species, and both extracts showed antimicrobial activity in a dose-dependent manner. The leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica showed maximum antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus sub sp aureus and Fusarium oxysporum. The stem extract was found to be more antimicrobial against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Penicillium expansum species. MTT assays were used to test the cytotoxicity of the whole plant extract in the HCT-116 and the K-562 cell lines, and that extract was shown to have weak cytotoxicity in both cell lines. Conclusion: In the present study, the methanolic stem extracts of Plumbago zeylanica were found to possess remarkable antibacterial activities against many human and agricultural pathogens. The extracts were also found to possess significant antifungal activities, but the antifungal activities were less than the antibacterial activities. Finally, the extracts were found to have weak cytotoxicities in the HCT-116 and the K-562 cell lines.

Surface Modification of Spinel Ferrite with Biopolymer for Adsorption of Cationic and Anionic Dyes in Single and Ternary Dye System

Mukesh Kumar,Harmanjit Singh Dosanjh,Harminder Singh 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.4

In this work, nano cobalt ferrite was modified with biopolymer sodium alginate in alginic form and the prepared magnetic composite (CoFN-Alg) was examined by different techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscope with energy dispersive spectra, X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation. The CoFN-Alg composite was used as adsorbent to remove Congo red (CR), brilliant green (BG), and methylene blue (MB) dyes from single and ternary dye systems. The adsorption of different dyes on CoFNAlg composite was studied at varying parameters such as contact time, varying pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration at different temperatures through batch mode. Results of kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption data of different dyes in single system as well as ternary system was best fitted in Lagergren pseudo second order model. Similarly, the adsorption equilibrium data was well correlated by Langmuir isotherm model in both types of dye systems. In single system, the maximum adsorption capacities of CR, BG, and MB dyes for CoFN-Alg composite were 93.0, 92.1, 95.8 mg/g and for ternary system were 60.0, 64.4, and 76.9 mg/g, respectively. The calculated adsorption thermodynamic parameters confirmed that adsorption process was spontaneous in nature. The results of regeneration studies concluded that CoFN-Alg composite retained around 78 % regeneration efficiency even after five successive cycles in single as well as ternary system. The present study revealed that CoFN-Alg composite might be suitable alternative for the removal of different dyes in single as well as multi-component system.

Methanolic Extract of Plumbago Zeylanica - A Remarkable Antibacterial Agent Against Many Human and Agricultural Pathogens

Singh, Mukesh Kumar,Pandey, Ajit,Sawarkar, Hemant,Gupta, Anshita,Gidwani, Bina,Dhongade, Hemant,Tripathi, Dulal Krishna KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2017 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.20 No.1

Objectives: The current investigation was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and the antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica. Methods: The stems, leaves, and whole plants were air dried and extracted with methanol by using a Soxhlet extractor for 72 hours at $55-60^{\circ}C$. The antimicrobial activities were determined from the zones of inhibition, which were measured by using the agar well diffusion method, and the cytotoxicity assays were performed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method. Results: The methanolic extracts of the stem and the leaves of Plumbago zeylanica were tested against six bacterial species and nine fungal species, and both extracts showed antimicrobial activity in a dose-dependent manner. The leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica showed maximum antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus sub sp aureus and Fusarium oxysporum. The stem extract was found to be more antimicrobial against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Penicillium expansum species. MTT assays were used to test the cytotoxicity of the whole plant extract in the HCT-116 and the K-562 cell lines, and that extract was shown to have weak cytotoxicity in both cell lines. Conclusion: In the present study, the methanolic stem extracts of Plumbago zeylanica were found to possess remarkable antibacterial activities against many human and agricultural pathogens. The extracts were also found to possess significant antifungal activities, but the antifungal activities were less than the antibacterial activities. Finally, the extracts were found to have weak cytotoxicities in the HCT-116 and the K-562 cell lines.

Design and Investigation of the DM- PC-TFET-Based Biosensor for Breast Cancer Cell Detection

Mukesh Kumar Bind,Sajai Vir Singh,Kaushal Kumar Nigam 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.5

In this paper, a dielectric modulated polarity control tunnel field-effect transistor (DM-PC-TFET)- based biosensor has been proposed for the first time for breast cancer cells (BCCs) detection. The detection method is based on the signifi cant difference in dielectric constant between cancerous and healthy breast cell lines in the microwave frequency band.When BCCs with different dielectric constants are filled in the sensing region of the proposed DM-PC-TFET-based biosensor, the electrical characteristics of the device vary, allowing for early-stage breast cancer detection. The sensing ability of the proposed biosensor has been investigated in terms of variation in drain current, threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, ON/ OFF current ratio, and transconductance characteristics. The proposed bio-sensor demonstrates drain current sensitivity of 7.82 × 1010 , I ON /I OFF ratio sensitivity of 2 .01 × 109 , and trans-conductance sensitivity of 2.32 × 1012 for T47D (a breast cancer cell line). Additionally, the proposed biosensor’s selectivity, linearity, and noise characteristics are evaluated in this study too. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the DM-PC-TFET biosensor has also been investigated with variations in BCCs charge density, temperature, device geometry, and non-uniform arrangement of cancer cell lines within the nano-cavity region. The simulation results of the proposed biosensor are generated using a 2D technology computer-aided design tool. The results demonstrate that the proposed biosensor can be used as a suitable and effi cient nano-device for the early detection of breast cancer.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Exstrophy of the Bladder

Pramod Kumar Sharma,Praveen Kumar Pandey,Mukesh Kumar Vijay,Malay Kumar Bera,Jitendra Pratap Singh,Kaushik Saha 대한비뇨의학회 2013 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.54 No.8

Exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of about 1 per 50,000 newborns. The malignant potential of the exstrophied bladder mucosa is well known; 95% are adenocarcinomas, and 3% to 5% are squamous cell carcinomas. Most of the malignant tumors (60%) associated with an exstrophy of the bladder occur during the fourth and fifth decades of life. Of the remaining, about 20% each occur after 60 years and before 40 years. Here we present a case in which squamous cell carcinoma developed in an unrepaired exstrophy of the bladder. We present the management of the case and a brief review of the literature.

Integration of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Machine Learning to Improve Classification Accuracy During Antenna Design

Susheel Kumar Singh,Mukesh Kumar,Jeetendra Singh 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.3

Flexibility and generalization of antenna analysis and synthesis using artificial neural networks have attracted enormous attention in the field of microwave-strip antennas (MSAs). Various problems can be solved using Particle Swarm Optimization PSO by applying social connections. A Swarm of particles (agents) is applied to find the best possible solution. These agents seek the space coordinates associated with the best solution each particle has so far achieved. Predicting response times with a trained neural network is almost equivalent to measuring or simulating them. The proposed work has integrated an optimization mechanism into machine learning which improves the reliability of the model. The simulation shows the categorization process utilizing machine learning for antenna design. As a result of using the PSO optimizer, the accuracy, precision, f1-score, and recall value of the simulations have significantly improved. An improvement of 4%, 10%, and 5% is observed in accuracy, recall value, and in precision by using the optimization technique. The result proves that the integration of machine learning into the optimizer increases the suggested model's dependability.

Sulphide passivation of GaN based Schottky diodes

Ashish Kumar,Trilok Singh,Mukesh Kumar,R. Singh 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.3

Wet chemical passivation of n-GaN surface was carried out by dipping GaN samples in ammonium sulphide diluted in aqueous and alcoholic solvent base solutions. Photoluminescence (PL) investigations indicated that sulphide solution effectively led to the reduction of GaN surface states. Increased band edge PL peak showed that S2 ions are more active in alcohol based solvents. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed reduction in surface oxides by introduction of sulphide species. Ni/n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes were fabricated on passivated surfaces. Remarkable improvement in the Schottky barrier height (0.98 eV for passivated diodes as compared to 0.75 eV for untreated diodes) has been observed.

Living donor liver transplant outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: does a decrease in case volume impact the overall outcomes?

Shweta A. Singh,Hetal Pampaniya,Vikram Kumar,Mukesh Kumar,Shekhar Singh Jadaun,Vivek Yadav,Sanjiv Saigal,Subhash Gupta 대한이식학회 2022 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.36 No.2

Background: High-volume centers (HVCs) are classically associated with better out- comes. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been a decrease in the regular liver transplantation (LT) activity at our center. This study ana- lyzed the effect of the decline in LT on posttransplant patient outcomes at our HVC. Methods: We compared the surgical outcomes of patients who underwent LT during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown (April 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020) with outcomes in the pre-pandemic calendar year (April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020). Results: During the 6 months of pandemic lockdown, 60 patients underwent LT (43 adults and 17 children) while 228 patients underwent LT (178 adults and 50 children) during the pre-pandemic calendar year. Patients in the pandemic group had significant- ly higher model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores (24.39±9.55 vs. 21.14±9.17, P=0.034), Child-Turcotte-Pugh scores (11.46±2.32 vs. 10.25±2.24, P=0.03), and inci- dence of acute-on-chronic liver failure (30.2% vs. 10.2%, P=0.002). Despite performing LT in sicker patients with COVID-19-related challenges, the 30-day (14% vs. 18.5%, P=0.479), 3-month (16.3% vs. 20.2%, P=0.557), and 6-month mortality rates (23.3% vs. 28.7%, P=0.477) were lower, but not statistically significant when compared to the pre-pandemic cohort. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown the number of LT procedures performed at our HVC declined by half because prevailing conditions allowed LT in very sick patients only. Despite these changes, outcomes were not inferior during the pan- demic period compared to the pre-pandemic calendar year. Greater individualization of patient care contributed to non-inferior outcomes in these sick recipients.

Correlation of fecal calprotectin and patient-reported outcome measures in patients with ulcerative colitis

( Nagesh Kamat ),( Sudheer K Vuyyuru ),( Saurabh Kedia ),( Pabitra Sahu ),( Bhaskar Kante ),( Peeyush Kumar ),( Mukesh Kumar Ranjan ),( Mukesh Kumar Singh ),( Sambuddha Kumar ),( Vikas Sachdev ),( Gov 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.2