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Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Exstrophy of the Bladder
Pramod Kumar Sharma,Praveen Kumar Pandey,Mukesh Kumar Vijay,Malay Kumar Bera,Jitendra Pratap Singh,Kaushik Saha 대한비뇨의학회 2013 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.54 No.8
Exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of about 1 per 50,000 newborns. The malignant potential of the exstrophied bladder mucosa is well known; 95% are adenocarcinomas, and 3% to 5% are squamous cell carcinomas. Most of the malignant tumors (60%) associated with an exstrophy of the bladder occur during the fourth and fifth decades of life. Of the remaining, about 20% each occur after 60 years and before 40 years. Here we present a case in which squamous cell carcinoma developed in an unrepaired exstrophy of the bladder. We present the management of the case and a brief review of the literature.
Manas Mandal,Krishna Chattopadhyay,Malay Chakraborty,Wonjae Shin,Kamal Kanti Bera,Sujit Chatterjee,Akbar Hossain,Dipanwita Majumdar,Arup Gayen,Changwoon Nah,Swapan Kumar Bhattacharya 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.6
A negative electrode is constructed based on MnSn(OH)6 nanocubes prepared by a simple precipitation method at roomtemperature for supercapacitor application. The as-prepared material was structurally and morphologically characterizedwith the help of XRD, FT-IR, Raman, XPS, FESEM, and HRTEM analyses. The uniform structure and fine edge morphologywith high conductivity due to oxygen vacancies promote the redox reaction, which results in high pseudocapacitance. Theelectrochemical performance is investigated through a three-electrode cell system in a negative potential window (− 1.0 to0.0 V). A maximum specific capacitance of 209 F/g is calculated at a specific current of 1 A/g. The electrodes also exhibitexcellent cycling stability (79% specific capacitance retention after 3000 consecutive GCD cycles).