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Douglas Bardini Silveira,Álvaro José Celmer,Carla Maísa Camelini,Márcio José Rossi,José Carlos Cunha Petrus,Margarida Matos de Mendonça,Aguinaldo Roberto Pinto,Carlos Roberto Zanetti 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.4
Membrane technology has been applied to separate polysaccharides from Agaricus subrufescens (ASPs). The membrane-retained fractions and unfractionated preparations have been tested for in vitro immunological activity. Both the microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF1) membranes were able to separate high-molecular weight polysaccharides from fruiting body (ASP-FB) and submerge-fermented mycelium (ASP-SmF) extracts. All fractions showed immunostimulatory effects on RAW 264.7macrophages, measured by TNF-α, iNOs gene expression,and NO production. In contrast, antibody and proliferation levels in B lymphoblastoid SKW 6.4 cells were significantly increased after treatment with ASP-FB, but did not with ASP-SmF preparations. The ASPs- and LPS-induced stimulation could be differentiated by the finding that polymyxin B, a specific inhibitor of LPS, did not significantly affect the immunoactivating response and proliferation activity of ASPs on macrophages and B cells, respectively. Furthermore, the ASP-FB treatment was unable to induce IL-6 production by B cells unlike LPS activation, sustaining distinct signaling pathways for ASP-FB and LPS. The overall results provided additional information about the action of ASPs on the immune system and support the membrane method to separate and concentrate highmolecular weight ASPs for immunopharmacological and biotechnological applications.
THESEUS: A key space mission concept for Multi-Messenger Astrophysics
Stratta, G.,Ciolfi, R.,Amati, L.,Bozzo, E.,Ghirlanda, G.,Maiorano, E.,Nicastro, L.,Rossi, A.,Vinciguerra, S.,Frontera, F.,Gö,tz, D.,Guidorzi, C.,O’Brien, P.,Osborne, J.P.,Tanvir, N.,Branchesi, M. Elsevier 2018 ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH Vol.62 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The recent discovery of the electromagnetic counterpart of the gravitational wave source GW170817, has demonstrated the huge informative power of multi-messenger observations. During the next decade the nascent field of multi-messenger astronomy will mature significantly. Around 2030 and beyond, third generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors will be roughly ten times more sensitive than the current ones. At the same time, neutrino detectors currently upgrading to multi km<SUP>3</SUP> telescopes, will include a 10 km<SUP>3</SUP> facility in the Southern hemisphere. In this review, we describe the most promising sources of high frequency gravitational waves and neutrinos that will be detected in the next two decades. In this context, we show the important role of the <I>Transient High Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor</I> (THESEUS), a mission concept accepted by ESA for phase A study and proposed by a large international collaboration in response to the call for the Cosmic Vision Programme M5 missions. THESEUS aims at providing a substantial advancement in early Universe science as well as in multi–messenger and time–domain astrophysics, operating in strong synergy with future gravitational wave and neutrino detectors as well as major ground- and space-based telescopes. This review is an extension of the THESEUS white paper (Amati et al., 2017), also in light of the discovery of GW170817/GRB170817A that was announced on October 16th, 2017.</P>
Femtosecond Pulse Coupling to Near-Field Cantilevered Probes
M. Labardi,D. Polli,G. Cerullo,M. Allegrini,M. Zavelani-Rossi,O. Svelto,S. De Silvestri 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1
A novel nanoprobe for space- and time-resolved nonlinear optical spectroscopy has been developed. The nanoprobe is based on aperture-type SNOM using cantilevered sensors (“SNOM cantilevers”), capable to couple much higher power to the sample as compared to usual tapered fiber probes, along with negligible effect on femtosecond pulse duration, as directly assessed by secondorder fringe-resolved autocorrelation in the near field. The use of such nanosource for pump-probe near-field spectroscopy promises to improve both time and space resolution with respect to the current state-of-the-art setups.
THE FREQUENCY OF FIELD BLUE-STRAGGLER STARS IN THE THICK DISK AND HALO SYSTEM OF THE GALAXY
Santucci, Rafael M.,Placco, Vinicius M.,Rossi, Silvia,Beers, Timothy C.,Reggiani, Henrique M.,Lee, Young Sun,Xue, Xiang-Xiang,Carollo, Daniela IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.801 No.2
<P>We present an analysis of a new, large sample of field blue-straggler stars (BSSs) in the thick disk and halo system of the Galaxy, based on stellar spectra obtained during the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (SEGUE). Using estimates of stellar atmospheric parameters obtained from application of the SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline, we obtain a sample of some 8000 BSSs, which are considered along with a previously selected sample of some 4800 blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars. We derive the ratio of BSSs to BHB stars, F-BSS/BHB, as a function of Galactocentric distance and distance from the Galactic plane. The maximum value found for F-BSS/BHB is similar to 4.0 in the thick disk (at 3 kpc < vertical bar Z vertical bar < 4 kpc), declining to on the order of similar to 1.5-2.0 in the inner-halo region; this ratio continues to decline to similar to 1.0 in the outer-halo region. We associate a minority of field BSSs with a likely extragalactic origin; at least 5% of the BSS sample exhibit radial velocities, positions, and distances commensurate with membership in the Sagittarius Stream.</P>
Spectroscopic Validation of Low-metallicity Stars from RAVE
Placco, Vinicius M.,Beers, Timothy C.,Santucci, Rafael M.,Chanamé,, Julio,Sepú,lveda, Marí,a Paz,Coronado, Johanna,Points, Sean D.,Kaleida, Catherine C.,Rossi, Silvia,Kordopatis, Geo American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astronomical journal Vol.155 No.6
CHRONOGRAPHY OF THE MILKY WAY’S HALO SYSTEM WITH FIELD BLUE HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS
Santucci, Rafael M.,Beers, Timothy C.,Placco, Vinicius M.,Carollo, Daniela,Rossi, Silvia,Lee, Young Sun,Denissenkov, Pavel,Tumlinson, Jason,Tissera, Patricia B. IOP Publishing 2015 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.813 No.1
<P>In a pioneering effort, Preston et al. reported that the colors of blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars in the halo of the Galaxy shift with distance, from regions near the Galactic center to about 12 kpc away, and interpreted this as a correlated variation in the ages of halo stars, from older to younger, spanning a range of a few Gyrs. We have applied this approach to a sample of some 4700 spectroscopically confirmed BHB stars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to produce the first 'chronographic map' of the halo of the Galaxy. We demonstrate that the mean de-reddened g - r color, <(g - r)(0)>, increases outward in the Galaxy from -0.22 to -0.08 (over a color window spanning [-0.3: 0.0]) from regions close to the Galactic center to similar to 40 kpc, independent of the metallicity of the stars. Models of the expected shift in the color of the field BHB stars based on modern stellar evolutionary codes confirm that this color gradient can be associated with an age difference of roughly 2-2.5 Gyr, with the oldest stars concentrated in the central similar to 15 kpc of the Galaxy. Within this central region, the age difference spans a mean color range of about 0.05 mag (similar to 0.8 Gyr). Furthermore, we show that chronographic maps can be used to identify individual substructures, such as the Sagittarius Stream, and overdensities in the direction of Virgo and Monoceros, based on the observed contrast in their mean BHB colors with respect to the foreground/background field population.</P>
Evaluation of Urinary Sphincter Function by Rapid Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Florian A. Schmid,Ryszard S. Gomolka,Andreas M. Hötker,Andreas Boss,Thomas M. Kessler,Cristina Rossi,Daniel Eberli 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2020 International Neurourology Journal Vol.24 No.4
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a rapid diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for evaluation of the female urinary sphincter function based on differentiation between rest and muscle contraction. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lower pelvis was performed at 3 Tesla in 10 healthy female volunteers (21–36 years; body mass index, 20.8±3.6 kg/m2 ) between June and July 2019. High-resolution T1- and T2-weighted images were acquired for anatomical reference, and following DTI performed in 4 experiment phases: twice during rest (denoted rest- 1, rest-2) and contraction (contraction-1, contraction-2). Manual segmentation of the urinary sphincter and the levator ani muscles were performed by 2 independent readers. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values derived from DTI volumes were compared in search for significant differences between the experiment phases. Interreader agreement was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between MD values among all the experiment phases, by both independent readers (1st: X2 [3,76]=17.16, P<0.001 and 2nd: X2 [3,76]=15.88, P<0.01). Post hoc analysis revealed differences in MD values by both readers between: rest-1 vs. contraction-1 (least P<0.05), rest-1 vs. contraction-2 (P<0.01), rest-2 vs. contraction-1 (P<0.03), rest-2 vs. contraction-2 (P=0.02) with overall mean ‘rest’ to ‘contraction’ ΔMD=20.6%. No MD or FA differences were found between rest-1 vs. rest-2 and contraction-1 vs. contraction-2 among all the experiment phases, and interreader agreement was ICC=0.85 (MD) and ICC=0.79 (FA). Conclusions: Rapid DTI might prospectively act as a supporting tool for the evaluation of female pelvic floor muscle function, and incontinence assessment.
CLAS Collaboration,Pereira, S.A.,Mirazita, M.,Rossi, P.,De Sanctis, E.,Niculescu, G.,Niculescu, I.,Stepanyan, S.,Adhikari, K.P.,Aghasyan, M.,Anghinolfi, M.,Baghdasaryan, H.,Ball, J.,Battaglieri, M.,Be North-Holland Pub. Co 2010 Physics letters: B Vol.688 No.4
<P>Differential cross sections of the reaction gamma d -> K+Sigma(-)(p) have been measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab using incident photons with energies between 1.1 and 3.6 GeV. This is the first complete set of strangeness photoproduction data on the neutron covering a broad angular range. At energies close to threshold and up to E-gamma similar to 1.8 GeV. the shape of the angular distribution is suggestive of the presence of s-channel production mechanisms. For E-gamma > 1.8 GeV, a clear forward peak appears and becomes more prominent as the photon energy increases, suggesting contributions from t-channel production mechanisms. These data can be used to constrain future analysis of this reaction. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>