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특정 세균으로 유도된 백서의 치수염에서 T 세포 아군집의 분포와 interleukin-2, interferon-γ, interleukin-4의 수준에 관한 연구
김선아,임성삼 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.1
Immune response associated with bacterial infection involve inflammatory cells. Clinical symptoms and pathologic features are particularly influenced by the predominant cells. Among inflammatory cells. T cells have the heterogenity. T cells may develop into the mature cell expressing the cell surface markers with different functions and T helper cells are categorized into Th1 and Th2 cells based on their different patterns of cytokine production. The objective of this study was to investigate the change of expression of surface markers on T cells and the Th1/Th2 immune response in pulpal inflammation associated with specific bacteria. We experimentally induced pulpal inflammation in rat incisors by drilling without coolant and innoculated with Streptococcus mutans (S.M. group), Porphyromonas endodontalis (P.E.group), or only sterile cotton (control group). After 1, 2, and 5 days, mandibular incisors were extracted and the pulptissues were extirpated. The expressions of IL-2 recepters (CD25) and ICAM-1 (CD-54) on CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the pulps were determined using a flow cytometer, and the concentration of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-4 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were as follows; 1. In the S.M.group. CD4+ cells were more increased at 2nd day than 1st day and in the P.E.group, CD8+ cells were more increased at 2nd day than 1st day. 2. The percentages of CD4+, CD4+25+ and CD4_54+ cells were decreased in the pulp tissues at 5th day after irritation in all groups. 3. The ratios of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+/CD4+25+ and CD4+/CD4+54+ in the pulps at 2nd day after irritation by P.endodontalis were significantly lower than the other groups. 4. The higher concentrations of IFN-γ than IL-4 in the pulps at 2nd day after irritation by P.endodontalis showed that T helper 1 reaction were predominant in the early stage of the pulpal in flammation induced by P.endodontalis. 5. The higher concentrations of IL-4 than IFN-γ in the pulps at 1st day and 5th day after irritation by S.mutans were measured but the differences were not significant.
Lim, An Suk,Jeong, Hae Jin,Seong, Kyeong Ah,Lee, Moo Joon,Kang, Nam Seon,Jang, Se Hyeon,Lee, Kyung Ha,Park, Jae Yeon,Jang, Tae Young,Yoo, Yeong Du The Korean Society of Phycology 2017 ALGAE Vol.32 No.3
Occurrence of Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides have resulted in considerable economic losses in the aquaculture industry in many countries, and thus predicting the process of C. polykrikoides red tides is a critical step toward minimizing those losses. Models predicting red tide dynamics define mortality due to predation as one of the most important parameters. To investigate the roles of heterotrophic protists in red tide dynamics in the South Sea of Korea, the abundances of heterotrophic dinoflagellates (HTDs), tintinnid ciliates (TCs), and naked ciliates (NCs) were measured over one- or two-week intervals from May to Nov 2014. In addition, the grazing impacts of dominant heterotrophic protists on each red tide species were estimated by combining field data on red tide species abundances and dominant heterotrophic protist grazers with data obtained from the literature concerning ingestion rates of the grazers on red tide species. The abundances of HTDs, TCs, and NCs over the course of this study were high during or after red tides, with maximum abundances of 82, 49, and $35cells\;mL^{-1}$, respectively. In general, the dominant heterotrophic protists differed when different species caused red tides. The HTDs Polykrikos spp. and NCs were abundant during or after C. polykrikoides red tides. The mean and maximum calculated grazing coefficients of Polykrikos spp. and NCs on populations of co-occurring C. polykrikoides were $1.63d^{-1}$ and $12.92d^{-1}$, respectively. Moreover, during or after red tides dominated by the phototrophic dinoflagellates Prorocentrum donghaiense, Ceratium furca, and Alexandrium fraterculus, which formed serial red tides prior to the occurrence of C. polykrikoides red tides, the HTDs Gyrodinium spp., Polykrikos spp., and Gyrodinium spp., respectively were abundant. The maximum calculated grazing coefficients attributable to dominant heterotrophic protists on co-occurring P. donghaiense, C. furca, and A. fraterculus were 13.12, 4.13, and $2.00d^{-1}$, respectively. Thus, heterotrophic protists may sometimes have considerable potential grazing impacts on populations of these four red tide species in the study area.
Lim, Hoyong,Do, Seon Ah,Park, Sang Min,Kim, Young Sang The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2013 Immune Network Vol.13 No.2
IL-12 is a secretory heterodimeric cytokine composed of p35 and p40 subunits. IL-12 p35 and p40 subunits are sometimes produced as monomers or homodimers. IL-12 is also produced as a membrane-bound form in some cases. In this study, we hypothesized that the membrane-bound form of IL-12 subunits may function as a costimulatory signal for selective activation of TAA-specific CTL through direct priming without involving antigen presenting cells and helper T cells. MethA fibrosarcoma cells were transfected with expression vectors of membrane-bound form of IL-12p35 (mbIL-12p35) or IL-12p40 subunit (mbIL-12p40) and were selected under G418-containing medium. The tumor cell clones were analyzed for the expression of mbIL-12p35 or p40 subunit and for their stimulatory effects on macrophages. The responsible T-cell subpopulation for antitumor activity of mbIL-12p35 expressing tumor clone was also analyzed in T cell subset-depleted mice. Expression of transfected membranebound form of IL-12 subunits was stable during more than 3 months of in vitro culture, and the chimeric molecules were not released into culture supernatants. Neither the mbIL-12p35-expressing tumor clones nor mbIL-12p40-expressing tumor clones activated macrophages to secrete TNF-${\alpha}$. Growth of mbIL-12p35-expressing tumor clones was more accelerated in the $CD8^+$ T cell-depleted mice than in $CD4^+$ T cell-depleted or normal mice. These results suggest that $CD8^+$ T cells could be responsible for the rejection of mbIL-12p35-expressing tumor clone, which may bypass activation of antigen presenting cells and $CD4^+$ helper T cells.
Lim, Ji-Ae,Kwon, Ho-Jang,Ha, Mina,Kim, Ho,Oh, Se Young,Kim, Jeong Seon,Lee, Sang-Ah,Park, Jung-Duck,Hong, Young-Seoub,Sohn, Seok-Joon,Pyo, Heesoo,Park, Kyung Su,Lee, Kwang-Geun,Kim, Yong Dae,Jun, Sang The Korean Society of Environmental Toxicology 2015 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.30 No.-
Objectives: This survey was designed to conduct the first nationwide dietary exposure assessment on hazardous substances including the intakes of functional food and herbal medicine. In this paper, we introduced the survey design and the results of the dietary exposure status and internal exposure levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). Methods: We selected 4867 subjects of all ages throughout Korea. We conducted a food survey, dietary survey, biomonitoring, and health survey. Results: Pb and Cd were the highest (median value) in the seaweed ($94.2{\mu}g/kg$ for Pb; $594{\mu}g/kg$ for Cd), and Hg was the highest in the fish ($46.4{\mu}g/kg$). The dietary exposure level (median value) of Pb was $0.14{\mu}g/kg$ body weight (bw)/d, $0.18{\mu}g/kg$ bw/d for Cd, and $0.07{\mu}g/kg$ bw/d for Hg. Those with a blood Pb level of less than $5.00{\mu}g/dL$ (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reference value for those 1 to 5 years of age) were 99.0% of all the subjects. Those with a blood Cd level with less than $0.30{\mu}g/L$ (German Federal Environmental Agency, reference value for non-smoking children) were 24.5%. For those with a blood Hg level with less than $5.00{\mu}g/L$ (human biomonitoring I, references value for children and adults, German Federal Environmental Agency) was 81.0 % of all the subjects. Conclusions: The main dietary exposure of heavy metals occurs through food consumed in a large quantity and high frequency. The blood Hg level and dietary exposure level of Hg were both higher than those in the European Union.
재조합 인간 상피세포 성장인자(DWP 401)의 일반약리작용
천선아(Seon Ah Cheon),김상미(Sang Mee Kim),이은방(Eun Bang Lee),임승욱(Seung Wook Lim),유영효(Young Hyo Yu),박명환(Myung Hwan Park) 대한약학회 1995 약학회지 Vol.39 No.5
The recombinant human epidermal growth factor(DWP 401) was investigated on the pharmacological actions. DWP 401 had no effects on the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, locomotor activity, rotarod test, body temperature, analgesic action and anticonvulsant action in mice. It also had no influences on the isolated tracheal muscle and ileum of guinea-pig, isolated uterus and fundus strip of rats. Slight hypotensive action with effect on respiration was revealed at a dose of 8g/kg i.v. of DWP 401 in rabbits. DWP 401 exhibited a weak inhibitory action of glucose tolerance in normal rats, significantly lowered the blood glucose contents in adrenalectomized rats at a concentration of 160g/kg, and produced a significant inhibitory effect on leucocyte migration in CMC-pouch of rats at a concentration of 32g/rat. Furthermore, DWP 401 showed a significant decrease on gastric juice volume and acidity. However, DWP 401 had no intestinal propulsion rate and influence on urine excretion.