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Skin entrance dose for digital and film radiography in Korean dental schools
Cho, Eun-Sang,Choi, Kun-Ho,Kim, Min-Gyu,Lim, Hoi-Jeong,Yoon, Suk-Ja,,Kang, Byung-Cheol 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4
Purpose : This study was aimed to compare skin entrance dose of digital radiography with that of film radiography and to show the dose reduction achievement with digital systems at 11 dental schools in Korea. Materials and Methods : Forty six intraoral radiographic systems in 11 dental schools were included in this study. Digital sensors were used in 33 systems and film was used in 13 systems. Researchers and the volunteer visited 11 dental schools in Korea. Researchers asked the radiologic technician (s) at each school to set the exposure parameters and aiming the x-ray tube for the periapical view of the mandibular molar of the volunteer. The skin entrance doses were measured at the same exposure parameters and distance by the technician for each system with a dosimeter (Multi-O-Meter : Unfors instruments, Billdal, Sweden). Results : The median dose was 491.2 μGy for digital radiography and 1,205.0 μGy for film radiography. The skin entrance dose digital radiography was significantly lower than that of film radiography (p<0.05). Conclusion : Fifty-nine percent skin entrance dose reduction with digital periapical radiography was achieved over the film radiography in Korean dental schools.
Lim, Ah-Leum,Kim, Cheol-Hong,Hwang, Yong-Il,Lee, Chang-Youl,Choi, Jeong-Hee,Shin, Tae-Rim,Park, Yong-Bum,Jang, Seung-Hun,Park, Sang-Myeon,Kim, Dong-Gyu,Lee, Myung-Goo,Hyun, In-Gyu,Jung, Ki-Suck,Shin, The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.5
Background: Chest tube drainage (CTD) is an indication for the treatment of pneumothorax, hemothroax and is used after a thoracic surgery. But, in the case of incomplete lung expansion, and/or persistent air leak from CTD, medical or surgical thoracoscopy or, if that is unavailable, limited thoracotomy, should be considered. We evaluate the efficacy of bronchoscopic injection of ethanolamine to control the persistent air leak in patients with CTD. Methods: Patients who had persistent or prolonged air leak from CTD were included, consecutively. We directly injected 1.0 mL solution of 5% ethanolamine oleate into a subsegmental or its distal bronchus, where it is a probable air leakage site, 1 to 21 times using an injection needle through a fiberoptic bronchoscope. Results: A total of 15 patients were enrolled; 14 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax [idiopathic 9, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 3, post-tuberculosis 2] and one case of empyema associated with broncho-pleural fistula. Of these, five were patients with persistent air leak from CTD, just after a surgical therapy, wedge resection with plication for blebs or bullae. With an ethanolamine injection therapy, 12 were successful but three (idiopathic, COPD and post-tuberculosis) failed, and were followed by a surgery (2 cases) or pleurodesis (1 case). Some adverse reactions, such as fever, chest pain and increased radiographic opacities occurred transiently, but resolved without any further events. With success, the time from the procedure to discharge was about 3 days (median). Conclusion: Bronchoscopic ethanolamine injection therapy may be partially useful in controlling air leakage, and reducing the hospital stay in patients with persistent air leak from CTD.
Investigation of detection wavelength of Quantum Well Infrared-Photodetector
Sung Ho Hwang,Jae Gu Lim,Jin Dong Song,Jae Cheol Shin,Du Chang Heo,최원준 한국진공학회 2015 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.24 No.6
We report on GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) that can cover the spectral range of 3.6-25 μm. One advantage of the GaAs QWIPs is the wavelength tenability as a function of their structural parameters. We have performed a systematic calculation on the detection wavelength of a typical GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs multi-quantum-well photodetector, with the aluminum mole fraction (x) of AlxGa1-xAs barrier in the range of 0.15- 0.43 and the quantum-well width range from 30 to 60 Å. Design and fabrication of a QWIP based on GaAs/Al0.23Ga0.77As structure with 37 Å-thick well width has been carried out. The calculated operation wavelength of the QWIP is in a good agreement with the experimental data taken by photo response and activation energy calculation from thermal quenching of integrated photoluminescence.
Lim, Chang-Su,Chun, Jeong-Seon,Sung, Soo-Kyung,Lee, Kyu-Cheol,Lee, Chan-Hee Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1997 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.30 No.2
Transforming growth $factor-{\beta}\;(TGF-{\beta})$ is a multifunctional polypeptide that exerts biological roles including cell proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix deposition and apoptosis in many different cell types. $TGF-{\beta}$, although known as a negative growth regulator, has not been tested in human embryo lung (HEll cells. This study attempts to understand the role of $TGF-{\beta}$ on growth control of HEL cells in relationship to tyrosine phosphorylation pattern of cellular proteins. In density-arrested HEL cells treated with $TGF-{\beta}$, analysis of Western immunoblot showed induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of two major cellular proteins (15 kDa and 45 kDa). In normal proliferating HEL cells with different concentrations of serum, further analysis indicated that the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of a 45 kDa protein was regulated in serum concentration-dependent manner. However, in proliferating HEL cells treated with $TGF-{\beta}$, tyrosine phosphorylation of 45 kDa was down-regulated. Calcium involvement in the regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of 45 kDa and 15 kDa proteins was also examined. Tyrosine phosphorylation of 15 kDa protein but not of 45 kDa protein was regulated by exogenous calcium. The level of tyrosine phosphorylation of 15 kDa protein was low at reduced caclium concentration and high at elevated caclium concentration. $TGF-{\beta}$ reversed the pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation of 15 kDa protein. These results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of 45 and 15 kDa proteins in HEL cells may be controlled depending on the physiological status of the cells, i.e., low in arrested cells and high in proliferating cells. And the tyrosine phosphorylation of the two proteins appears to be down- or up-regulated by $TGF-{\beta}$.
A physiological approach to the effect of emotion on time series judgmental forcecasting EEG and GSR
Lim, Joa-Sang,Whang, Min-Cheol,Park, Hung-Kook,Lee, Hyun-Sook Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility 1998 감성과학 Vol.1 No.1
시계열 예측은 효과적인 기업 경영에 반드시 필요한 활동이지만, 이와 관련 인간의 인지처리 과정에 대한 연구는 아직까지 미비하다. 본 연구는 인간 감성이 시계열 예측에 미치는 영향을 탐색하였다. 본 실혐에서는 반복을 통한 2(감성) x 2(횟수) 팩토리얼 설계를 채택하였다. 감성은 청각, 시각, 후각자극을 통해 환경을 조성하고 준비된 시나리오를 연상케하여 유발시켰다. 12명의 대학, 대학원생이 실험에 참여하였으며, 감성의 영향을 탐색하기 위해 뇌파(EEG)와 피부저항(GSR)이 후두엽(Oz)과 전두엽(Fz)에서 측정되었다. 그 결과 인간의 감성은 예측에 유의적인 영향을 보였다. 즉, 피험자가 부정적인 감성을 갖을 때 긍정적인 감성에 비해 예측의 정확성이 높은 경향이 있었다. 그 이유는 부정적 감성일 경우 전두엽에서 베타가 많이 출현하였고, 이는 시계열 예측의 정확도를 향상시키는 역할을 하였다.
Synthesis of homovanillic amide derivatives and their analgesic activity
Lim, Hee-Jong,Jung, Young-Sik,Ha, Deok-Chan,Seong, Churl-Min,Lee, Jong-Cheol,Choi, Jin-Il,Choi, Seung-Won,Han, Man-So,Lee, Kwang-Sook,Park, No-Sang The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1996 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.19 No.3
In the previous reports (Park et al., 1991, and 1993), we described the synthesis and analgesic effects of various homovanillic amides as analogs of capsaicin. In the study, we tried to enhance the analgesic actvity of capsaicin by structural modification. Our study has been performed in three directions. First, the amide bond of capsaicin was transposed. Second, a phenyl ring was introduced to replace a double bond of capsaicin. Finally, aminoethylation was performed on 4-hydroxy group of capsaicin to improve oral bioavailability. These studies have led to N-(3-phenylpropyl)homovanillic amide 2 which has high analgesic activity. Our continuing efforts in this area have focused on the introduction of various substituents on the phenyl ring of 2 as well as their pharmacological studies. We report herein the synthesis of homovanillic amide derivatives and their analgesic activity.
( Sang Eun Lee ),( Jung Min Lim ),( Hee Cheol Kang ),( Sang Yo Byun ),( Kyung Real Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2
Background: Methods to measure the effectiveness ofcleansing products are few and not standardized. Objectives: To develop and compare a new test method to measure the efficacy of cleansing products using a dermoscopy image analysis of cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping (CSSS) and the existing methods including chromameter and mexameter. Methods: 25 subjects were enrolled. The cleaning efficacy of cleansing products was assessed against model dirt by measuring lightness using a chromameter and melanin index using a mexameter before and after wash. CSSS samples of the washed spot were imaged using a dermoscopy and analyzed by digital image analysis. Residual dirt was determined as the pixels numbers calculated for the area of the image and cleansing efficacy(%) was reported as 100-%area measured by Image J. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the agreement between methods. The reproducibility of each method was also assessed. Results: The ICC between the cleansing efficacy obtained from a dermoscopy image analysis of CSSS and the existing methods (0.826 with chromameter and 0.731 with mexameter) was high (>0.6). The coefficients of variability of cleansing efficacy measured by a dermoscopy image analysis of CSSS, chromameter, and mexameter were 4.87, 14.34, and 17.86%, respectively. Conclusion: This new method shows high agreement with existing methods and shows a higher reproducibility than existing methods.
( Cheol-kyu Park ),( Joon-young Yoon ),( Ji-eun Kim ),( Min-seok Kim ),( Bo-geon Koh ),( Ha-young Park ),( Tae-ok Kim ),( Hong-joon Shin ),( Yong-soo Kwon ),( In-jae Oh ),( Yu-il Kim ),( Sung-chul Lim 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-
Background: Existing criteria for response assessment (RECIST v1.1) have limitations in differentiating categories of disease progression upon immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment: primary resistance, pseudoprogression or hyperprogression (HPD). This study was aimed to investigate a real-world feasibility of pre- and on-treatment tumor kinetics for ICIs-specific response assessment in NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively recruited stage III/IV NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy after failure of first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy (n=91) between June 2016 and October 2018. We analyzed tumor kinetics prior and upon ICI treatment using ratio of tumor growth rate (TGR ratio, TGRR), tumor growth kinetics (TGK ratio, TGK<sub>R</sub>) and difference in TGR (delta TGR, ΔTGR), respectively. HPD was defined as TGRR ≥2, TGK<sub>R</sub> ≥2 and ΔTGR >50%. Results: After excluding 18 patients without CT scan after start of ICIs, 73 patients were enrolled. Overall response rate by RECIST v1.1 was 16.4% (12/73) and disease control rate was 62% (45/73). HPD patients was 12% (9/73) and 15% (11/73) when defined by TGRR and TGK<sub>R</sub>, respectively. There was no HPD patients defined by ΔTGR. HPD patients classified by each criterion were associated with shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) according to iRECIST (TGRR ≥2, 1.6 vs 2.1 months, p<0.001; TGK<sub>R</sub> ≥2, 1.6 vs 2.1 months, p<0.001) and median overall survival (OS) than non-HPD-PD patients (TGRR ≥2, 2.4 vs 5.2 months, p=0.002; TGK<sub>R</sub> ≥2, 2.4 vs 5.2 months, p=0.002). There was no pseudoprogression in patients classified as HPD. Conclusion: HPD defined by pre- and on-treatment tumor kinetics was observed in 12-15% of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with second-line ICI monotherapy, and correlated with shorter PFS and OS. TGR and TGK could classify HPD patients from non-HPD PD with similar discriminability. Further studies are needed to investigate clinical and molecular determinants that distinguish HPD from non-HPD PD and pseuoprogression.