중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 분석

최경희,박종윤,최병순,남정희,최경순,이기순 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용이 실제로 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지를 관찰ㆍ분석하여 이에 대한 특징을 추출함으로써 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 수업 분석 준거를 개발하였으며, 8명의 과학 교사의 수업 12차시를 관찰 및 녹화하였으며, 교사와의 면담을 실시하였다. 수업 분석 결과, 관찰한 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용은 주로 교사의 단순 확인/기억 질문, 학생의 단답형 응답, 교사의 즉각적 피드백이 주를 이루었다. 교사가 사고 질문을 하고 지연 피드백을 부여 하는 경우 학생들이 자신의 생각을 드러내고 이를 기반으로 사고를 진전시켜 나갈 수 있었으나 이러한 사례는 그 수가 상당히 적었다. 교사들은 학생들의 사고를 유발하고 이를 진전시키기 위한 노력보다는 수업 내용을 논리적 흐름에 맞추어 체계적으로 제시하는 것에 더 큰 중점을 두는 경향이 있었다. 또한 관찰한 수업에서 교사가 시범 실험, 모형 혹은 실물 수업자료 등을 활용할 때 보다 많은 수의 학생들이 적극적으로 수업에 참여하여 자신의 생각을 드러내었으나 교사가 학생들의 생각을 바탕으로 학생들의 사고과정을 진전시켜 나가는 과정을 도모하지 않음으로써 학생들의 사고과정을 단절시키는 경우가 많았다. 따라서 수업 활동과 수업 자료 활용이 효과를 거두기 위해서는 각각의 활용에 있어서 학생들과 구체적으로 어떠한 상호 작용을 형성해야 하는지에 대해 연구가 이루어져야하며, 또한 교사는 교사의 질문이나 피드백이 학생들의 학습에 중요한 역할을 함을 인식해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze verbal interaction between teachers and students in order to collect qualitative data on the characteristics of the interaction to enhance teaching efficacy. Total of 12 classes of eight science teachers were observed and were interviewed. The classes were video taped and all the verbal interactions were transcribed. The transcribed content and interviews were further analyzed to draw any conclusions on the verbal interaction between teachers and students. Analysis criteria for the data on the class and interview were developed based on the literature review and applied to analyze the collected content. The analyzed data showed that verbal interactions composed of confirmation questions for memorization, students' short responses and teacher's immediate feedbacks. The results of the study also suggested that there needs to be further studies on the interactional techniques for teacher in utilizing the class materials and activities. The teachers should acknowledge the importance of the questions and feedbacks of teachers for students to stimulate their sound learning through literatures.

저소득층 취업모 자기보호 아동의 사회적 능력 , 또래관계 및 정서발달

최경순(Kyung Soon Choi),정현희(Hyeon Hee Jeong) 한국아동학회 1996 兒童學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

This study investigated social competence, peer contacts, and emotional development in children of lower SES employed mothers. Instruments were Choi`s (1992) questionnaire on social competence, Pettit`s (1988) questionnaire on peer contacts, and Kang`s (1986) and Kim`s (1993) questionnaires on emotional development. The data was analyzed by t-test. Social class differences were found in children`s social capability, leadership and anxiety, in peer contacts, and in emotional disturbance and aggression.

팔당호의 생태학적 수질환경의 변화와 미생물 분포

허성남,민경희,유재근,최순영 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.10

팔당호의 생태학적 환경요인의 계절적인 변화를 분석하므로서 이것으로 인한 식물성 플랑크톤의 연관성을 고찰과 함께 오염과정을 파악하여 수질오염의 예방의 기초자료를 얻고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1994년 4월부터 1995년 10월까지 계절별로 3개 지점에서 시료를 채취하여 표층부와 저층부의 수질을 분석하였다 용존산소(DO)와 pH는 각각 7.0-11.6 ㎎/ℓ와 6.9-8.9의 범위이었으며 COD와 BOD농도는 각각 1.6-4.8 ㎎/ℓ와 0.8-2.9 ㎎/ℓ이었으며,SS는 1.8-8.6 ㎎/ℓ의 농도차를 보여 주었다. 또한 NH₃-N와 PO₄-P의 농도는 각각 0.161-0.478 ㎎/ℓ와 0.003-0.073 ㎎/ℓ이었다. 표층의 chlorophyll a의 농도는 낮게는 북한강 유입부위인 12.3 ㎎/ℓ로부터 가장 높은 경안천 유입부위 23.8 ㎎/ℓ의 범위를 보여주고 있다. pH,전도도, COD, BOD, SS ,총인, chlorophyll a의 농도는 하계절에 가장 높았으며 이 결과로 미루어 보아 하계절에는 하천에 오염물질이 가장 많이 유입되는 것으로 추정된다. Station별로 조사한 결과 이들의 농도는 경안천 하류인 St. 3가 남한강 하류인 St. 2이나 댐지역의 St. 4보다 높은 결과를 보여 주었으므로 경안천 상류에서 오염원이 가장 많이 유입되는 것으로 추정된다. 아울러 종속영양세균의 분포도 경안천이 다른 지역보다 가장 높게 나타났다. Seasonal variation of water quality was examined in the reservoir, lake Paldang on Han River, the inlet stations from three rivers, North Han River, South Han liver, Kyung-An stream, and the station of dam area of the lake. Water samples were collected bimonthly from surface and bottom layers at four different stations of the lake Paldang from April 1993 to August 1994. With respect to the seasonal variation, pH, conductivity, and concentrations of COD, BOD, SS, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a were higher in summer compared with those of autumn or other seasons, while concentrations of DO, NH₃-N, and PO₄-P were increased in winter. Concentrations of COD, BOD, chlorophyll a, total nitrogen and phosphorus were the highest at the station of Kyung-An stream rather than those of other three stations. The average concentrations of chlorophyll a surface water were from 12.3 ㎎/ℓ at North Han River to 23.8 ㎎/ℓ at Kyung-An stream. Heterotrophic bacterial distribution showed higher at the station of Kyung-An steam than those of South Han River and the dam station of the lake.

아동의 사회적 능력 및 관련변인에 관한 연구

최경순 新羅大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.38 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the social competence of children in comparison with demogrpic variables related. Subjects were 721 5th and 6th grade children and their mothers in Busan. Assement of child's social competencs by the mothers was by the modified Iowa Social Competency scale. Data were analyzed by t-test, F-test, Pearson's ? Duncan's multiple range test, and Cronbach's ?using the SPSS+ computer program. The main results were as follow:(1)There were significant differences in social competence according to children's sex, children's birth order, number of sibling, and sex of sibling. (2)There were no significant differences according by mother's job existence or nonexistence in children's social competence. (3)There were significant differences in children's social competence according to degree of father's child-rearing envolvement. (4)There were significant differences in children's social competence acording to structure of family and socioeconomic status.

아동이 지각한 아버지의 양육행동 및 참여척도개발을 위한 기초조사 연구

최경순,오미경 新羅大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.32 No.1

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the validity of the scale which measure father's child rearing behaviors and father's involvemint in child rearing perceived by their children. The subjects of this study are 1280 primary school children in Pusan. Questionnaires are used in order to collect data. The data were analyzed by t-test, F-test, Pearson's r, Duncan's Multiple Range test, factor analysis, Cronbach's α using SPSS computer program. The main results are as follows: 1. To validate the validity of the scale, primarily the mean, standard deviation, relative frequency distribution of the respective items, and Cronbach's α were computed. As the result, 32 items were selected in father's child rearing behaviors and 30 items were selected in the degree of father's involvement. Secondarily, the procedure of factor analysis was applied. consequently, 6 subscales 30 items, 4 subscales 27items were selected respectively. Total variance of 6 subscales and 4 subscale was 48.5% and 50.7% respectively. Reliability of scales was computed by Cronbach's α and the level was relatively considered satisfactory. Hence, subscales named runs as follow ; Father's child-rearing Behaviors Inventory consists of factorⅠ-'affection', factorⅡ-'interest', factorⅢ-'autonomy', factorⅣ-'achievement', factorⅤ-'academic guidance', factorⅥ-'expectation'. The Degree of the Father's Involvement Inventory consists of factorⅠ-'activity of family', factorⅡ-'paly partner', factorⅢ-'sociality guidance', factorⅣ-'household affairs'. 2. Practically, to applicate scale, difference test were conducted according to sex of the children, jobs of the parents, ages of parents, degree of the parent education, SES in father's child rearing behavior and father's involvement separately. As the result, there were variously differences according to demographic variables.

지역적 특성을 고려한 보육시설모형에 관한 연구

최경순,황연숙,정지영 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 自然科學論文集 Vol.6 No.-

This study aims to grasp the present condition of nurseries, to investigate and analyse case studies, to suggest standards and reform measures, and based on these, to produce basic information for the formation of an architectural spatial model. Data were collected through questionnaire survey including observations and interviews. The sample consisted of 82 Child Care Centers. The data were analized by using SPSS-PC program. The major findings were as follows : (1) The facility and equipments in the child care centers were insufficient for children's development. (2) Most of child care centers are not in the desirable Interior environment. To enhance the quality of child care centers, the physical interior environment of child care centers should be influence on the development of child. (3) Functional spaces should be organized to support the child' behavior. Multi-purposed room should be provide to encourage and adapt to variety of large-muscle activities. (4) Interior findings looks too monotonous and do not have characteristics. Natural materials, various colors and patterns are recommendable. Furniture should be designed to meet the functions of flexibility, mobility, and security.

兒童發達에 따른 父親의 役割 : 兒童의 攻擊性·依存性·社會性을 中心으로

崔耕順 新羅大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The following study treats the role of the father in childhood development. Through field studies of social and emotional behaviour, I observed how the presence of the father influences the personal and social development of children. Before beginning my research in Japan, I conducted a similar study on Korean children. Its results left me with several un answered questions. These and the study itself provided a basis from which I began my research in Japan. In the future, these two separate studies should allow me to compare the father-child relationships in Korea and Japan. I focused on aggression, dependency and sociability of children between the ages of three, four and five, a period considered to be formative in a child`s social development. Employing the statistical data taken from my field work, I first compared the differences between children in families with fathers and those that were fatherless. Next, I contrasted the child-rearing patterns of married parents with those of single mothers. Lastly, I studied the behaviour of fathers toward their children. I classified these observations according to the structure of the family-those with and those without fathers-, the sex and the age of the children. My conclusions are the following: (1) the behaviour of the children On the whole, there was no significant difference in aggression, dependency and sociability between the group of children without and with fathers. However, in detail, a remarkable difference became apparent. 1. Aggresion - In the fatherless families children tended to express their aggressions in indirect and verbal ways. Boys in families with fathers tended to express aggression physically. - The lower the age of children in two-parent families the more frequent they expressed their aggression toward objects. Boys tended to be more aggressive than girls. - In the group of the four-year olds of fatherless families, verbal indirect aggression and aggression toward objects was high. There was no significant difference between boys and girls, but boys tended to grow more aggressive with age. 2. Dependency - The children of fatherless families tended to be very dependent and grew increasingly so with age. - In two-parent families, there was an indirect relationship between age and dependency. Girls tended to be more dependent than boys. - The four-year olds of fatherless families tended to be especially dependent. On the whole, the sex of the child made no difference. But the three-year old girls tended to want attention and physical contact. 3. Sociability - Children of fatherless families tended to be the most participant while those with fathers were more affable. - Children with fathers tended to grow increasingly role taking and affable with age. - Both boys and girls without fathers were very participating. Girls grew more cooperative and less affable with age. Conclusion In the two groups observed, there were differences in the children`s behaviour and the child-rearing patterns. The relationship between fathers and children was weak. Overall, children were cooperative with their mothers. This study clearly demonstrates that fathers and mothers have different influences on their children. The parents had a direct influence on the patterns of aggression and dependency in their children`s behaviour. Because the roles of the father and mother have become less rigid in modern times, I was unable to establish a causal relationship between the father`s influence on the children, distinguished from the mother`s. That is, which behaviours could be attributed to the father`s influence and which to the mother`s remained unclear. While the fathers role in the family seems important, one can not negate the possibility of having this role played by another person. I have shown in this study that whether a child has two parents or one directly influences his or her development. My study does not yet clarify whether or not a parent`s role can be substituted by another person.

옆 트림 저고리 변천에 관한 고찰

崔景順,李順德 慶一大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.16 No.4

Investigation was made on how the relatively long Cheogori with side-cut formed a Dangeui, a style indigenous to Korea, through what kind of modification according to the current of the times and following is the summary of the result. From Koryo dynasty, side-cut Cheogori started to be given and this resulted from that the length of Cheogori began to be shortened, I think. Then the width seemed to be relatively wide. Since then, gradually the length of Cheogori became long and hem part of front and rear was changed to curvilnear style as the width gradually got narrow and even the cut of the side-line was extended up to the armhole part. This has been called as Cheogori, Tangcheogori and before one knows when, the name was changed to Dangeui. Regarding the name, research on the terms needs to be made again hereafter. Accordingly it can be understood that side-open coat was made among the Korean traditional Cheogori by side-open and according to the current of the times, open of the side-line got deep as its width became narrow and straight-line was changed to curved line. Accordingly both edges of the hem line came up to the inside of the collar and formed present curvilinear style. The style of collar was changed to square type collar and half-square type collar and Dangko collar in order, whcih formed and almost same mode as the collar change of other kind of coat.

淸朝 乾隆 43년 『천대당안』 服飾硏究

최경순 服飾文化學會 2004 服飾文化硏究 Vol.12 No.1

The following is a summary of comparative study on costumes between 『Cheng-Hoe-Jeon-Do』 and 『Chen-De-dang-an』 in Gun-Ryung 41st, 42nd and 43rd year to find out costume situation actually worn by Emperor Gun-Ryuug in Qing dynasty. In Gun-Ryuug 41st year, Emperor's costumes showed a sign of royal tour robes. In 42nd year, a phase of mourning robe system came out and a plain side of costumes was shown owing to the mourning. In 43rd year, it showed costume situation worn by Emperor in peaceful year without any particular event. Velvet, material for traveling crown was used in a short time before and after the change of the season besides royal tour and this can be understood as a well-timed and reasonable selection of material. Eventhough robe material, Jik-kyung-Ji-chack-sa(a kind of silk) had been used for summer robes since Gun-Ryung 42nd year. Memorial costumes followed Emperor's court costume system Ⅰ in 『Cheng-Hoe-Jeon-Do』 and court belt Ⅰ or Ⅱ as memorial suit belt was used for the memorial costume of Emperor Gun-Ryung and they properly applied of the costume system in 『Cheng-Hoe-Jeon-Do』 for coats.

밀도의 개념 변화에 미치는 순환학습의 효과

최병순,홍순경 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1991 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Learning Cycle approach to change the concept of density. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Students already had various types of preconception related to density before formal learning. These preconceptions mostly differ from scientific concepts. 2) Male students were much better than female ones in the development of scientific concepts before formal learning. These differences were found statistically significant(P<0.01). 3) The higher the cognitive level of the students, the better the development of scientific concepts. 4) In the change of preconceptions to scientific concepts by treatment, there was significant difference between control group and experimental group at the 0.05 level. It was found that Learning Cycle approaches were more effective than traditional approaches in acquiring the concept of density. 5) It was found that there was no significant difference on the retention level of the concept of density between control group and experimental group.