The Effect of Prepartum Diet on Nitrogen and Major Mineral Balance of Dairy Cows during Parturition in Summer

Kamiya, Y.,Kamiya, M.,Tanaka, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.10

Proper nutritional management during the dry period is required to prevent metabolic disorders during the time of parturition and for potential increase milk yield during early lactation, especially under the heat of summer. The effect of prepartum diets on partitioning of nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) during dry period and early lactation in summer was investigated. Nine cows were assigned to two groups and fed either control (group C: four cows) or high concentrate (group H: five cows) diets to meet 110% of their requirements before parturition. The proportion of concentrate in control diet was 35%, and that in the high concentrate diet was 45%. After parturition, all cows were fed the same diets ad libitum during lactation. Balance trials were conducted at 9, 8 and 7 days before parturition and at 12, 13 and 14 days after parturition. Before parturition, dry matter intake (DMI), DM and NFE digestibility in group C tended to be lower than those in group H. The retention of N (p<0.01) and P (p<0.05) in group C during the dry period was significantly lower than those in group H. The retention of Mg in group C during the dry period tended to be lower than in group H. The concentration of plasma NEFA in group C tended to be higher than in group H during dry period. The prepartum diet did not have an apparent effect on DMI and milk yield at 2 weeks after parturition and N, Ca, P, Mg and K balance after parturition.

Milk Protein Production and Plasma 3-Methylhistidine Concentration in Lactating Holstein Cows Exposed to High Ambient Temperatures

Kamiya, Mitsuru,Kamiya, Yuko,Tanaka, Masahito,Shioya, Shigeru Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.8

This experiment was performed to examine the influences of high ambient temperature on milk production, nutrient digestibility, energy and protein sufficiency ratio, and plasma metabolites concentration in lactating cows. In a $2{\times}2$ crossover design, four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were maintained in a chamber under treatment of constant moderate ($18^{\circ}C$) ambient temperature (MT) or high ($28^{\circ}C$) ambient temperatures (HT). The DMI and milk protein yield were significantly lower in HT (p<0.05). The milk yield, milk lactose yield, and milk SNF yield tended to be lower in HT (p<0.10). No statistical differences for 4% fat-corrected milk and milk fat yield were observed. Rectal temperatures were significantly higher in HT than MT (p<0.05). The apparent DM, OM, ether extract, CF, and ash digestibility did not differ between treatments. On the other hand, the apparent CP digestibility was increased significantly (p<0.05) and nitrogen free extract tended to increase (p<0.10) in HT. The sufficiency ratio of ME and DCP intake for each requirement tended to be lower in HT than in MT (p<0.10). Concentrations of total protein (TP), albumin, and urea nitrogen in plasma did not differ between treatments. Plasma 3-methylhistidine (3MH) concentration as a marker of myofibrillar protein degradation tended to be higher in HT (p<0.15). In conclusion, high ambient temperature was associated with a lower energy and protein sufficiency ratio, and decreased milk protein production, even though the body protein mobilization tended to be higher.

Present status and prospect of Immunization in Japan

Kamiya, Hitoshi The Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Disease 1994 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.1 No.1

Extension of the adaptive boundary element scheme for the problem with mixed boundary conditions

Kamiya, N.,Aikawa, Y.,Kawaguchi, K. Techno-Press 1996 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.4 No.2

This paper presents a construction of adaptive boundary element for the problem with mixed boundary conditions such as heat transfer between heated body surface and surrounding medium. The scheme is based on the sample point error analysis and on the extended error indicator, proposed earlier by the authors for the potential and elastostatic problems, and extended successfully to multidomain and thermoelastic analyses. Since the field variable is connected with its derivative on the boundary, their errors are also interconnected by the specified condition. The extended error indicator on each boundary element is modified to meet with the situation. Two numerical examples are shown to indicate the differences due to the prescribed boundary conditions.

일본 노동시장의 변화와 정책대응

Kamiya Hiroo 한국경제지리학회 2006 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.9 No.3

In this paper, first I try to sketch the changing Japanese labor market after 1990s, and then examine the so-called "Job Caf program" in detail, which was initiated in 2004 by central and local governments to help young people find suitable jobs, and finally investigate the possible direction for future labor policy as an important tool for revitalize the local economy. Latter half of 1990s witnessed the high unemployment rate among the population aged twenties in Japan, and the number of 'shinsotsu-mugyo', i.e. population not at work after completing high school or university, NEET (not in employment, education or training) and 'freeters' have grown rapidly. "Job Caf program" was initiated as a public response to the increased youth unemployment, aiming at assisting young people's transition from education to career. In the job cafprogram, job information service by MHLW, information service for high school students and university students by MEXT, placement service of career internship by METI are integrated into one service, and are provided by local government initiative, therefore named as "one stop service of employment". Although it is highly appreciated for one stop service, the job caf program has criticized for paying too much attention to the performance of projects, such asthe number of users, and the number of successful job matching. At the final section of the paper, more practical spatial unit for executing effective regional plan on local employment and more empirical research on job search behavior are discussed. 본 연구에서는 거품경제의 붕괴 이후 일본 노동시장의 변화를 개관하고, 점차 늘어나는 청년실업대책으로써 2004년 중앙정부와 지방자치단체가 공동으로 실시한「Job-cafe사업」 을 분석하였다. 그리고 지역정책으로서의 노동정책은 앞으로 어떻게 수립되고 실시되어야 하는가를 논의하였다. 일본에서는 거품경제의 붕괴 이후 청년 실업률이 상승하여「新卒無業」과「NEET」가 급격하게 증가하였다. 그 결과 졸업 후에 원활하게 취직할 수 있도록 하기 위하여「Job-cafe사업」을 실시하게 되었다. 「Job-cafe사업」은 후생성의구직정보 서비스, 경제산업성의 취직인턴정보 서비스, 문부과학성의 취업알선 서비스를 통합하여, 지방자치단체가 주도적으로 추진하

Improvement of nutritional value and functional properties of soybean glycinin by protein engineering

Kamiya,Seigo,Kito,Makoto,Kim,Chan-Shick,Utsumi,Shigeru,Sato,Toshiro 濟州大學校 放射能利用硏究所 1991 연구보고 Vol.6 No.-

글리시닌은 大豆의 주요 貯藏 단백질중의 하나이다. 글리시닌의 機能特性(겔화성과 乳化性)과 營養價를 改善하기 위하여 A1aB1b proglycinin subunit를 여러 종류의 콩과식물 혹은 비콩과식물의 단백질 그리고 글리시닌의 構造와 機能特性과의 상관관계로부터 글리시닌 형태의 글로블린의 아미노산 배열의 비교로부터 제안된 유전적으로 可變領域의 domain을 기초로 하여 改變하였다. 그러므로 각 可變領域에 상당하는 핵산 염기배열을 A1aB1b proglycinin을 code하고 있는 cDNA로부터 削除하거나, 4개의 연속된 methionine을 code하고 있는 合成 DNA를 각각의 可變領域의 domain에 상당하는 cDNA 領域에 揷入하였다. 改變된 cDNA의 발현 plasmid를 調製하고 대장균 JM 105에서 發現하였다. 改變된 단백질의 몇종류는 대장균체내에서 溶解性 단백질로 축적되었으며 self-assemble하였다. 改變된 단백질들은 자연에 있는 대두 글리시닌보다도 우수한 機能特性을 나타내었으며 이론적으로 高品質인 글리시닌을 創製하는 可能性을 확립하였다. Glycinin is one of the predominant storage proteins of soybean. To improve its functional properties (heat-induced gelation and emulsification) and/or nutritional value, the A??B?? proglycinin subunit was modified on the basis of genetically variable domains suggested from the comparison of amino acid sequences of glycinin-type globulins from ???? legumes and nonlegumes and the relationships between the structure and the functional properties of glycinin. Thus, nucleotide sequences corresponding to each of the variable domains were deleted from the cDNA encoding the A??B?? proglycinin, and a synthetic DNA encoding four continuous methionines was inserted into the cDNA region corresponding to each of the variable domains. Expression plasmids carrying the modified cDNAs were constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli strain JM105. Some of the modified proteins were accumulated as soluble proteins in the cells at a high level and self-assembled. They exhibited functional properties superior to those of the native glycinin from soybean, which establishes the possibility of creating theoretically designed novel glycinins with high food qualities.

On the Problems of Korean Unification

Kamiya, Fuji 영남대학교 통일문제연구소 1971 統一問題硏究 Vol.2 No.-

李石薫の作品における女性像の変遷 -1940年前後の小説を中心に-

kamiya miho 동아시아일본학회 2016 일본문화연구 Vol.0 No.58

Lee Seok-hoon is an author known for writing in dual languages during the Japanese colonial era. His view, which opposed the new theory declared by the Empire of Japan, appeared in the novels he released during that period and offered a glimpse of his mental conflict. Lee often presented his main characters as weak women, an opinion with which he agreed and one we find reminiscent of the relations between Korea and Japan in that era. The image of women has changed somewhat since the publication of Chunso, which was released in 1940. In Chunso, the ‘modern girl’ supported women of the traditional style, and those women attempted to transform themselves into ‘modern girls.’ However, Lee soon began depicting the ‘modern girl’ as a symbol of Western culture, which was considered to be both a negative and a denial of the past. Lee then portrayed women as the ‘good wife and wise mother’ type after the National Mobilization Law was proclaimed by the Empire of Japan. He also mentioned a strong attachment to his hometown; writing and maintaining Korean culture were important to him.

CO-BRANDING BETWEEN PRIVATE LABELS AND NATIONAL BRANDS: DOES A CO-BRANDING STRATEGY IMPROVE CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD PRIVATE LABELS IN JAPAN?

Wataru Kamiya 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Introduction A private label (PL) is defined as a brand owned, sold and distinguished by retailers (Lincoln & Thomassen, 2009). Therefore, most PLs display only their brand name on their product labels or packages. However, in the Japanese consumer goods market, an increasing number of manufacturers’ names are now being displayed on PL product packages. For example, the “Seven Premium” PL, by Seven & I Holdings, displays the manufacturer’s name on its product labels using the phrase “This product is a joint development product with manufacturer X.” This indicates that retailers are utilizing the brand of the national brand (NB). This type of branding strategy can be classified as co-branding or a brand alliance. In Japan, expansion of PL co-branding may have improved consumers’ attitudes toward PLs and contributed to their development. Theoretical Background Most prior research on co-branding has focused on brand alliances between two NBs. Therefore, studies on alliances between PLs and NBs are very limited. Vaidyanathan and Aggarwal (2000) focused on ingredient branding, which merged elements of PLs with NB ingredients. Based on the combination theory (Park, Jun, & Shocker 1996), attitude accessibility theory (Fazio, 1986), and attribution theory (Heider, 1958; Kelly, 1973), they found that the association of brand name ingredients with private brand products could positively impact consumers’ evaluations of unfamiliar products. Also, the use of a brand name ingredient in a PL did not negatively affect consumers’ evaluations of this product. Arnett, Laverie, and Wilcox (2010) focused on brand alliances of retailers and manufacturers in the clothing category. Based on the attitude accessibility theory and the information integration theory (Anderson, 1971; Smith, 1993), they found that consumers’ attitudes toward alliances can influence retailer equity, manufacturer brand equity, and shopping intentions. They also found that pre-alliance retailer equity significantly affects attitudes toward alliances. Except for post-alliance retailer equity, perceived fit moderates all relationships between consumers’ attitudes toward the outcome of an alliance. Prior research on co-branding indicates that the attitudes and attributes of co-brands are influenced by the attitudes and attributes of constituent brands. In addition, a constituent brand’s familiarity moderates the effect (Park et al., 1996; Simonin & Ruth, 1998). As another notable finding, attitudes about co-brands influence constituent brand attitudes, with the effect being moderated by brand familiarity (Simonin & Ruth, 1998). Based on prior findings, this study examines whether co-branded PLs are influenced by their constituent NBs and by the familiarity of constituent brands in the case of Japanese co-branded PLs. This study also examines whether a spillover effect exists for constituent brands. Methodology An Internet survey of 798 women living in the Greater Tokyo area was conducted in August 2017. Subjects were assigned to one of four groups, grouped by PL and NB brand familiarity (Figure 1). The familiar “salad dressing” category was selected. While this category includes several large and popular manufacturers, many small, unknown manufacturers also exist within it, a fact that is relevant to the purpose of this study. High-familiarity PLs and NBs were selected based on their market shares in the category. However, Seven Premium, the most popular PL in Japan, was not selected as it had already adopted a co-branding strategy. Aeon’s Topvalu was chosen as a high-familiarity PL. While Topvalu is one of the most popular PLs in Japan, it has not yet taken a co-branding strategy. All measures were assessed through a seven-point, semantic, differential scale. Attitudes toward constituent brands (PLs and NBs), co-brands, perceived quality of constituent brands, and brand familiarity of constituent brands were measured. Using covariance structure analysis, we examined factors influencing attitudes about co-branding and the spillover to constituent brands after considering co-branded formations. Regarding familiarity, a multi-group analysis was conducted. Results Attitudes toward constituent brands (PLs and NBs) positively influenced attitude toward co-branded PLs. In addition, the influence on the co-branded PLs was greater for PLs (Table 1). From the multi-group analysis, the influence of familiarity on the attitude toward co-branded PLs can be found in some cases (Table 2). In the case of high-familiarity PLs with high-familiarity NBs (Group 1), the attitudes about co-branding by NBs were not significant. On the other hand, a positive co-branding attitude by NB was found in other cases. In cases of low-familiarity PLs with low-familiarity NBs (Group 4), the co-brand’s influence was greater for NBs. Moreover, since the attitude toward co-branding positively influenced differences of attitude between post-alliance and pre-alliance toward PLs and NBs, the spillover effect is confirmed (Table 3). Discussion Our results, which suggest that co-branding with NBs can be an effective strategy if PLs have low familiarity, are consistent with prior research. PLs in Japan, which have a lower penetration ratio than those in Europe and the United States, are still in a developmental stage (Kumar & Steenkamp, 2007). Since PLs in Japan are less familiar than leading NBs, co-branding with an NB can be an effective strategy for a PL. On the other hand, when a PL is already established as a brand and has high familiarity, co-branding with a NB might have little effect. In this case, it might be necessary to devise a different strategy, such as changing a PL’s brand name. Seven Premium, the most popular PL in Japan, was introduced in 2007. From the beginning, when its brand had low familiarity, it opted for a co-branding strategy, and our findings suggest that this decision significantly improved overall attitudes toward PLs.

「モクノハナ」から「アオコ」へ

神谷智昭(Kamiya tomoaki) 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2009 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.26