Genetic transformation of wheat: current status and future prospects

Jiarui Li,Xingguo Ye,Baoyan An,Lipu Du,Huijun Xu 한국식물생명공학회 2012 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.6 No.3

Genetic transformation is a reverse genetics tool for validation of target genes and crop improvement. However, due to its low efficiency and genotype dependency,wheat is considered a recalcitrant plant for genetic transformation. During the last 20 years, various in vitro and in planta transformation methods have been reported in wheat. Until now, biolistic particle and Agrobacteriummediated wheat transformation methods using immature embryos as explants have been the two major transformation approaches. In addition to immature embryos, other explant types, such as mature embryos, anther-derived calli, inflorescences, apical meristems, and other floral organs, have been employed; however, they need further optimization. In addition to the common marker genes,such as bar, hpt and gus, other effective markers, ALS,AtMYB12 and pmi, have been successfully used for selection of positive transgenic plants. Numerous agronomic trait genes such as biotic stress resistance or tolerance genes have been transferred into wheat plants. Future prospects, such as recipient wheat cultivars and explants,marker free issues, and transgene silencing, are discussed. The objective of this review is to summarize current successful techniques for wheat transformation and stimulate further research into long-term wheat improvement by genetic engineering approaches.

Cluster Size-Constrained Fuzzy C-Means with Density Center Searching

Jiarui Li,Yukio Horiguchi,Tetsuo Sawaragi 한국지능시스템학회 2020 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.20 No.4

Fuzzy C-means (FCM) has a definite limitation when partitioning a dataset into clusters with varying sizes and densities because it ignores the scale difference in different dimensions of input data objects. To alleviate this cluster size insensitivity, we propose a wrapper algorithm for FCM by introducing cluster size as a priori information and limiting the search direction on the basis of density benchmarks (CSCD-FCM). This method is divided into two stages. The first stage adjusts the position of each cluster while maintaining its shape, and the second stage changes the shape of each cluster while maintaining its center. Both steps modify fuzzy partitions generated by FCM-like soft clustering methods by optimizing a “size-constrained” objective function. Numerical and practical experiments with unbalanced cluster size settings demonstrate the effectiveness of this method for extracting actual cluster structures, as well as achieving the desired cluster populations.

공간마케팅 관점에서 본 패션브랜드 플래그숍의 감성디자인 표현특성 연구

이가예(LI JIARUI),이민(Lee, Min) 한국실내디자인학회 2019 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.21 No.3

With the development of science and technology and the development of society, people’s living standards have gradually improved. Therefore, the requirements for life are getting higher and higher. The indispensable part of people’s life is the shopping mall, which represents the flagship store. The brand flagship store provides consumers with a better experience in shopping, understanding the history and culture of their brands. Further research on how to get people to get better consumer experience through flagship stores, get psychological satisfaction, and how to improve these consumer experiences. Through the study of various characteristics of perceptual design, we will further explore the space utilization methods of flagship stores. Focusing on the characteristics of the perceptual space, rationally designing space in this way can influence people’s values and consumption views, and thus predict the development trend of future space design.

Olanzapine May Inhibit Colonic Motility Associated with the 5-HT Receptor and Myosin Light Chain Kinase

Jiarui Zhang,Ying Qiao,Jingjing Le,Daliang Sun,Yangtai Guan,Zezhi Li 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.2

ObjectiveaaTo study whether the effects of olanzapine on gastrointestinal motility is related to the serotonin antagonism and myosin light chain kinase. MethodsaaMale Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Olanzapine gavage was performed for each treatment group during the course of 30 continuous days, while the same volume of saline was given to the rats in the control group. Defecation of the rats was observed on days 7 and 30 after olanzapine gavage. The effects of olanzapine on contraction of colonic smooth muscles were observed in ex vivo experiments. A Western blot was used to evaluate expression levels of the serotonin transporter (SERT) and MLCK in colon segments of the rats. ResultsaaCompared to the control group, 5–160 μM of olanzapine could inhibit dose-dependently the contraction of colonic smooth muscle ex vivo experiments. The maximum smooth muscle contraction effects of 5-HT and acetylcholine significantly decreased after treatment with 40–160 μM of olanzapine. Constipation was found in the olanzapine-treated rats on day 7 and have sustained day 30 after gavage. Expression of MLCK in olanzapine-treated rats was significantly decreased, whereas the expression of SERT significantly increased on the day 7, then significantly decreased on the day 30 after olanzapine gavage. ConclusionaaSERT and MLCK may involve in the inhibition of colonic contraction induced by olanzapine.

공급업체 적절하게 선정하는 방법: 통합 기계학습 모델을 통해서

LIU JIARUI,이철웅,GONG LI,DONG YIXI 대한산업공학회 2023 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.11

Pattern-moving-based Robust Model-free Adaptive Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems with Disturbance and Data Dropout

Xiangquan Li,Zhengguang Xu,Cheng Han,Jiarui Cui 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.11

The ability to deal with the system disturbance and/or data dropout is often referred to as the robustness of model-free or data-driven control theory. This paper addresses a novel pattern-moving-based partial-form dynamic linearization intermittent model-free adaptive control scheme for a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems with disturbance and random measurement data dropout. Furthermore, the bounded convergence of the tracking error of the closed-loop system is proved by the statistical approach with contraction mapping principle. The basic idea is to consider the pattern-moving-based partial-form dynamic linearization model-free adaptive control method under the condition of missing data which may be caused by network failure, failing sensor or actuator. The designed scheme mainly includes an improved intermittent tracking control law, an intermittent classification-metric bias estimation algorithm and a modified intermittent pseudo gradient vector estimation algorithm. The bounded convergence and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are demonstrated by both the rigorous mathematical inference and two numerical examples.

Modified Model Free Adaptive Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems with Multi-threshold Quantized Observations

Xiangquan Li,Zhengguang Xu,Yanrong Lu,Jiarui Cui,Lixin Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.10

This paper addresses a pattern-moving-based modified model free adaptive control (PMFAC) scheme and illustrates the convergence of its tracking error for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown model and multi-threshold quantized observations. The basic idea is to consider the system’s quantization error as an external disturbance and an improved performance index function of control law is proposed from the perspective of twoplayer zero-sum game (TP-ZSG) based on the existed MFAC algorithms. The PMFAC scheme is established which mainly includes an improved tracking control law and a pseudo-partial derivative (PPD) estimation algorithm. Under certain conditions, the bounded convergence of system tracking error and the stability of PMFAC system with quantization errors can be guaranteed. The theoretical results are demonstrated by two numerical examples.

Identification and Validation of Circulating MicroRNA Signatures for Breast Cancer Early Detection Based on Large Scale Tissue-Derived Data

Xiaokang Yu,Jinsheng Liang,Jiarui Xu,Xingsong Li,Shan Xing,Huilan Liu,Wan-Li Liu,Dongdong Liu,Jianhua Xu,Lizhen Huang,Hongli Du 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer among women worldwide, and therefore, improved approaches for its early detection are urgently needed. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as critical regulators in tumorigenesis and possess excellent stability in plasma, this study focused on using miRNAs to develop a method for identifying noninvasive biomarkers. Methods: To discover critical candidates, differential expression analysis was performed on tissue-originated miRNA profiles of 409 early breast cancer patients and 87 healthy controls from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We selected candidates from the differentially expressed miRNAs and then evaluated every possible molecular signature formed by the candidates. The best signature was validated in independent serum samples from 113 early breast cancer patients and 47 healthy controls using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The miRNA candidates in our method were revealed to be associated with breast cancer according to previous studies and showed potential as useful biomarkers. When validated in independent serum samples, the area under curve of the final miRNA signature (miR-21-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-99a-5p) was 0.895. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 97.9% and 73.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study established a novel and effective method to identify biomarkers for early breast cancer. And the method, is also suitable for other cancer types. Furthermore, a combination of three miRNAs was identified as a prospective biomarker for breast cancer early detection.

Experimental and Mechanism Investigation on Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Alumina/Water Nanofluid on a Cylindrical Tube

Hao Zhang,Zeng-en Li,Shan Qing,Zhuangzhuang Jia,Jiarui Xu,Lin Ma,Sixian Wang,Aimin Zhang,Zhumei Luo 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.10

Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer experiments have been conducted to nanofluids on a horizontal cylinder tube under atmospheric pressure. The nanofluids are prepared by dispersing Al2O3 nanoparticles into distilled water at concentrations of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 2 wt.% with or without sodium, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). The experimental results showed that: nanofluids at lower concentrations (0.001 wt.% to 1 wt.%) can obviously enhance the pool boiling heat transfer performance, but signs of deterioration can be observed at higher concentration (2 wt.%). The presence of SDBS can obviously enhance the pool boiling heat transfer performance, and with the presence of SDBS, a maximum enhancement ratio of BHTC of 69.88%, and a maximum decrease ratio of super heat of 41.12% can be found in Group NS5 and NS4, respectively. The tube diameter and wall thickness of heating surface are the influential factors for boiling heat transfer coefficient. Besides, we find that Rohsenow formula failed to predict the characteristics of nanofluids. The mechanism study shows that: the decrease of surface tension, which leads to the decrease of bubble departure diameter, and the presence of agglomerates in nanofluids are the reasons for the enhanced pool boiling heat transfer performance. At higher concentration, particle deposition will lead to the decrease of distribution density of the vaporization core, and as a result of that, the boiling heat transfer performance will deteriorate.

Anomalous Ferromagnetism and Electron Microscopy Characterization of High-Quality Neodymium Oxychlorides Nanocrystals

Xinliang Zheng,Juan Feng,Jiarui Zhang,Hongna Xing,Jiming Zheng,Mingzi Wang,Yan Zong,Jintao Bai,Xinghua Li 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.3

High-quality neodymium oxychlorides nanocrystals with cubic shape were synthesized by a nonhydrolytic thermolysis route. The morphology and crystal structure of the neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy at the nanoscale. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image shows that the neodymium oxychlorides nanocrystals are nearly monodispersed with cube-like shape. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of numerous neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes suggest a pure crystal phase with tetragonal PbFCl matlockite structure. HRTEM image of individual neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes indicate that each nanocubes have a singlecrystalline nature with high quality. Unlike the anti-ferromagnetism of the bulk, the neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes show clearly anomalous ferromagnetic characteristic at room temperature. This finding provides a new platform for the exploration of diluted magnetic semiconductors, rare earth-based nanomaterials and so on.