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Histological Changes of Tissues and Cell Wall of Rice Straw Influenced by Chemical Pretreatments
Wang, Jia-Kun,Chen, Xiao-Lian,Liu, Jian-Xin,Wu, Yue-Ming,Ye, Jun-An Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.6
Sodium hydroxide (SH) or ammonium bicarbonate (AB) were applied to rice straw to investigate the effects on histological change of stem tissue or cell wall before and after in sacco degradation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The SEM revealed that, the parenchyma and vascular bundles were distorted by treatment with SH at 30 or 45 g/kg straw dry matter. Faultage between phloem of large vascular bundles and parenchyma occurred with further increasing SH to 60 or 75 g/kg. The cell wall in these stem tissues was crimped when observed by TEM. However, only parenchyma and large vascular tissues were slightly distorted in AB-treated stem. For untreated and AB-treated stems, the initiation of observable ruminal degradation of cell wall was prolonged from 12 h for inner parenchyma to 24 h for sclerenchyma and to 48 h for phloem of small vascular bundles, while the outer epidermis was intact even at 72 h. For SH-treated stem, however, the cell wall from all of the investigated tissues, epidermis, small vascular bundles, sclerenchyma, and parenchyma started to be degraded at 12 h incubation. These results indicate that SH treatment contracts rice straw stem leading to an improvement in rumen degradation, and that the degradation of SH-treated stem is bilateral from inner and outer surface simultaneously.
Bao, Ci-Hang,Liu, Kun,Wang, Xin-Tong,Ma, Wei,Wang, Jian-Bo,Wang, Cong,Jia, Yi-Bin,Wang, Na-Na,Tan, Bing-Xu,Song, Qing-Xu,Cheng, Yu-Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a novel jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Here we quantify the prognostic impact of this biomarker and assess how consistent is its expression in solid tumors. A comprehensive search strategy was used to search relevant literature updated on October 3, 2014 in PubMed, EMBASE and WEB of Science. Correlations between HDGF expression and clinicopathological features or cancer prognosis was analyzed. All pooled HRs or ORs were derived from random-effects models. Twenty-six studies, primarily in Eastern Asia, covering 2,803 patients were included in the analysis, all of them published during the past decade. We found that HDGF overexpression was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) ($HR_{OS}=2.35$, 95%CI=2.04-2.71, p<0.001) and disease free survival (DFS) ($HR_{DFS}=2.25$, 95%CI =1.81-2.79, p<0.001) in solid tumors, especially in non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Moreover, multivariate survival analysis showed that HDGF overexpression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis ($HR_{OS}=2.41$, 95%CI: 2.02-2.81, p<0.001; $HR_{DFS}=2.39$, 95%CI: 1.77-3.24, p<0.001). In addition, HDGF overexpression was significantly associated with tumor category (T3-4 versus T1-2, OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.17-3.83, p=0.013) and lymph node status (N+ versus N-, OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.31-4.29, p=0.03) in CCA. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the literature available on the association of HDGF overexpression with OS, DFS and some clinicopathological features in solid tumors. Meta-analysis results provide evidence that HDGF may be a new indicator of poor cancer prognosis. Considering the limitations of the eligible studies, other large-scale prospective trials must be conducted to clarify the prognostic value of HDGF in predicting cancer survival.
Kun Hao,Yandan Wang,Jia Ren,Baojian Shen 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.5
Alkali-treatment and Fe–Ti-loading were used to modify ZSM-5 zeolite. It was found that alkali-treatment created mesopore and Fe–Ti-loading improved the redox property of ZSM-5 catalyst, although both modifications led to a reduction of the total acid sites amount. The catalytic performance test indicated that the coexistence of meso–microporosity and Fe–Ti-loading on ZSM-5 catalyst is benefit to improve the yield of light olefins in catalytic cracking. The catalyst containing the combined modified ZSM-5 increased the propylene yield by 0.55 wt% and total light olefins yield by 0.69 wt% in catalytic cracking of Canadian LGO (light gas oil), compared with the reference HZSM-5.
Luo Jia,Yang Yiting,Liao Kun,Liu Bin,Chen Ying,Shen Linyuan,Chen Lei,Jiang An’an,Liu Yihui,Li Qiang,Wang Jinyong,Li Xuewei,Zhang Shunhua,Zhu Li 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8
Objective: The QingYu pig is well known for its excellent meat quality attributes in Sichuan province, China. In order to improve its production efficiency, the determination of genetic factors contributing to quantifiable economic traits of livestock is important. Moreover, the cross-breeding of QingYu pigs with western breeds possessing strong growth attributes is an efficient way to improve the performance of this breed. Methods: Here, the genetic parameters of several important reproductive traits of QingYu pigs were estimated, include total number born (TNB), number born alive, litter birth weight, individual birth weight, number of piglets weaned, litter weaning weight, and individual weaning weight. The data was analyzed using the ASReml 3.0 software (NSW Inc., Sydney, Australia). Furthermore, the effects of crossing Berkshire with QingYu (BQ) pigs on carcass and meat quality traits, as well as the effects of slaughter weight on carcass and meat quality of BQ were characterized. Results: QingYu pigs exhibited superior reproductive traits. The TNB available to QingYu pigs was more than 8 per parity. The observed repeatability of the reproductive traits of the QingYu pigs was between 0.10 and 0.23. The significantly correlated genetic and phenotypic of reproduction traits were consistent. Interestingly, the BQ pigs exhibited improved carcass quality, with a significant increase in loin muscle area, lean percentage and reduction in sebum percentage. As a result, BQ had higher L45min, lower cooking scores, and lower drip loss. In addition, the loin muscle area, body length, and sebum percentage were significantly higher in 90 and 100 kg animals. Cooking loss showed a significant increase at 80 kg, and marbling increased significantly from 90 kg. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that QingYu pigs exhibit excellent reproductive properties and heritability of these traits. Crossing with Berkshire is an efficient strategy to improve the carcass and meat quality of QingYu pigs for commercial operations. Furthermore, it appears as though the optimal slaughter weight of BQ pigs is at approximately 90 kg.
Screening, Gene Cloning, and Characterizations of an Acid-Stable α-Amylase
Liu, Xinyu,Jia, Wei,An, Yi,Cheng, Kun,Wang, Mingdao,Yang, Sen,Chen, Hongge The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.6
Based on its α-amylase activity at pH 5.0 and optimal pH of the crude enzyme, a strain (named B-5) with acid α-amylase production was screened. The B-5 strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens through morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics analysis, as well as 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis. Its α-amylase gene of GenBank Accession No. GU318401 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant α-amylase AMY-Ba showed the optimal pH of 5.0, and was stable at a pH range of 4.0-6.0. When hydrolyzing soluble starch, amylose, and amylopectin, AMY-Ba released glucose and maltose as major end products. The α-amylase AMY-Ba in this work was different from the well-investigated J01542-type α-amylase which also came from B. amyloliquefaciens. AMY-Ba exhibited notable adsorption and hydrolysis ability towards various raw starches. Structure analysis of AMY-Ba suggested the presence of a new starch-binding domain at its C-terminal region.
A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF SHAPE- AND SIZE-CONTROLLED α-Fe_2O_3 NANOPARTICLES THROUGH HYDROTHERMAL METHOD
GUANG-HUI WANG,WEN-CUI LI,KUN-MING JIA,AN-HUI LU,MATHIAS FEYEN,BERND SPLIETHOFF,FERDI SCHÜTH 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2011 NANO Vol.6 No.5
α-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles have wide-ranging applications such as in catalysis, sensoring, painting, etc. This is the reason to study their controlled synthesis. Here we have investigated the synthesis of uniform α-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles using amino acids as morphology control agents. The products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). It was found that the type and the amount of amino acids as well as the reaction temperatures have significant influence on the shape and size of the obtainedα-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles. The use of acidic amino acids (always contain C=O in the side chain) typically leads to the formation of α-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles with spindle shape. However, rhombohedrally shaped α-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles were formed in presence of basic amino acids (always contain -NH_2 in the side chain). Increasing the amount of amino acid generally results in α-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles with decreasing particle sizes.
Wei Bin,Wang Ya-Kun,Yu Jin-Biao,Wang Si-Jia,Yu Yan-Lei,Xu Xue-Wei,Wang Hong 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.10
C-Glycosides are an important type of natural product with significant bioactivities, and the C-glycosidic bonds of C-glycosides can be cleaved by several intestinal bacteria, as exemplified by the human faeces-derived puerarin-degrading bacterium Dorea strain PUE. However, glycoside hydrolases in these bacteria, which may be involved in the C-glycosidic bond cleavage of C-glycosides, remain largely unknown. In this study, the genomes of the closest phylogenetic neighbours of five puerarin-degrading intestinal bacteria (including Dorea strain PUE) were retrieved, and the protein-coding genes in the genomes were subjected to sequence similarity network (SSN) analysis. Only four clusters of genes were annotated as glycoside hydrolases and observed in the genome of D. longicatena DSM 13814T (the closest phylogenetic neighbour of Dorea strain PUE); therefore, genes from D. longicatena DSM 13814T belonging to these clusters were selected to overexpress recombinant proteins (CG1, CG2, CG3, and CG4) in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). In vitro assays indicated that CG4 efficiently cleaved the O-glycosidic bond of daidzin and showed moderate β-D-glucosidase and β-D-xylosidase activity. CG2 showed weak activity in hydrolyzing daidzin and pNP- β-D-fucopyranoside, while CG3 was identified as a highly selective and efficient α-glycosidase. Interestingly, CG3 and CG4 could be selectively inhibited by daidzein, explaining their different performance in kinetic studies. Molecular docking studies predicted the molecular determinants of CG2, CG3, and CG4 in substrate selectivity and inhibition propensity. The present study identified three novel and distinctive glycoside hydrolases, highlighting the potential of SSN in the discovery of novel enzymes from genomic data.
Liu Shuai,Wang Zhong,Jia He Kun,Chen Lin 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.1
Hydrogen and oxygen fuel obtained from water electrolysis mainly contains H2 and O2, usually abbreviated to HHO. The compositional characteristics of HHO were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The influence of HHO on the combustion process in the cylinder was discussed. The change law of the maximum combustion pressure and the variation of the crank angle were studied, and the nonlinear dynamic process of the combustion process was revealed. The research indicated that the cylinder pressure increased after mixing HHO and that the period of flame development and rapid combustion was shortened. With the increase in HHO content, the cycle-by-cycle variations were reduced, combustion stability improved, partial-burning and other abnormal combustion phenomena improved, the phase space trajectory distribution gradually intensified, and the engine combustion process of the cyclical variation increased.