여대생의 인유두종 바이러스 및 인유두종 바이러스 백신 관련 지식과 예방접종 실태와의 상관관계

Xu, Meiling,김현지,이희수,이윤지,한동연,박소영,엄효윤,최정민,홍서진,홍예림,이경은,이혜림 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2017 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.51

Purpose: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is readily available, but immunization rate is minimal. Lack of knowledge concerning the HPV infection and vaccine is expected as the primary reason. The correlation between knowledge levels and vaccination will provide applicable guidelines for successful interventions. Method: 309 female university students have completed surveys September 2016, reporting of HPV infection knowledge, HPV vaccine knowledge, source of knowledge, and attitudes concerning vaccination. Result: HPV infection and vaccine knowledge levels were both suboptimal(9.57±1.84, 7.59±1.58), and the Internet(16.2%) was recognized as the most generally used means of obtaining information on the HPV vaccine. However, vaccination rates were reported to be low(28.2%), with lack of information(46.6%) hindering immunization. Correlations were found between HPV infection knowledge and cervical cancer insight, but the correlations between knowledge levels and vaccination rates were insignificant. Conclusion: Prior information on cervical cancer had an effect on the knowledge levels of HPV infection, but other factors were insignificant. Lack of information on the HPV vaccine was speculated, thus programs should focus on accessibility and effectiveness.

A Phase 3 Evaluation of Daclatasvir plus Asunaprevir in Treatment-Naive Patients with Chronic HCV Genotype 1b Infection

( L. Wei ),( F. Wang ),( M. Zhang ),( J. Jia ),( A.A. Yakovlev ),( W. Xie ),( E.Z. Burnevich ),( J. Niu ),( Y.J. Jung ),( X. Jiang ),( M. Xu ),( X. Chen ),( Q. Xie ),( J. Li ),( J. Hou ),( H. Tang ),( 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Background/Aims: Treatment-naive GT 1b-infected patients from mainland China, South Korea and Russia were assessed for SVR at follow-up week 12 (SVR12) after receiving daclatasvir (60 mg, QD) and asunaprevir (100 mg, BID) (DCV+ASV). Methods: Patients were randomized 3:1 to receive DCV+ASV (24 weeks; immediate treatment [IM]) or 12 weeks of placebo followed by DCV+ASV (24 weeks; placebo-deferred treatment [PD]). The primary endpoint was to evaluate SVR12 in the IM arm to the historical rate for peginterferon/ribavirin (70%). Secondary endpoints included overall safety and safety comparisons between the treatment arms during the first 12 weeks. Results: 207 patients were randomized to IM (n=155) or PD (n=52); Asian (86%), female (59%), IL28B CC genotype (68%) and median age 49 (range 18-73) years; cirrhosis (13%), HCV RNA ≥6x106 IU/mL (53%). SVR12 in the IM arm was 92% and broadly unaffected by most baseline factors assessed (Figure); SVR12 was higher in patients without (96%) baseline NS5A-L31M/V or Y93H polymorphisms. There were 6 virologic breakthroughs, 6 relapses and 1 detectable HCV RNA at end-of-treatment in the IM arm. Safety was mostly comparable between the two arms during the first 12 weeks. The most frequent adverse events (AEs; ≥5%) during DCV+ASV (24 weeks) treatment in both arms were aminotransferase, bilirubin and INR elevations, hypertension, fatigue and respiratory tract infections; the most frequent treatment-emergent grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities were aminotransferase (≤4.5%) and hematologic, lipase and total bilirubin abnormalities (≤2%); one patient (IM) discontinued DCV+ASV for aminotransferase elevations, nausea and jaundice (all reversible); one patient PD) discontinued DCV+ASV for a fatal AE unrelated to treatment. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that DCV+ASV is a highly efficacious and well tolerated treatment for treatment-naive HCV GT 1b-infected patients. Those treated immediately with DCV+ASV achieved a 92% SVR12 rate which was unaffected by factors known to attenuate response to interferon.

Impact of low dose atorvastatin on development of new-onset diabetes mellitus in Asian population: Three-year clinical outcomes

Park, J.Y.,Rha, S.W.,Choi, B.,Choi, J.W.,Ryu, S.K.,Kim, S.,Noh, Y.K.,Choi, S.Y.,Akkala, R.G.,Li, H.,Ali, J.,Xu, S.,Ngow, H.A.,Lee, J.J.,Lee, G.N.,Kim, J.,Lee, S.,Na, J.O.,Choi, C.U.,Lim, H.E.,Kim, J.W Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.184 No.-

Background: High dose atorvastatin is known to be associated with new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in patients with high risk for developing diabetes mellitus (DM). However, low dose atorvastatin is more commonly used as compared with high dose atorvastatin. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of low dose atorvastatin (LDA, 10mg or 20mg) on the development of NODM up to three years in Asian patients. Methods: From January 2004 to September 2009, we investigated a total of 3566 patients who did not have DM. To adjust for potential confounders, a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed using the logistic regression model. After PSM (C-statistics: 0.851), a total of 818 patients (LDA group, n=409 patients and control group, n=409 patients) were enrolled for analysis. Results: Before PSM, the cumulative incidence of NODM (5.8% vs. 2.1%, p<0.001), myocardial infarction (0.5% vs. 0.1%, p-value=0.007), and major adverse cardio-cerebral event (MACCE, 1.8% vs. 0.7%, p-value=0.012) at three-years were higher in the LAD group. However, after PSM, there was a trend toward higher incidence of NODM (5.9% vs. 3.2%, p=0.064) in the LDA group, but the incidence of MACCE (1.2% vs. 1.5%, p-value=1.000) was similar between the two groups. In multivariable analysis, the LDA administration was tended to be an independent predictor of NODM (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.00-3.98, p-value 0.050). Conclusions: In this study, the use of LDA tended to be a risk factor for NODM in Asian patients and reduced clinical events similar to the control group. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials will be needed to get the final conclusion.

Neutron-Induced Cavitation Tension Metastable Pressure Thresholds of Liquid Mixtures

Y. XU,J. A. WEBSTER,J. LAPINSKAS,R. P. TALEYARKHAN 한국원자력학회 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.7

Tensioned metastable fluids provide a powerful means for low-cost, efficient detection of a wide range of nuclear particles with spectroscopic capabilities. Past work in this field has relied on one-component liquids. Pure liquids may provide very good detection capability in some aspects, such as low thresholds or large radiation interaction cross sections, but it is rare to find a liquid that is a perfect candidate on both counts. It was hypothesized that liquid mixtures could offer optimal benefits and present more options for advancement. However, not much is known about radiation-induced thermal-hydraulics involving destabilization of mixtures of tensioned metastable fluids. This paper presents results of experiments that assess key thermophysical properties of liquid mixtures governing fast neutron radiation-induced cavitation in liquid mixtures. Experiments were conducted by placing liquid mixtures of various proportions in tension metastable states using Purdue’s centrifugally-tensioned metastable fluid detector (CTMFD) apparatus. Liquids chosen for this study covered a good representation of both thermal and fast neutron interaction cross sections, a range of cavitation onset thresholds and a range of thermophysical properties. Experiments were devised to measure the effective liquid mixture viscosity and surface tension. Neutron-induced tension metastability thresholds were found to vary non-linearly with mixture concentration; these thresholds varied linearly with surface tension and inversely with mixture vapor pressure (on a semi-log scale), and no visible trend with mixture viscosity nor with latent heat of vaporization.

Hot Deformation Behavior and Dynamic Recrystallization Characteristics of 12Cr Ultra‑Super‑Critical Rotor Steel

Y. Xu,J. S. Liu,Y. X. Jiao 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4

In this paper, the constitutive model and dynamic recrystallization characteristics of 12Cr ultra-super-critical rotor steelwere investigated quantitatively during hot deformation. A series of axisymmetric hot compression tests at temperaturesfrom 900 to 1200 °C under strain rates of 0.001–1 s−1 were conducted on a Gleeble−1500D thermal simulator. Based on theexperimental true stress–strain curves varying with temperature and strain rates, a complete constitutive model was establishedand all material parameters in the model could be expressed as a function of strain using a fifth order polynomial fit. The proposed model was verified so as to have the capability of accurately predicting the flow behaviour with an averageabsolute relative error of < 2.82%. Meanwhile, after hot deformation the microstructure was observed via electron backscatterdiffraction technology. Then, the dependence of the characteristic parameters on the Zener–Hollomon parameter wereconfirmed. Furthermore, the kinetics equation of dynamic recrystallization was obtained, which included the flow stresscalculated based on the evolution equation of the dislocation density during the work hardening-dynamic recovery stage. The result indicated that the predicted values for dynamic recrystallization volume fraction and flow stress were in line withthe experimental values.

Integration of Inhibition Kinetics and Molecular Dynamics Simulations: A Urea-Mediated Folding Study on Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 1

Xu, Y.,Lee, J.,Lü,, Z. R.,μ, H.,Zhang, Q.,Park, Y. D. Humana Press 2016 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol. No.

<P>Understanding the mechanism of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) folding is important because this enzyme is directly involved in several types of cancers and other diseases. We investigated the urea-mediated unfolding of ALDH1 by integrating kinetic inhibition studies with computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Conformational changes in the enzyme structure were also analyzed using intrinsic and 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS)-binding fluorescence measurements. Kinetic studies revealed that the direct binding of urea to ALDH1 induces inactivation of ALDH1 in a manner of mixed-type inhibition. Tertiary structural changes associated with regional hydrophobic exposure of the active site were observed. The urea binding regions on ALDH1 were predicted by docking simulations and were partly shared with active site residues of ALDH1 and with interface residues of the oligomerization domain for tetramer formation. The docking results suggest that urea prevents formation of the ALDH1 normal shape for the tetramer state as well as entrance of the substrate into the active site. Our study provides insight into the structural changes that accompany urea-mediated unfolding of ALDH1 and the catalytic role associated with conformational changes.</P>

Suboptimal control strategy in structural control implementation

Xu, J.Y.,Li, Q.S.,Li, G.Q.,Wu, J.R.,Tang, J. Techno-Press 2005 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.19 No.1

The suboptimal control rule is introduced in structural control implementation as an alternative over the optimal control because the optimal control may require large amount of processing time when applied to complex structural control problems. It is well known that any time delay in structural control implementation will cause un-synchronized application of the control forces, which not only reduce the effectiveness of an active control system, but also cause instability of the control system. The effect of time delay on the displacement and acceleration responses of building structures is studied when the suboptimal control rule is adopted. Two examples are given to show the effectiveness of the suboptimal control rule. It is shown through the examples that the present method is easy in implementation and high in efficiency and it can significantly reduce the time delay in structural control implementation without significant loss of performance.

Effects of triamcinolone-impregnated nasal dressing on subjective and objective outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery

Xu, J.,Park, S. J.,Park, H. S.,Han, R.,Rha, K. S.,Kim, Y. M. Springer International 2016 European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology Vol.273 No.12

<P>The aim of this study was to compare the effects of triamcinolone (TA)- and saline-soaked biodegradable nasal dressing on subjective symptoms, wound healing and improvement of olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) after undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The study was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. A total of 80 patients undergoing bilateral ESS for CRSwNP were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups. Nasal dressing was impregnated with normal saline in the control group, while patients received triamcinolone-impregnated dressing in the TA group. Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) and Korean Version of the Sniffin' Stick (KVSS) II test were used to assess the patients' condition preoperatively and at postoperative 1 and 3 months. Lund-Kennedy (L-K) and perioperative sinus endoscopy (POSE) scores were assessed on postoperative months 1, 2, and 3. There were significant differences between the control group and the TA group in terms of postoperative L-K scores and POSE scores at 1 and 2 months. The postoperative endoscopic scores were significantly decreased in the TA group compared to the control at 1 month. Olfactory functions were significantly improved at postoperative 3 months (p = 0.0099) compared to the preoperative score in the TA group. Significant improvement in the olfactory functions among anosmic and hyposmic patients at postoperative 1 month (p = 0.0475) and 3 months (p = 0.0019) compared to their preoperative olfactory function score was observed only in the TA group. TA-impregnated dressing had a significant advantage over saline-soaked dressing with regard to postoperative wound healing and improvement of olfactory function.</P>

Experimental investigation on effect of ion cyclotron resonance heating on density fluctuation in SOL at EAST

Y.C. Li,M.H. Li,M. Wang,L. Liu,X.J. Zhang,C.M. Qin,Y.F. Wang,C.B. Wu,L.N. Liu,J.C. Xu,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,J. F. Shan,F. K. Liu,Y. P. Zhao,T. Zhang,X. Gao 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1

The suppression of high-intensity blob structures in the scrape-off layer (SOL) by ion-cyclotron range offrequencies (ICRF) power, leading to a decrease in the turbulent fluctuation level, is observed first in theExperimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) experiment. This suppression effect from ICRFpower injection is global in the whole SOL at EAST, i.e. blob structures both in the regions that aremagnetically connected to the active ICRF launcher and in the regions that are not connected to theactive ICRF launcher could be suppressed by ICRF power. However, more ICRF power is required to reachthe full blob structure suppression effect in the regions that are magnetically unconnected to the activelauncher than in the regions that are magnetically connected to the active launcher. Studies show that apossible reason for the blob suppression could be the enhanced Er B shear flow in the SOL, which issupported by the shaper radial gradient in the floating potential profiles sensed by the divertor probearrays with increasing ICRF power. The local RF wave power unabsorbed by the core plasma isresponsible for the modification of potential profiles in the SOL regions.

Stability of multi-step flexural-shear plates with varying cross-section

Xu, J.Y.,Li, Q.S. Techno-Press 2003 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.16 No.5

In this paper, multi-story buildings with shear-wall structures and with narrow rectangular plane configuration are modeled as a multi-step flexural-shear plate with varying cross-section for buckling analysis. The governing differential equation of such a plate is established. Using appropriate transformations, the equation is reduced to analytically solvable equations by selecting suitable expressions of the distribution of stiffness. The exact solutions for buckling of such a one-step flexural-shear plate with variable stiffness are derived for several cases. A new exact approach that combines the transfer matrix method and closed from solution of one-step flexural-shear plate with continuously varying stiffness is presented for stability analysis of multi-step non-uniform flexural-shear plate. A numerical example shows that the present methods are easy to implement and efficient.