비정부기구(NGO)의 탈북자 지원 경험 분석 및 개선 방향

전우택,윤덕룡,강성록,김형중,민성길 연세대학교 통일연구원 2001 통일연구 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives: Since 1994, the number of North Korean defectors, escaping North Korea and entering South Korea, has increased rapidly.As the number of defectors has increased the role of non-governmental organizations(NGOs) in assisting the defectors' adaptation to their new society has become more important.To increase the successfulness and effectiveness of NGO activities, their experiences were surveyed and analyzed. Methods: Representatives or acting staffs of 11 NGOs presently supporting North Korean defectors' adaptation to South Korean society were interviewed by researchers between June 21 and October 14, 2000.And one focus group discussion meeting with 26 NGO personnel from 13 NGOs was held on November 4, 2000. Results: As for their stated purpose of activity; to help defectors become good citizens (7), to transform defectors into mediate personnel between North and South Korea (5), to protect the human rights of the North Korean people (3), and th advocate their religions (3).Out of the 11 organizations, only 5 had their own educational program for volunteers.The contents of the NGO's support for volunteers were as follows; counseling (7), introduction of employment and job education (6), direct financial support (5), creation of one-to-one relationships (4), assistance for their religious life (2), assistance with English study and mathematics (1), and medical service (1).NGOs listed the following difficulties; financial (7), human relationship with defectors (6), lack of volunteers and management of them (4), problems in the relationship with the South Korean government (3).NGOs stated a need for close cooperation with other NGOs, involving the activation of NGOs Association (5), and co-operative joint actions (4).Conclusion: Firstly, NGOs need to specialize in their field of activity.Their lack of specialized areas and of ability is the man obstacles to NGOs intercooperation and a major impediment on their effective operation.Secondly, NGOs should be careful in their direct financial support to defectors, because such a form of support has many serious governmental cooperation.The government also needs to have a more open mind in its dealings with NGOs.Fourthly, NGOs should cooperate, especially in areas of joint concern such as volunteer education program.Fifthly, NGOs should pay attention to their volunteers' personnel management and development.Sixthly, NGOs need to increase the degree of activeness with which defectors seek support from NGOs.Usually, it is the NGOs, which play an active role in the support process, so that defectors become passive and dependent leading to many problems.

자원봉사자들의 탈북자 지원 경험 분석 : 설문결과를 중심으로

강성록,김형중,윤덕룡,전우택,민성길 연세대학교 통일연구원 2001 통일연구 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives: Since 1994, the number of North Korean defectors, escaping North Korea and entering South Korea, has in creased rapidly.The Government has provided most of te support for the defectors' adaptation to their new society.But as the number of defectors has increased, and the support needs have become more various, the support of volunteers from non-governmental organization(NGO) has become very important.To raise the level of the success and effectiveness of the support from the volunteers, their experiences were surveyed and analyzed. Methods: This study surveyed 83 volunteers of 7 NGOs involved in helping North Korean defectors' adaptation to South Korean society-48 men and 34 women. Results: In their relationships with defectors, women volunteers have more difficulties in their first 3 months.However volunteers in their 50s and 60s tend to have more stable and better relationships with defectors than younger volunteers.Many volunteers statedexperiences of human difficulties with defectors, for example, mistrust and anxiety in human relationship (n=34, 41.0%), psychological maladjustment(n=19, 22.9%), different ways of thinking and culture(n=17, 20.5%), economic difficulties(n=10, 12.0%), and lack of independence spirit(n=6, 7.2%).The volunteers said they have feelings of goddwill toward defectors when defectors showed warm heart(n=30, 36.1%), politeness(n=30, 36.1%), positive and active character (n=24, 28.9%), strong will(n=17, 20.5%), and plainness (n=14, 16.0%).The volunteers stated an absence of goodwill feelings to defectors when defectors showed uncompromising and aggressive attitudes (n=29, 34.9%), lack of independent will (n=28, 33.7%), selfishness (n=18, 21.7%), and avoidance of making human relationship (n=16, 19.3%).as for adequate training before commencing activity, 5 volunteers(6.0%) said they had received enough education before their activity, 31(37.3%) relatively enough, 38 (45.8%) relatively not enough, and 9 (10.8%) absolutely not enough education.If they were the owners of al company, 27 volunteers (51.9%) sanid they would want to thire defectors even if the defectors did not have the required ability. Conclusion: These results showed that NGO's volunteers have a friendlier attitude to defectors than policemen n charge and public officials, which is their strong point.Women volunteers experience more difficulties in their early relationships with defectors, suggesting the need for a specific pre-education program for women volunteers.Furthermore, NGOs would benefit from an increase in the number of volunteers in their 50's and 60's.Both volunteers and defectors need to understand each othe to a deeprer extent and the characteristics to which South Korean volunteers feel goodwill need to be used n their education.

과류차단밸브(EFV) 설치기준 마련을 위한 LPG 공급라인의 동적 해석

전형택(Hyung Taek Jeon),김재하(Jae Ha Kim),유기종(Gi Jong Yu),김준현(Hyeon Jun Kim),이종화(Jong Hwa Lee) 한국가스학회 2017 한국가스학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Characteristics of Non-phosphor White-LED Grown by Mixed-source HVPE

Hyung Soo Ahn,Hun Soo Jeon,Sun Lyeong Hwang,Chung Hyun Lee,Sang Huyn Hong,In Hye Heo,Eun Joo Kim,Young Hun Han,Kyung Hwa Kim,Min Yang,Suck Whan Kim,In Sung Cho,Won Taek Lim,Jae Hak Lee,Sang Kee Shee 한국표면공학회 2008 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2008 No.-

Metalloid tellurium-doped graphene nanoplatelets as ultimately stable electrocatalysts for cobalt reduction reaction in dye-sensitized solar cells

Jeon, In-Yup,Kim, Hong Mo,Kweon, Do Hyung,Jung, Sun-Min,Seo, Jeong-Min,Shin, Sun-Hee,Choi, In Taek,Eom, Yu Kyung,Kang, Sung Ho,Kim, Hwan Kyu,Ju, Myung Jong,Baek, Jong-Beom Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.30 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>One feasible alternative to Pt catalyst in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is metalloid tellurium (Te)-doped graphene nanoplatelets (TeGnPs). These were prepared by ball-milling graphite in the presence of Te crystals. Introduction of Te at the edges of TeGnPs was confirmed with various analytical techniques including time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The resultant TeGnPs are herein evaluated as counter electrode (CE) materials for the cobalt reduction reaction (CRR) in DSSCs. TeGnP-CE exhibits much lower charge transfer resistance (<I>R</I> <SUB>ct</SUB>=0.15Ωcm<SUP>2</SUP>) than that (<I>R</I> <SUB>ct</SUB>=1.77Ωcm<SUP>2</SUP>) of Pt-CE. More importantly, TeGnP-CE displays an extreme electrochemical stability for the Co(bpy)<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>2+/3+</SUP> (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) redox couple even after 1000 potential cycles. The SM315-based DSSC fabricated with TeGnP-CE shows a better power conversion efficiency (PCE=11.58%) than that with Pt-CE (11.03%), suggesting that TeGnP-CE could be one of the best alternatives to Pt-CE in DSSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Tellurium (Te)-doped graphene nanoplatelets (TeGnPs) was, for the first time, prepared by mechanochemical reaction. </LI> <LI> TeGnPs were tested as a material for counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). </LI> <LI> TeGnPs showed much low charge transfer resistance, extreme electrochemical stability and high power conversion efficiency compared with conventional Pt-CE. </LI> <LI> The results suggested that TeGnPs can be one of the best alternatives to expensive Pt-CE. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Tellurium-doped graphene nanoplatelets (TeGnPs) electrocatalysts for cobalt reduction reaction (CRR) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) displayed much higher electrocatalytic activities with almost ‘zero-loss’ electrochemical stability than did Pt.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Measurement of angularly dependent spectra of betatron gamma-rays from a laser plasma accelerator with quadrant-sectored range filters

Jeon, Jong Ho,Nakajima, Kazuhisa,Kim, Hyung Taek,Rhee, Yong Joo,Pathak, Vishwa Bandhu,Cho, Myung Hoon,Shin, Jung Hun,Yoo, Byung Ju,Jo, Sung Ha,Shin, Kang Woo,Hojbota, Calin,Bae, Lee Jin,Jung, Jaehyung American Institute of Physics 2016 Physics of plasmas Vol.23 No.7

Determination of chlorogenic acids and caffeine in homemade brewed coffee prepared under various conditions

Jeon, Jong-Sup,Kim, Han-Taek,Jeong, Il-Hyung,Hong, Se-Ra,Oh, Moon-Seog,Park, Kwang-Hee,Shim, Jae-Han,Abd El-Aty, A.M. Elsevier 2017 Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technolog Vol.1064 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Coffee, a complex mixture of more than 800 volatile compounds, is one of the most valuable commodity in the world, whereas caffeine and chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are the most common compounds. CGAs are mainly composed of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs), and feruloylquinic acids (FQAs). The major CGAs in coffee are neochlorogenic acid (3-CQA), cryptochlorogenic acid (4-CQA), and chlorogenic acid (5-CQA). Many studies have shown that it is possible to separate the isomers of FQAs by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, some authors have shown that it is not possible to separate 4-feruloylquinic acid (4-FQA) and 5-feruloylquinic acid (5-FQA) by HPLC. Therefore, the present study was designated to investigate the chromatographic problems in the determination of CGAs (seven isomers) and caffeine using HPLC-DAD. The values of determination coefficient (<I>R<SUP>2</SUP> </I>) calculated from external-standard calibration curves were >0.998. The recovery rates conducted at 3 spiking levels ranged from 99.4% to 106.5% for the CGAs and from 98.8% to 107.1% for the caffeine. The precision values (expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs)) were <7% and <3% for intra and interday variability, respectively. The tested procedure proved to be robust. The seven CGAs isomers except 4-FQA and 5-FQA were well distinguished and all gave good peak shapes. We have found that 4-FQA and 5-FQA could not be separated using HPLC. The method was extended to investigate the effects of different brewing conditions such as the roasting degree of green coffee bean, coffee-ground size, and numbers of boiling-water pours, on the concentration of CGAs and caffeine in homemade brewed coffee, using nine green coffee bean samples of different origins. It was reported that medium-roasted, fine-ground coffees brewed using three pours of boiling water were the healthiest coffee with fluent CGAs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chromatographic problems were solved to determine the quantities of various chlorogenic acids (CGAs) in coffee. </LI> <LI> HPLC method was developed for the separation of CGAs and caffeine. </LI> <LI> Effects of different conditions on the quantities of CGAs and caffeine in brewed coffee were evaluated. </LI> <LI> The major chlorogenic acid was 5-caffeoylquinic acid (not 3-caffeoylquinic acid). </LI> <LI> Medium-roasted fine-ground coffees brewed using three pours of boiling water were the healthiest. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

단안증(Cyclopia)을 동반한 전전뇌 1예

전영훈,엄형택,김성환,김상우,조혜제,김성숙 인제대학교 1985 仁濟醫學 Vol.6 No.3

A female baby was delivered at 36 weeks of gestation from 22 years-old mother, and expired 30 minutes after delivery. Single orbital cavity was situated in the middle of face containing one eyeball with two corneas. Tunnel shaped proboscis presented above single median eye. The atrophic brain was located ant. part of cranial cavity and posterior part was occupied with large cyst containing serous fluid. Two hemispheres were not divided, ventricle was single cavity. Other organ Showed no abnormality. Karyotype was mixoploid (25 normal female, 5 hypodiploid karyotype)

Alternariol Monomethyl Ether and $\alpha,\;\beta$-Dehydrocurvularin from Endophytic Fungi Alternaria spp. Inhibit Appressorium Formation of Magnaporthe grisea

Jeon, Yul-Taek,Ryu, Ki-Hyun,Kang, Min-Kyoung,Park, Si-Hyung,Yun, Ho-Seop,Qt, Pham,Kim, Soo-Un The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2010 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.53 No.1

Appressorium formation pathway of Magnaporthe grisea (M. grisea) is a new target for developing rice blast controlling agent. Inhibitory activity of endophytic fungi against the appressorium formation of M. grisea was screened. Two compounds displaying the activity were isolated from Alternaria tenuissima and Alternaria sp. isolated from the leaves of Acacia mangium and were identified as alternariol monomethyl ether and (4S)-$\alpha,\beta$-dehydrocurvularin with $IC_{50}s$ of 51.0 and 10.6 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. These compounds were of no practical implication due to its low activity. However, they would serve as biochemical tool to study appressorium development.

정신분열증의 임상 유형과 항정신병약물 투여가 대뇌비대칭성에 미치는 영향

전우택,김찬형,민성길 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.1

정신분열증의 증상 유형과 항정신병약물이 대뇌비대칭성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 정상대조군, 정신분열증 비투약군, 정신분열증 투약군 각각 29명을 대상으로 본 실험을 실시하였다. 정신분열증의 증상 평가는 PANSS(Kay등, 1986)를 사용하였고 대뇌비대칭성의 평가는 visual hemifield 기법과 순간노출기법을 이용하여 한글과 한자를 읽게 하여 정답률과 반응시간, 그리고 각각의 좌우시야간의 편측비를 측정하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 정신분열증은 정상인에 비해 정답률의 편측비가 증가하였고 이것은 좌반구 보다도 우반구의 정답률이 더 크게 감소한데 기인하였다. 2) 정신분열증 증상을 PANSS 하위척도에 의하여 평가하였을때, 양성척도 점수와 대뇌비대칭성(편측비) 간에는 상관관계가 있었던 반면에, 음성척도 점수와는 상관관계가 없었다. 또한 증상점수와 편측비간에 상관관계가 있는 증상들은 대부분 양성증상들 이었으며, 음상증상들 중에는 상관관계가 있는 증상이 거의 없었다. 3) 항정신병 약물 투여는 대뇌비대칭성(편측비) 정도와 양성척도, 일반척도 및 총척도 점수와의 상관관계를 유의하게 증가시켰으며, 반면에 음성척도와의 상관관계에는 영향을 끼치지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 정신분열증의 양성증상과 음성증상이 각기 다른 신경생리적 기전을 가지고 있을 가능성을 시사한다. Object : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of schizophrenia clinical subtypes and antipsychotics adminstration on brain asymmetry. Method : Twenty-nine normal controls, 29 non-medicated schizophrenic patients, 29 antipsychotics-medicated schizophrenic patients were studied. Clinical subtypes of schizophrenia were evaluated by PANSS and brain asymmetry was determined by visual hemifield and tachistoscopic method. Result : The positive symptom score had a high correlation with brain asymmetricity (laterality score), but the negative symptom score did not have a significant correlation. Also, the symptom items which had statistically significant correlation with laterality score were almost always positive symptoms and rarely negative symptoms. Antipsychotics increased the correlation of laterality score with the positive symptom score, but not with the negative symptom score. Conclusion : These results support the hypothesis that the positive symptoms and the negative symptoms of schizophrenia have a different neurophysiological mechanism.