암모니아성 질소(NH_4^+-N)제거를 위한 제올라이트성 물질의 제조

류태공,류재춘,한명식,김철규,김영호,양현수 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.17 No.2

The objectives of this study were to synthesize high ion-exchangeable zeolitic materials prepared from coal fly ash and to determine the adsorption capacities for the removal of NH_4^+4-N in wastewater For comparison. NH_4^+-N adsorption capacities of commercial, natural, and synthetic(4A type, Si0_2/Al_2O_3=1.98. Na_2O/SiO_2=1.54. H_2O/Na_2O=46.95) zeolites were investigated at the same condition. Zeolitic materials were prepared from coal fly ash by hydrothermal reaction with various NaOH concentrations at the reaction time of 4h and the reaction temperature of 100℃. It showed that the zeolitic material prepared at a 4M-NaOH concentration had the most NH_4^+-N adsorption capacity. Theremoval efficiency of NH_4^+-N on the zeolitic material was little difference compared with those on natural and commercial zeolites, though it was lower than that on a synthetic zeolite(4A type). As a result, it is expected that the prepared zeolitic material could be applicable to adsorbent for the NH_4^+-N removal in wastewater.

가토 외고정 모델을 이용한 치밀체형 세라믹스의 골결합능 평가

이재협,이동호,이재학,공현식,안영준,류현승,서준혁,홍국선,김환,장봉순,이춘기 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Successful Treatment of Failed Ulnar Osteotomy by Concurrent Radial Osteotomy in a Forearm Malunion

Hyun Sik Gong(공현식),Seung Joon Lee(이승준),Young Ho Lee(이영호),Goo Hyun Baek(백구현) 대한정형외과학회 2011 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.46 No.6

전완골 간부 부정유합에서 변형이 심한 쪽만 교정할지 모두 교정할지는 이견이 있다. 저자들은 전완골 부정유합에서 상대적으로 변형이 심한 척골에 대해서만 미용적인 목적으로 절골술을 2차례 받았으나 골 유합이 되지 않아 의뢰된 환자를 보고하고자 한다. 저자들은 척골과 함께 요골에 대해서도 교정 절골술을 하였고 마침내 골 유합이 이루어졌다. 이 증례는 전완골 부정유합에서 요골과 척골중 하나가 변형이 심하지 않더라도 동시에 교정하여야 만족스러운 골 유합이 이루어질 수 있음을 시사한다. We present a patient with malunion of the ulna and radius, who experienced 2 consecutive healing failures after osteotomy of the ulnar malunion only. The purpose of the surgery was for cosmetic reasons. Healing was finally obtained when a seemingly minimal malunion of the radius was corrected as well. This case suggests concurrent correction of both bone forearm malunion may be required to ensure satisfactory healing

Oblique closing wedge osteotomy and lateral plate fixation for cubitus varus deformity in adults

Hyun Sik Gong,Moon Sang Chung,Goo Hyun Baek,Joo Han Oh,Young Ho Lee,Ho Kyoo Lee,Sung Woo Bin 대한견주관절의학회 2007 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.5

Spinal Sagittal Imbalance is Associated with Vertebral Fracture without a Definite History of Falls: Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study of Cohort with and without a Distal Radius Fracture

Hyun Sik Gong 대한골대사학회 2023 대한골대사학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Background: Treating osteoporosis in patients with a distal radius fracture (DRF) became paramount at the Fracture Liaison Service. Spinal sagittal imbalance emerged as a risk factor for subsequent fractures. Therefore, here we investigated the spinal profile of patients with DRF to investigate its association with a history of falls and prevalent vertebral fractures. Methods: We reviewed the cases of 162 women presenting with DRF and 162 age-matched women without fracture who underwent an osteoporosis evaluation including bone mineral density (BMD) and lateral spine imaging. We compared the incidence of prevalent vertebral fracture and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) to measure spinal sagittal imbalance. We also performed a regression analysis of the risks of prevalent vertebral fracture, such as age, body mass index (BMI), BMD, and SVA. Results: The SVA was significantly smaller (indicating more stable sagittal balance) in patients with a DRF versus controls (16 mm vs. 34 mm, respectively; P<0.001). The incidence of a prevalent vertebral fracture was similar between groups (12% vs. 15%, respectively; P=0.332). In both groups, the SVA was significantly greater in those with versus without a vertebral fracture. The vertebral fracture was significantly associated with age and SVA but not BMI or spinal BMD. Conclusions: Spinal sagittal balance was superior in DRF patients, yet the frequency of prevalent vertebral fractures was similar. The identification of this unique spinal profile in patients with DRF may increase our understanding of osteoporotic fractures.

원위 요골 골절과 동반된 관절 내 손상

공현식(Hyun Sik Gong),배기정(Kee Jeong Bae),백구현(Goo Hyun Baek) 대한정형외과학회 2013 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.48 No.2

원위 요골 골절과 동반될 수 있는 관절 내 손상으로 수근 인대의 손상과 삼각 섬유 연골 복합체의 손상이 대표적이다. 노인에서 저에너지 손상에 의한 골다공증성 골절에 동반되는 경우는 골절에 대한 석고 고정으로 그 치료가 충분하여 임상적으로 문제가 되지 않는 경우가 많다. 그러나 활동적인 연령에서 발생한 고에너지 손상에 의한 골절인 경우는 동반된 관절 내 손상이 골절 치유 후에도 계속적인 통증 및 장애의 원인이 될 수 있다. 특히 최근 요골 골절을 견고하게 내고정하고 조기에 관절 운동을 도모하는 경향이 생기면서 그동안 오랜 고정으로 자연치유되어 왔던 관절 내 손상의 문제점이 더 뚜렷하게 드러날 수 있다. 방사선 검사와 투시 사진 및 관절경 검사 등을 통하여 수근 인대의 손상을 진단할 수 있으며 골간 인대의 완전 파열이 의심될 때에는 경피적 핀 삽입술로 고정할 수 있다. 삼각 섬유 연골 복합체 손상에서는 골절에 대하여 해부학적 정복 및 견고한 고정을 한 후에 원위 요척 관절의 안정성을 평가해야 하며, 불안정성이 있다면 개방적 방법이나 관절경하에서 삼각 섬유 연골 복합체의 봉합을 시행할 수 있다. 원위 요골 골절 환자에서 동반되는 관절 내 손상의 가능성을 항상 염두에 두고 조기에 발견하여 불안정성이 유발될 정도의 완전 손상에 대해서는 적극적인 수술적 치료를 시행하는 것이 더 좋은 결과를 가져올 수 있다. Distal radius fractures are commonly associated with intra-articular injuries such as carpal ligament injuries and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries. Such injuries occurring in elderly patients with a low-energy distal radius fracture can be treated successfully with cast immobilization and do not usually lead to clinical problems. However, despite healing of the fracture, some intra-articular injuries, especially in active patients with a high-energy fracture, can result in persistent pain and disability. In addition, the current trend of internal fixation and early use of the wrist may actually increase instability due to inadequate healing of the ligament injuries. Due to a lack of typical symptoms and physical findings in acute fracture settings, detection of these injuries is not easy. Arthroscopic examination, as well as radiographs and intraoperative fluoroscopic findings, are useful in detection of carpal ligament injuries. Complete ruptures of intercarpal interosseous ligaments warrant temporary interosseous fixation using K-wires. In TFCC injuries, distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability should be assessed after anatomical reduction and fixation of a distal radius fracture. Operative treatments such as open or arthroscopic repair of TFCC to the fovea can guarantee greater stability of the DRUJ. For optimal results, early detection and appropriate treatment of intra-articular injuries associated with distal radius fractures is critical.

Clinical practice guidelines for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Chung Hyun Tae,Ju Yup Lee,Moon Kyung Joo,Chan Hyuk Park,Eun Jeong Gong,Cheol Min Shin,Hyun Lim,Hyuk Soon Choi,Miyoung Choi,Sang Hoon Kim,Chul-Hyun Lim,Jeong-Sik Byeon,Ki-Nam Shim,Geun Am Song,Moon Sun 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.4

With an aging population, the number of patients with difficulty in swallowing due to medical conditions is gradually increasing. In such cases, enteral nutrition is administered through a temporary nasogastric tube. However, the long-term use of a nasogastric tube leads to various complications and a decreased quality of life. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the percutaneous placement of a tube into the stomach that is aided endoscopically and may be an alternative to a nasogastric tube when enteral nutritional is required for four weeks or more. This paper is the first Korean clinical guideline for PEG developed jointly by the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research and led by the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. These guidelines aimed to provide physicians, including endoscopists, with the indications, use of prophylactic antibiotics, timing of enteric nutrition, tube placement methods, complications, replacement, and tube removal for PEG based on the currently available clinical evidence.

Clinical Practice Guideline for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

Tae Chung Hyun,Lee Ju Yup,Joo Moon Kyung,Park Chan Hyuk,Gong Eun Jeong,Shin Cheol Min,Lim Hyun,Choi Hyuk Soon,Choi Miyoung,Kim Sang Hoon,Lim Chul-Hyun,Byeon Jeong-Sik,Shim Ki-Nam,Song Geun Am,Lee Moon 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.1

With an aging population, the number of patients with difficulty swallowing due to medical conditions is gradually increasing. In such cases, enteral nutrition is administered through a temporary nasogastric tube. Long-term use of a nasogastric tube leads to various complications and a decreased quality of life. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the percutaneous placement of a tube into the stomach, aided endoscopically, which may be an alternative to a nasogastric tube when enteral nutritional is required for 4 weeks or more. This paper is the first Korean clinical guideline for PEG. It was developed jointly by the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research and led by the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. These guidelines aimed to provide physicians, including endoscopists, with the indications, use of prophylactic antibiotics, timing of enteric nutrition, tube placement methods, complications, replacement, and tubes removal for PEG based on the currently available clinical evidence.

내반 변형을 동반한 족무지 다지증 환자의 특성과 치료

노두현(Du Hyun Ro),정문상(Moon Sang Chung),백구현(Goo Hyun Baek),이혁진(Hyuk Jin Lee),송철호(Cheol Ho Song),김형민(Hyoungmin Kim),공현식(Hyun Sik Gong) 대한정형외과학회 2012 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.47 No.1

NCEI레이어 모델에 관한연구

손현식(Hyun-sik Son),이태공(Tae-gong Lee) 한국통신학회 2012 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.37 No.4B

미래의 전장환경이 플랫폼기반 전쟁에서 네트워크기반전쟁으로 변화되고 있다. NCO(Net Centric Operation)는 강력한 네트워크를 기반으로 구성된 그리드를 통하여 전투원 간 정보공유, 상황인식 공유, 의사결정 및 행동의 동기화를 통해 전투력 향상을 구현하기 위한 작전개념이다. 또한, 이러한 작전환경은 물리, 정보, 인지 및 사회도메인으로 구성이 된다. 플랫폼환경에서의 시스템은 대부분이 물리 및 정보도메인과 연관되어 있으며 OSI 7 레이어로 표현이 가능하다. 그러나, OSI 7 레이어로는 인지 및 사회도메인을 포함한 NCW 환경을 표현하는 것에는 제한사항이 있어 NCW 환경을 표현하는 새로운 모델이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 OSI 7 레이어, NCO 효과분석 모델 및 NCW 아키텍처 택사노미를 중점적으로 분석하고 분석된 내용을 바탕으로 NCW환경을 표현할 수 있는 모델을 개발하였다. 이렇게 개발된 모델은 NCW 아키텍처 택사노미에 적용하여 NCW 환경을 표현하고 이를 바탕으로 효과분석 및 군사력 건설(NCW 작전개념, 획득)에 활용이 가능함을 제시하였다. The future battlefield environment has changed platform centric warfare into a network centric warfare. The NCO is a operational concept to improve combat power through information sharing, shared situational awareness, decision making and synchronized action based on powerful network grid. In addition, these operational environment is composed of physical, information, cognitive and social domains. The platform environment system is associated with the OSI 7 layer. However, OSI 7 layer is limited to express NCW environment including cognitive and social domains. Therefore, we requires a new model for expressing cognitive and social domains. After we developed a new model, this model applied to the NCW architecture taxonomy.