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Nam Gook Kee,Hyun Soo Kim,최현정,Hyoung-June KIM,서영록 대한암예방학회 2021 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.26 No.3
Air pollutants are in the spotlight because the human body can easily be exposed to them. Among air pollutants, the particulate matter (PM) represents one of the most serious toxicants that can enter the human body through various exposure routes. PMs have various adverse effects and classified as severe carcinogen by International Agency for Research on Cancer. Their physical and chemical characteristics are distinguished by their size. In this review, we summarized the published information on the physicochemical characteristics and adverse effects of PMs on the skin, including carcinogenicity. Through comparisons of biological networks constructed from relationships discussed in the previous scientific publications, we show it is possible to predict skin cancers and other disorders from particle-size-specific signaling alterations of PM-responsive genes. Our review not only helps to grasp the biological association between ambient PMs and skin diseases including cancer, but also provides new approaches to interpret chemical-gene-disease associations regarding the adverse effects of these heterogeneous particles.
TRPV1 on astrocytes rescues nigral dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease via CNTF
Nam, Jin H.,Park, Eun S.,Won, So-Yoon,Lee, Yu A.,Kim, Kyoung I.,Jeong, Jae Y.,Baek, Jeong Y.,Cho, Eun J.,Jin, Minyoung,Chung, Young C.,Lee, Byoung D.,Kim, Sung Hyun,Kim, Eung-Gook,Byun, Kyunghee,Lee, Oxford University Press 2015 Brain Vol.138 No.12
<P>Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has a neuroprotective effect on dopaminergic neurons. Nam <I>et al.</I> report that the capsaicin receptor TRPV1 expressed on astrocytes mediates the production of endogenous CNTF to inhibit degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in two rodent models of Parkinson's disease.</P><P> [Figure] </P><P>Currently there is no neuroprotective or neurorestorative therapy for Parkinson’s disease. Here we report that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) on astrocytes mediates endogenous production of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), which prevents the active degeneration of dopamine neurons and leads to behavioural recovery through CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFRα) on nigral dopamine neurons in both the MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-lesioned or adeno-associated virus α-synuclein rat models of Parkinson’s disease. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis of human post-mortem substantia nigra from Parkinson’s disease suggests that this endogenous neuroprotective system (TRPV1 and CNTF on astrocytes, and CNTFRα on dopamine neurons) might have relevance to human Parkinson’s disease. Our results suggest that activation of astrocytic TRPV1 activates endogenous neuroprotective machinery <I>in vivo</I> and that it is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.</P>
가상 포인팅 디바이스 구현을 위한 시스템 개발에 관한연구
최남석(Nam-Seok Choi),이승재(Yong-Hyun Hwang),황용현(Seung-Jae Lee),김남우(Nam-Woo Kim),이준재(Jun-Jae Lee),이병국(Byung-Gook Lee) 한국멀티미디어학회 2006 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
Ubiquitous를 지향하는 현 사회에서는 기존의 장비들에 Ubiquitous 개념을 도입한 새로운 장비들이 속속들이 개발되어지고 있다. 예전의 Text 기반 DOS 운영체제를 거쳐 GUI기반의 윈도우 운영체제의 변화에 의해, 키보드 뿐 만 아니라 마우스와 같은 장비들을 이용한 시각적인 인터 렉션이 필요하게 되었다. 하지만 이러한 인터렉션을 제공하는 모든 디바이스들은 컴퓨터와 사용자 사이에 직접 연결되어 동작하는 형식을 벗어나지 못하므로 지역적 제약이라는 단점을 탈피하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 우리는 기존의 포인팅 디바이스에 Ubiquitous 개념을 도입한 신개념의 포인팅 디바이스를 개발함으로써 그 지역적 제약을 탈피해 보고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 USB카메라를 이용하여 사용자의 동작을 인식한 후, 컴퓨터에 인터렉션을 발생시킴으로써 기존의 포인팅 디바이스인 마우스를 대신할 새로운 포인팅 디바이스 방법을 제안하고자 한다.
Enantioselective carbonyl reduction of eperisone in human liver microsomes
Yoo, Hye Hyun,Kim, Nam-Sun.,Kim, Min Jung,Shin, Dongyun,Shin, Jae-Gook,Kim, Dong-Hyun Informa Healthcare 2011 Xenobiotica Vol.41 No.9
<OL><LI><P>Eperisone, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-3-piperidinopropiophenone, is a centrally acting muscle relaxant widely used to relieve muscle stiffness and back pain. In this study, enantioselectivity for carbonyl reduction of eperisone was investigated in human liver microsomes, and the enzymes involved in the carbonyl reduction were characterised.</P></LI><LI><P>Carbonyl reduction of eperisone predominantly occurred in microsomal fractions and 11β棺-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β棺-HSD 1) played a major role in this reaction as judged by selective inhibition of the activity by BVT-14225 and KR-66344. The kinetic study with (++)-S- and (−??)-R-eperisone showed that the formation of the carbonyl reduced metabolite (M5) from the (−??)-R-isomer was more efficient than that from the (−??)-S-isomer.</P></LI><LI><P>As eperisone is a racemic compound with one chiral centre, the carbonyl reduced metabolite of eperisone (M5) may have four possible diastereoisomeric structures. Chiral separation of incubation mixtures of racemic eperisone with human liver microsome revealed that (1S, 2S)-M5 and (1R, 2R)-M5 were generated specifically from (++)-S- and (−??)-R-eperisone, respectively. Selective formation of anti-diastereomers was further confirmed by incubation of individual enantiomer with microsomes.</P></LI><LI><P>Carbonyl reduction of eperisone by microsomal 11β棺-HSD 1 may significantly contribute to the metabolic disposition of eperisone in human and (−??)-R-isomer is preferentially reduced by this enzyme.</P></LI></OL>
광경화성 아크릴레이트 복합체를 이용한 나노 임프린트 패턴 형성
송기국(Ki Gook Song),김성현(Sung Hyun Kim),박선희(Sun Hee Park),문성남(Sung Nam Moon),이우일(Woo Il Lee) 한국고분자학회 2012 폴리머 Vol.36 No.4
실리카 입자가 첨가된 광경화성 임프린트용 복합체를 제조하여 실리카 양에 따른 경화 특성과 전사된 수 백 나노미터 크기의 임프린트 패턴 형성에 관한 결함을 조사하였다. 상온에서 UV 경화한 임프린트 레진은 실리카 양 이 증가할수록 탄성률이 커지고 수축률이 줄어드는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 실리카 입자의 양이 7 wt% 이상인 경우 전사된 나노기둥끼리 서로 달라붙는 결함을 보이는데, 이는 실리카 입자가 광반응을 방해하여 임프린트 레진 의 경화가 불완전하게 되면서 광경화된 레진의 점성이 증가했기 때문이다. 임프린트 레진에 실리카 입자를 충전제로 사용하면 경화 후 나노 패턴의 강도를 증가하여 형태를 유지하는데 도움이 되지만, 실리카 양이 7 wt% 이상이 되면 오히려 광반응 전환율이 떨어져 임프린트 공정에 의한 나노 패턴의 전사가 어려운 것을 알 수 있다. The effects of silica content were studied on UV curing characteristics and defect formations in imprinted patterns of hundreads nanometer size for the photo-curable imprinting composites with silica particles. An increase in elasticity and a decrease in shrinkage were observed with an increase in silica content in the imprinting resin which was UV cured at room temperature. However, the patterned nano-pillars were stuck together with neighboring nano-pillars if the amount of silica is more than 7 wt%. This can be ascribed to the increased viscosity of imperfectly cured resin due to the obstruction of the photo-reaction by silica particles. Addition of silica to the imprinting resin is useful in enhancing the strength of the cured resin although it is difficult to get good imprinted patterns for the resin with more than 7 wt% of silica due to the reduction of photo-reaction conversion.
강현국(Kang Hyun Gook),김만철(Kim Man Cheol),박주남(Park Joo Nam),왕종배(Wang Jong Bae) 한국철도학회 2007 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
In order to overcome the difficulties of quantitative risk analysis such as complexity of model, we propose a systematic methodology for risk quantification of railway system which consists of 6 steps: The identification of risk factors, the determination of major scenarios for each risk factor by using event tree, the development of supplementary fault trees for evaluating branch probabilities, the evaluation of event probabilities, the quantification of risk, and the analysis in consideration of accident situation. In this study, in order to address the feasibility of the propose methodology, this framework is applied to the prototype risk model of nation-wide railway level crossings. And the quantification result based on the data of 2005 in Korea will also be presented.
퍼지 AHP 적용에 있어서 평가자 신뢰도와 위험인식 성향의 반영
박찬국(Chan-Gook Park),남지희(Ji-Hee Nam),이영건(Young-Gun Lee),김관현(Kwan-Hyun Kim),최기련(Gi-Ryun Choi) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2007 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.30 No.1
In general, reliability of AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) depends on pairwise comparison of evaluators. In addition, human judgment on the importance of alternatives or criteria is always imprecise and vague. To cope with these shortcomings, Fuzzy AHP is suggested and used widely recently. But in Fuzzy AHP, it cannot deal with the evaluator’s various attitudes towards risk and confidence owing to evaluator"s different expertise and experience. This paper proposes a method for consideration of evaluator’s confidence and risk attitude in Fuzzy AHP. And suggested methods are applied various scenarios to verify the meaningfulness. The result shows that the priority of alternatives can be change through the consideration of evaluator’s confidence and risk attitude.
플라즈마용사한 Mo 및 Co합금 피복층의 상변태거동 및 고온기계적성질
김병기,남태현,하국현,조규봉,이수완 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1997 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.35 No.10
Phase transformation behaviours and high temperature mechanical properties of Mo and Co alloy coating layers made by plasma spray coating method have been investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, high temperature microvickers hardness and wear tests. The splat is relatively flat with the boundary in Mo coating layers, whereas wavy in Co alloy coating layers at high temperature. Crystallization of Co alloy coating layers which were amorphous at room temperature started to occur at about 1073 K and consequently Co_7Mo_6 and Co₃Ma compounds were formed. Wear volume of Co alloy coating layers almost kept constant with increasing temperature below 1073 K, and then started to increase at 1073 K. This was attributed to the crystallization which resulted in decrease in hardness- Wear resistance of Co alloy coating layers was superior to that of Mo coating layer overall test temperatures.