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      • KCI등재
      • 국내 · 외 환자용 식품 관리 제도 고찰

        임효정 ( Hyojung Lim ),서정민 ( Jeong-meen Seo ) 한국정맥경장영양학회 2019 한국정맥경장영양학회지 Vol.11 No.1

        Enteral nutrition (EN) formulas are foods that are used to improve the nutritional status of patients and these foods’ safety and quality must be ensured. Therefore, EN formulas in other countries are managed differently from that of general foods. We investigated the direction of development of the relevant laws regulations and guidelines pertaining to EN formulas and we compared these laws regulations and guidelines from different countries, including Korea. The United States and Europe manage EN formulas as foods, but they are managed differently compared to general foods because of separate laws or programs pertaining to EN foods. In addition, the use of the formulas does not necessarily require a prescription, but when used by prescription, then medical insurance covers them. In Japan, there are two types of EN formulas, food and drug, and there are differences for their management and insurance coverage. In the case of Korea, EN formulas are classified as food and drug, and different management and insurance are applied in each case, which inhibits their systematic management and industrial development. Integration of a management system and establishment of a legal foundation is necessary for the systematic management and development of EN formula in Korea.

      • KCI등재

        Integrated Risk Management Method Development for Multiple Aerospace Projects Using a Single Index Expression

        Hyojung Ahn,Hongbae Kim,Han-Lim Choi 한국항공우주학회 2018 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.19 No.4

        Aerospace industry is integrated with state-of-the-art technology but uncertainty is increasing due to the lack of accumulated data. In addition, projects at aerospace research and development institutions have become large and complex. Accordingly, the organization’s top level has recognized the importance of risk-informed decision-making and performed risk management to operate the organization successfully. However, it is difficult to set the priorities of risk treatment as a whole in the aspect of managing risks of the organization because each project may have a difference in methods for the risk identification, assessment and determining risk levels. Thus, it is required to develop a standardized and quantitative method that can integrate risks in the level of each project to identify the status of risk management intuitively at the top level for all projects performed by the organization. This paper presents an index-based scheme for an organization-level risk management. To obtain the organization-level risk index, the risk index of each project is summed up by applying the weighting factors representing the priority of the project in the organization, such as budget. The risk index of each project is calculated by summing the levels of the risks and applying the weight factor according to the target schedule. The risk level is determined by probability and severity of the risks, which are calculated according to the quantitative evaluation standard. Based on this method, a risk model(R-Model) is established and applied to a research institute by using real data for 3 years. By analyzing the trends of the index, it can be confirmed that R-Model helps intuitively identify risks and make decisions at the top level. This paper is significant in developing an index-based scheme for an organization-level risk management and validating the proposed scheme through a case study on real projects of a major aerospace research institute.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Seasonality of Net Ecosystem Carbon Exchang in Two Major Plant Functional Types in Korea

        Hyojung Kwon,Tae-Yoon Park,Jinkyu Hong,Jong-Hwan Lim,Joon Kim 한국기상학회 2009 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.45 No.2

        The processes in terrestrial ecosystems forma dynamic boundary interface within the earth climate system. The ecosystems in Asia, which are characterized by their diverse plant functional types, are currently undergoing the most rapid land­use changes, likely changing the feedback mechanismin land­atmosphere interaction. In this paper, we report seasonal variability of carbon balance over twomajor plant functional types in Korea: (1) a deciduous forest in a complex terrain (GDK site) and (2) a farmland with heterogeneous mosaic patches in a relatively flat terrain (HFK site). Our analysis is based on the year 2006, which was considered near normal in the sense of climate change and was of high quality data. Annually integrated values of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE), and net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE) at the GDK site were 835, 746, and ­87 g C m<SUP>­2</SUP> whereas GPP, RE and NEE at the HFK site were 1003, 993, and ­10 g C m<SUP>­2</SUP>, respectively. Despite its greater GPP, the HFK site was a weaker carbon sink than the GDK site because the REwas as large as the GPP. The annual patterns of each carbon budget component had amid­season depression, showing two distinctive peaks with different timing and magnitude for the two sites. Such a different bimodal seasonality was associated with different timing and intensity of the disturbances such as summermonsoon and the subsequent passing of typhoons later in the season. As far as we know, this is the first observation of the occurrence ofmid­season depression of NEE, which is likely due to the reduced GPP rather than the enhanced RE. Considering the current changes in hydrological cycles in the Asian region, further investigations along with fluxmeasurements in the rain are needed to clarify the causal relationship of ecosystem properties (e.g., NEE) with disturbances (e.g., summer monsoon, typhoons) and management (e.g., crop rotation).

      • Palladium−Hydride-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Isomerization of 1-Alkenes

        Ahn, Hyojung,Son, Inyoung,Lee, Jinyong,Lim, Hwan Jung Wiley (John WileySons) 2017 Asian journal of organic chemistry Vol.6 No.3

        <P>New stable palladium-hydride complexes catalyze the highly regio- and stereoselective isomerization of 1-alkenes at multiple positions. Tuning the ligand and the reaction conditions allowed the position and geometry of the double bonds to be controlled with excellent conversions and selectivities. The catalytic species, a Pd-H complex, was prepared by reacting [LPdCl2] with a silver salt, followed by conversion into Pd-H by using a silyl hydride. The structures of the Pd complexes were determined by using X-ray crystal-lography and NMR spectroscopy.</P>

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        NMRe: a web server for NMR protein structure refinement with high-quality structure validation scores

        Ryu, Hyojung,Lim, GyuTae,Sung, Bong Hyun,Lee, Jinhyuk Oxford University Press 2016 Bioinformatics Vol. No.

        <P><B>Summary:</B> Protein structure refinement is a necessary step for the study of protein function. In particular, some nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structures are of lower quality than X-ray crystallographic structures. Here, we present NMRe, a web-based server for NMR structure refinement. The previously developed knowledge-based energy function STAP (Statistical Torsion Angle Potential) was used for NMRe refinement. With STAP, NMRe provides two refinement protocols using two types of distance restraints. If a user provides NOE (Nuclear Overhauser Effect) data, the refinement is performed with the NOE distance restraints as a conventional NMR structure refinement. Additionally, NMRe generates NOE-like distance restraints based on the inter-hydrogen distances derived from the input structure. The efficiency of NMRe refinement was validated on 20 NMR structures. Most of the quality assessment scores of the refined NMR structures were better than those of the original structures. The refinement results are provided as a three-dimensional structure view, a secondary structure scheme, and numerical and graphical structure validation scores.</P><P><B>Availability and implementation:</B> NMRe is available at http://psb.kobic.re.kr/nmre/</P><P><B>Contact:</B> jinhyuk@kribb.re.kr</P><P><B>Supplementary information:</B> Supplementary data are available at <I>Bioinformatics</I> online.</P>

      • KCI우수등재

        국내 어린이 위해성평가를 위한 노출계수 연구

        윤효정(Hyojung Yoon),서정관(Jungkwan Seo),김탁수(Taksoo Kim),김주현(Joohyun Kim),조아름(Areum Jo),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),임현우(Hyunwoo Lim),이대엽(Daeyeop Lee),김필제(),최경희(Kyunghee Choi),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3

        Objectives: Children may be more exposed to certain environmental contaminants because they react with greater sensitivity and have different food intakes and breathing rate per unit of body weight compared to adults. The aim of this study was to determine general exposure factors such as skin surface area, period and frequency of exposure, and others among Korean children aged ≤ 18 years old. This study was carried out as the first of its kind in Korea. Methods: We developed 23 recommended exposure factors for Korean children aged 0 to 18 years by reclassifying raw data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Statistical Information Service, as well as through investigation by experiments in the absence of related data. Results: Reflecting the activity patterns of about 9,000 children, the daily inhalation rates for long-term exposure ranged from 9.49 m 3 /day for children from birth to <2 years to 14.98 m 3 /day for children aged 16 to <18 years. The research found that Korean children spent an average of 22.21 hours indoors, 0.67 hours outdoors, and 1.12 hours in-transit every day. Young children (≤ 2 years old) spent approximately 34 more minutes outdoors on weekends than they did on weekdays. Conclusion: Various physiological variables in the human body reflect characteristics of children that can directly influence risk exposure. Therefore, the identification of general exposure factors based on Korean children is required for appropriate risk assessment.

      • KCI등재

        경기지역 여자고등학생의 과민성 장 증후군 빈도와 입시 스트레스, 정신 건강, 삶의 질에 관한 연구

        박효정(Park Hyojung),임선영(Lim Sun Young) 기본간호학회 2009 기본간호학회지 Vol.16 No.2

        Purpose: This study was done to examine the frequency of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), entrance examination stress, mental health, and quality of life among adolescent women. Methods: A survey conducted to collect data from 925 adolescent women in Gyeonggi Province. The measurements included the Rome Ⅲ criteria (to diagnose IBS), the entrance examination stress scale (to evaluate stress), symptom check list90R (SCL-90R to evaluate mental health), and World Health Organization Quality of Life Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF to evaluate quality of life). Frequency, x²-tests, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the SPSS 16.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: The frequency of IBS in the women was 22.8%. One hundred thirty eight women (65.4%) had the mixed constipation and diarrhea subtype of IBS. Compared to the women without IBS, those with IBS reported significantly higher scores on entrance examination stress scale, SCL-90R, all subscales of SCL-90R, and lower scores on WOLQOL-BREF. Conclusion: Nursing interventions targeting adolescent women with IBS should be developed in order to alleviate the associated stress and mental health and to promote quality of life.

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