VANET에서 프라이버시를 보호하는 효율적인 경로 추적 방법

이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),김상진(Sangjin Kim),오희국(Heekuck Oh) 한국정보보호학회 2010 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.20 No.4

차량 애드혹 네트워크에서는 차량의 프라이버시를 보장하지만 문제를 일으킨 차량을 식별할 수 있는 조건부 익명성이 제공되어야 한다. 이를 위해 제안된 기존 기법들은 개별 메시지의 익명성을 철회할 수 있는 기능을 제공하고 있다. 만약 차량의 운행 경로를 파악할 수 있다면 사고에서 책임소재 규명과 범죄 수사에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 기존 메시지 철회 기능을 이용하여 차량의 운행 경로를 파악할 수 있지만 대상 차량뿐만 아니라 다른 차량의 익명성도 철회가 되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문은 대상 차량을 제외한 다른 차량의 프라이버시를 침해하지 않으면서 차량의 운행 경로를 파악할 수 있는 효율적인 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 기존에 사용되는 메시지 인증 기법과 독립적으로 추가하여 사용할 수 있으며, 신뢰기관의 권한 남용을 방지하기 위한 메커니즘을 포함하고 있다. In VANETs (Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork), conditional anonymity must be provided to protect privacy of vehicles while enabling authorities to identify misbehaving vehicles. To this end, previous systems provide a mechanism to revoke the anonymity of individual messages. In VANET, if we can trace the movement path of vehicles, it can be useful in determining the liability of vehicles in car accidents and crime investigations. Although route tracing can be provided using previous message revocation techniques, they violate privacy of other vehicles. In this paper, we provide a route tracing technique that protects privacy of vehicles that are not targeted. The proposed method can be employed independently of the authentication mechanism used and includes a mechanism to prevent authorities from abusing this new function.

SWCNT 및 MWCNT의 기관내 점적주입 후 폐 계면활성제의 분석

이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),서정관(Jungkwan Seo),심일섭(Ilseob Shim),엄익춘(Igchun Eom),김필제(Plije Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are next-generation industrial nanoparticles which possess excellent mechanical strength along with good thermal conductivity and electric properties. Given these characteristics, carbon nanotubes are being widely applied in various fields, including research and development. However, concerns have been raised over hazardous properties due to their similar fiber shape to asbestos. Recent studies have shown that CNTs pose potential hazards which may cause fibrosis and/or lung inflammation similarly to asbestos. Methods: After intratracheal instillation of SWCNTs and MWCNTs to rats, pulmonary surfactant (PS) of the SWCNTs and MWCNTs was measured and analyzed using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from the lung. After a single intratracheal instillation of SWCNTs and MWCNTs, phospholipid predominantly showed a significant increase compared to the control group, while proteins exhibited a significant increase both three days and one week after instillation. Results: As a result of surface tension, MWCNTs showed a significant decrease three days after treatment compared to the control group. In the case of the total cell number three days after instillation, MWCNTs revealed a temporarily significant increase when compared to the control group. For PMN number, when compared to the control group, SWCNTs displayed a significant increase throughout the observation period, while MWCNTs showed a significant increase three days and three months after treatment. Conclusions: After exposure to CNTs, the total cell number and PNT number, which indicate inflammatory response, were significantly increased. Therefore, this study suggests fiber–shaped CNTs may have a harmful effect on the lungs.

BIW를 활용한 FMH시험 프로세스 구축 및 활용에 대한 연구

이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),곽윤근(Yungeun Gwak),고형진(Hyongjin Ko),서동조(Dongjo Seo) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6

납과 비소에 대한 환경매체별 생태위해성평가

이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),이병천(Byoungcheun Lee),김필제(Pilje Kim),윤효정(Hyojung Yoon) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives: This study intends to evaluate the ecological risk of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and their compounds according to the 2010 action plan on inventory and management for national priority chemicals and provide calculations of risks to the environment. By doing so, we aim to inform risk management measures for the target chemicals. Methods: We conducted species sensitivity distribution (SSD) analysis using the collected ecotoxicity data and obtained predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) for the in-water environment using a hazardous concentration of 5% (HC5) protective of most species (95%) in the environment. Based on the calculated PNECs for aquatic organisms, PNEC values for soil and sediment were calculated using the partition coefficient. We also calculated predicted exposure concentration (PEC) from nation-wide environmental monitoring data and then the hazard quotient (HQ) was calculated using PNEC for environmental media. Results: Ecological toxicity data was categorized into five groups and five species for Pb and four groups and four species for As. Based on the HC5 values from SSD analysis, the PNEC value for aquatic organisms was calculated as 0.40 μg/L for Pb and 0.13 μg/L for As. PNEC values for soil and sediment calculated using a partition coefficient were 77.36 and 350.50 mg/kg for Pb and 24.20 and 112.75 mg/kg for As. The analysis of national environmental monitoring data showed that PEC values in water were 0.284 μg/L for Pb and 0.024 μg/L for As, while those in soil and sediment were respectively 45.9 and 44 mg/kg for Pb, and 11.40 and 19.80 mg/kg for As. Conclusions: HQs of Pb and As were 0.70 and 0.18 in water, while those in soil and sediment were 0.59 and 0.13 for Pb and 0.47 and 0.18 for As. With HQs <1 of lead and arsenic in the environment, their ecological risk levels are found to be low.

LPG BLEVE 피해분석 및 안전거리 설정에 관한 연구

김종혁,이병우,김정욱,정승호,Kim, Jonghyuk,Lee, Byeongwoo,Kim, Jungwook,Jung, Seungho 한국안전학회 2020 한국안전학회지 Vol.35 No.6

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion(BLEVE) can cause not only economic damage to the plant but also serious casualties. LPG accidents account for 89.6 percent of all accidents caused by gas leaks in Korea over the past nine years, while casualties from accidents also account for 73 percent of all accidents, according to statistics from the Korea Gas Safety Corporation. In addition, a potential explosion and a fire accident from one LPG storage tank may affect the nearby storage tanks, causing secondary and tertiary damage (domino effect). The safety distance standards for LPG used by LPG workplaces, charging stations, and homes in Korea have become stricter following the explosion of LPG charging stations in Bucheon. The safety distance regulation is divided into regulations based on the distance damage and the risk including frequency. This study suggests two approaches to optimizing the safety distance based on the just consequence and risk including frequencies. Using the Phast 7.2 Risk Assessment software by DNV GL, the explosion overpressure and heat radiation were derived according to the distance caused by BLEVE in the worst-case scenario, and accident and damage probability were derived by considering the probit function and domino effect. In addition, the safety distance between LPG tanks or LPG charging stations was derived to minimize damage effects by utilizing these measures.

실내 바닥먼지 중 프탈레이트류와 비스페놀류의 오염현황

이병천(Byoungcheun Lee),윤효정(Hyojung Yoon),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),박경화(Kyungwa Park),김필제(Pil-je Kim),유승도(Seung Do Yu),문효방(Hyobang Moon) 환경독성보건학회 2019 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2019 No.4

VANET를 위한 차량자체 갱신가능 익명ID 시스템

김상진(Sangjin Kim),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),오희국(Heekuck Oh) 한국정보보호학회 2009 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.19 No.5

차량 애드혹 네트워크(VANET, Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork)에서 차량 간 교환되는 메시지가 위?변조되면 심각한 결과를 초래할 수 있어 중요 메시지의 인증은 반드시 필요하지만 이를 위해 일반 전자서명 기법을 사용하면 프라이버시가 침해될 수 있다. 따라서 VANET에서는 프라이버시를 보장하지만 문제를 발생시킨 차량을 식별할 수 있는 조건부 익명성이 제공되어야 한다. 이 논문에서는 각 차량에서 자체적으로 조건부 익명성이 보장되는 익명ID를 재암호화 기법을 이용하여 갱신할 수 있으며, 익명ID에 대한 표현문제를 이용하여 메시지를 서명한 다음 다른 차량에게 전달할 수 있는 VANET를 위한 새로운 인증시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 ID의 사용기간을 제한하여 개별ID의 철회가 불필요하며, 필요할 경우에는 특정 차량의 서비스 참여를 제한시킬 수 있다. 제안된 시스템의 안전성은 일부 조작불가능한 하드웨어를 통해 제공하고 있다. Since message forgery or alteration in VANET may cause severe consequences, authentication of critical messages must be provided. However, using normal digital signature may infringe privacy of drivers. Therefore, VANET requires authentication systems that provide conditional anonymity. In this paper, we propose a new authentication system for VANET. In our proposed system, each vehicle can update its pseudonym using re-encryption technique and digitally sign messages using representation problem on the pseudonym. By limiting the usage period, revocation of individual pseudonym is not required. Moreover, we also provide a way to revoke the vehicle itself. Secureness of our system partially rely on the usage of tamper-resistance hardware.

FMVSS 201U 법규 만족을 위한 B필라부 구조 최적화 해석적 연구

고형진(Hyongjin Ko),곽윤근(Yungeun Gwak),김민찬(Minchan Kim),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),서동조(Dongjo Seo),이승현(Seounghyun Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.29 No.12

반경질 PU FOAM 발포 해석적 연구

서동조(Dongjo Seo),곽윤근(Yungeun Gwak),고형진(Hyougjin Ko),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6

폴리우레탄은 폴리올(Polyol, 2개 이상의 –OH를 갖는 화합물)과 이소시아네이트(Isocyanate)의 연속된 우레탄 결합으로 형성되는 고분자 화합물로, 우수한 흡음 성능과 단열 성능으로 자동차 산업에 많이 이용되고 있다. 폴리우레탄은 원액 배합비에 따라 경질, 반경질, 연질로 나뉘는데, 경질은 파이프, 냉장고 등에서 단열재로 사용되며, 반경질은 자동차 Head Lining, Dash Insulation, Hood Insulation, 핸들 In-Panel 등 차음성과 충격저항성이 요구되는 부품에서, 연질은 Iso Pad, 자동차 시트 등 흡음 성능이 요구되는 부품에 적용되고 있다. 최근에는 생산기술의 발전 및 디자인적 요소 고려사항이 증대됨에 따라 자동차 부품의 형상이 복잡해지고 있는 실정이다. 이로 인해 다양한 형상의 폴리우레탄 발포가 요구되기 시작했고, 발포가 이루어지지 않는 미발포 영역이 증대되어 부품생산에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 생산 현장에서는 미발포가 발생할 경우 제품의 형상 변경을 통한 폴리우레탄의 흐름성 개선, Vent를 통한 발포 가스 배출, 금형 온도 조절 및 주입량 조절 등을 통해 개선을 실시한다. 이러한 개선사례는 수많은 Try-Out 및 금형 수정을 수반하게 되며 이로 인한 시간적, 금액적 손실이 발생되는 원인이다. 따라서 폴리우레탄 발포에 관한 선행 시뮬레이션으로 시간적, 금전적 손실을 줄이고자 하는 노력이 계속되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 상용 소프트웨어인 Inspire PolyFoam을 이용해 반경질 폴리우레탄폼에 대한 선행 시뮬레이션 환경을 구축하고, 반경질 폴리우레탄폼에 대한 시뮬레이션 과정에 대하여 기술하고자 한다.

국내 어린이 위해성평가를 위한 노출계수 연구

윤효정(Hyojung Yoon),서정관(Jungkwan Seo),김탁수(Taksoo Kim),김주현(Joohyun Kim),조아름(Areum Jo),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),임현우(Hyunwoo Lim),이대엽(Daeyeop Lee),김필제(),최경희(Kyunghee Choi),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3

Objectives: Children may be more exposed to certain environmental contaminants because they react with greater sensitivity and have different food intakes and breathing rate per unit of body weight compared to adults. The aim of this study was to determine general exposure factors such as skin surface area, period and frequency of exposure, and others among Korean children aged ≤ 18 years old. This study was carried out as the first of its kind in Korea. Methods: We developed 23 recommended exposure factors for Korean children aged 0 to 18 years by reclassifying raw data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Statistical Information Service, as well as through investigation by experiments in the absence of related data. Results: Reflecting the activity patterns of about 9,000 children, the daily inhalation rates for long-term exposure ranged from 9.49 m 3 /day for children from birth to <2 years to 14.98 m 3 /day for children aged 16 to <18 years. The research found that Korean children spent an average of 22.21 hours indoors, 0.67 hours outdoors, and 1.12 hours in-transit every day. Young children (≤ 2 years old) spent approximately 34 more minutes outdoors on weekends than they did on weekdays. Conclusion: Various physiological variables in the human body reflect characteristics of children that can directly influence risk exposure. Therefore, the identification of general exposure factors based on Korean children is required for appropriate risk assessment.