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Hyeran Choi,Jun-Pyo Myong 대한직업환경의학회 2018 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-
Background: Compared to 10 years ago, the ambient particulate matter 10 (PM10) and carbon monoxide (CO) levels in South Korea have decreased. However, compared to many other OECD countries, these levels are still too high. Concentration of air pollutants such as PM10 is especially higher during winter than during summer. The first step to rationally solving the air pollution problem in Korea is to identify the key air pollution sources during each season. This ecological study was performed to assess the association between the number of days the accepted PM10 and CO thresholds were exceeded and the concentration of potential emission sources in winter season 2015. Methods: An emission inventory of the PM10 and CO emissions in the 232 administrative South Korean districts in January, 2015, and February, 2015 and December, 2015, and the population density, number of car registrations, number of car accidents, industrial power usage, and presence of a fossil-fuel power plant in each district was established on the basis of official web-page data from the government. For all emission source variables except power plants, the administrative districts were grouped into quartiles. Districts were also divided according to whether a power plant was present or not. Negative binomial regression was performed to assess the associations between the PM10 and CO air pollution (defined as ≥100 g/㎥ and ≥ 9 ppm, respectively) and the concentration of each emission source. Results: Compared to the districts with the lowest population density, the districts with the third highest population density associated most strongly with air pollution. This was also observed for industrial power usage. Car accident number and car registration numbers showed a linear relationship with air pollution. Districts with power plants were significantly more likely to have air pollution than districts that lacked a plant. Conclusions: Greater car numbers, industrial activity, and population density, and the presence of fossil-fuel plants associated with air pollution in the 2015 winter in South Korea. These data highlight the contaminant sources that could be targeted by interventions that aim to reduce air pollution, decrease the incidence of exposure, and limit the impact of pollution on human health.
한국인 영어 학습자의 영어 이중모음 /eɪ/와 /oʊ/에 대한 비대칭적 산출연구
최혜란(Hyeran Choi),오미라(Mira Oh) 한국중원언어학회 2021 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.58
This study compares the production of English diphthongs /eɪ/ and /oʊ/ between Korean learners of English (KLE) and English native speakers in terms of duration, F1 and F2. Four main results were found. First, durations of /eɪ/ and /oʊ/ by KLE are longer than the corresponding monophthongs /ɛ/ and /ɔ/, respectively, while /oʊ/ is as long as /ɔ/ for English native speakers. Second, Euclidean distance between two internal components of /eɪ/ is bigger than that between two internal components of /oʊ/ for KLE. Third, both Euclidean distances between the first component of /oʊ/ and /ɔ/ and between the second component of /oʊ/ and /ʊ/ are bigger compared to /eɪ/ for KLE. Fourth, the slopes of F1 and F2 relative to the duration of transition for /eɪ/ are steeper than those for /oʊ/ for KLE. The results suggest that KLEs more likely produce /eɪ/ as two separate vowels but /oʊ/ as a single vowel. These results will be discussed in light of loanword adaptation.
( Hyeran Kang ),( Yoon Je Lee ),( Eunmi Choi ),( Jeong Eun Lee ),( Min Ji Lee ),( Dong Jung Kim ),( Yong-won Seong ),( Jae Hyuk Lee ),( Kyuseok Kim ),( Sanghoon Jheon ),( Young-jae Cho ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2017 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.124 No.0
Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is being used for management of various cardiorespiratory conditions. The aim of this study was to develop and prove the efficacy and safety of new ECMO system in vivo porcine model. Methods: Under general anesthesia, the experimental pig was undergoing mechanical ventilation with protective ventilation (volume control mode, tidal volume: 6ml/kg, Positive end expiratory pressure(PEEP) :5mmHg, Respiratory rate(RR) :10/min, I:E ratio :1:2, FIO2 :0.21) and femoral cannulation for new ECMO system using the single-site double lumen catheter. Except membrane oxygenator, whole device was newly developed including centrifugal pump and control unit with multi-functioned sensors. We monitored cardiovascular and respiratory status and checked metabolic parameters from arterial blood samples periodically for evaluation of the gas exchange, hemolysis and coagulation parameters. ACT was checked for heparinization. The pig was followed up to 12 hours. Results: The pig showed cardiovascular and hemodynamic stability for 12 hours without bleeding or clotting complications showing stable oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal (Figure 1). Conclusions: We established new ECMO system proving safety and efficacy with adequate oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal in a preclinical in vivo porcine model.
Risk of cesarean section after induced versus spontaneous labor at term gestation
( Hyeran Lee ),( Mina Kim ),( Jiyeon You ),( Sukjoo Choi ),( Sooyoung Oh ),( Cheongrae Roh ),( Jonghwa Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2015 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.58 No.5
To investigate whether the cesarean section (CS) rate is increased in women whose labor was induced compared to thosewho had spontaneous labor at term pregnancy.A retrospective study was performed in women whose labor was either induced (induction group, n=497) or spontaneous (spontaneous group, n=878) at 37+0 to 41+6 weeks of gestation from January 2008 to June 2009. Maternal age, parity, body mass index (BMI), Bishop scores, gestational age, hypertension, diabetes, delivery mode, indications for CS, neonatal outcome were compared between the two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between the CS rate and labor induction after adjusting for potential confounding variables.CS (17.3% vs. 5.3%, P<0.001) and vacuum-assisted delivery (10.7% vs. 6.4%, P<0.001) rates were significantly higher in the induction group compared to the spontaneous group. The CS rate in the induction group was higher than the spontaneous group not only in nulliparous women (25.3% vs. 8.6%, P<0.001), but also in multiparous women (3.8% vs. 0.3%, P=0.002). However, after adjusting confounding factors, the higher CS rate was significantly associated with advanced maternal age, higher BMI, lower Bishop scores and nulliparity, with no demonstrable tie to labor induction. Neonatal outcome in the two groups were comparable.Although CS rate was higher in women whose labor was induced than those who had spontaneous labor, this higher rate was associated with maternal age, BMI, Bishop scores and parity, but was not impacted by labor induction per se.