http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Cytokine and Tumor Environments
Jin Tae Hong1*, Ju Kyung Song, Sun Mi Kwon, Byung Woo Ahn, Youngsoo Kim, Sang Bae Han 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1
Cytokines are known to function as regulatory molecules that can be produced by virtually every nucleated cell type in the body, including lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and many others. Cytokines include lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines), monocyte-derived factors (monokines), hematopoietic factors (colony-stimulating factors), connective tissue/growth factors, and chemotactic chemokines. Cytokines released in response to infection can affect tumor development in different ways. When exposed to infectious agents, cytokines are secreted by sentinel cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. These cytokines include interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as others, such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18. When released in sufficient quantities, these molecules can cause inflammation. Chronic inflammation is highly associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. In this article, we review the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor development.
( Sung Ae Woo ),( Hye Young Ju ),( Soon Hyo Kwon ),( Ji Hye Lee ),( Soo Jeong Choi ),( Dong Cheol Han ),( Seung Duk Hwang ),( Sae Yong Hong ),( So Young Jin ),( Hyo Wook Gil ) 대한신장학회 2014 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.33 No.4
Background: All types of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) areprogressive diseases with poor prognoses. Recently, a newly proposed classificationof these diseases separated them into immune complex- and complementmediateddiseases. We investigated the frequency of C3 glomerulonephritis amongpreviously diagnosed MPGN patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with MPGN atthree tertiary care institutions between 2001 and 2010. We investigated theincidence of complement-mediated disease among patients diagnosed with MPGN. Progressive renal dysfunction was defined as a 50% reduction in the glomerularfiltration rate or the need for renal replacement therapy. Results: Among the 3,294 renal biopsy patients, 77 (2.3%) were diagnosed withMPGN; 31 cases were excluded, of which seven were diagnosed with systemic lupusnephritis, and the others were not followed for a minimum of 12 months afterbiopsy. Based on the new classification, complement-mediated MPGN was diagnosedin two patients (4.3%); only one patient developed progressive renaldysfunction. Among the immune complex-mediated MPGN patients, 17 patientsdeveloped progressive renal dysfunction. Serum albumin and creatinine levels atthe time of MPGN diagnosis were risk factors of renal deterioration, after adjustingfor low C3 levels and nephrotic syndrome. Conclusion: Complement-mediated glomerulonephritis was present in 4.3% ofpatients previously diagnosed with MPGN.
A Novel Retractable Robotic Device for Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
( Sang Hyun Kim ),( Chanwoo Kim ),( Bora Keum ),( Junghyun Im ),( Seonghyeon Won ),( Byung Gon Kim ),( Kyungnam Kim ),( Taebin Kwon ),( Daehie Hong ),( Han Jo Jeon ),( Hyuk Soon Choi ),( Eun Sun Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.4
Background/Aims: Appropriate tissue tension and clear visibility of the dissection area using traction are essential for effective and safe endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In this study, we developed a retractable robot-assisted traction device and evaluated its performance in colorectal ESD. Methods: An experienced endoscopist performed ESD 18 times on an ex vivo porcine colon using the robot and 18 times using the conventional method. The outcome measures were procedure time, dissection speed, procedure-related adverse events, and blind dissection rate. Results: Thirty-six colonic lesions were resected from ex vivo porcine colon samples. The total procedure time was significantly shorter in robot-assisted ESD (RESD) than in conventional ESD (CESD) (20.1±4.1 minutes vs 34.3±8.3 minutes, p<0.05). The submucosal dissection speed was significantly faster in the RESD group than in the CESD group (36.8±9.2 mm<sup>2</sup>/min vs 18.1±4.7 mm<sup>2</sup>/min, p<0.05). The blind dissection rate was also significantly lower in the RESD group (12.8%±3.4% vs 35.1%±3.9%, p<0.05). In an in vivo porcine feasibility study, the robotic device was attached to a colonoscope and successfully inserted into the proximal colon without damaging the colonic wall, and ESD was successfully performed. Conclusions: The dissection speed and safety profile improved significantly with the retractable RESD. Thus, our robotic device has the potential to provide simple, effective, and safe multidirectional traction during colonic ESD. (Gut Liver 2024;18:677-685)
OVERVIEWS ON LIMIT CONCEPTS OF A SEQUENCE OF FUZZY NUMBERS I
Kwon, Joong-Sung,Shim, Hong-Tae The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2011 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.29 No.3
In this paper, we survey various notions and results related to statistical convergence of a sequence of fuzzy numbers, in which statistical convergence for fuzzy numbers was first introduced by Nuray and Savas in 1995. We will go over boundedness, convergence of sequences of fuzzy numbers, statistically convergence and statistically Cauchy sequences of fuzzy numbers, statistical limit and cluster point for sequences of fuzzy numbers, statistical mono-tonicity and boundedness of a sequence of fuzzy numbers and finally statistical limit inferior and limit inferior for the statistically bounded sequences of fuzzy numbers.
Weaning and intensive care unit mortality in patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation
( Hong Joon Shin ),( Tae Ok Kim ),( Cheol Kyu Park ),( Hee Jung Ban ),( In Jae Oh ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Sung Chul Lim ),( Young Chul Kim ),( Yong Soo Kwon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.120 No.-
Background: In patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation, weaning is difficult and mortality is high. Purpose: This study was to evaluate the predictors associated with weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 147 patients who were received mechanical ventilation for at least 21 days in the ICU at Chonnam National University Hospital between January 2005 and December 2014. Results: The ICU mortality was 52.4%, and hospital mortality was 54.4%. Respiratory cause (58.5%) was the most common reason for ICU admission and followed by cardiovascular (24.5%) and sepsis other than pneumonia (7.5%). 48 patients (32.7%) were successful to wean from the mechanical ventilation. Age, respiratory cause, sepsis at ICU admission, and APACHE III score on 21 day independently reduced the success of weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation. In the multivariate analysis use of sedatives and vasopressor on 21th days from MV application, and prior planned extubation increased ICU mortality. Success of weaning was only prognostic factor to reduce the ICU mortality Conclusion: In the present study, patients requiring PMV have a low weaning rate and high mortality rate. Success of weaning was only prognostic factor to reduce the ICU mortality. Old age, respiratory cause of ICU admission, presence of sepsis on ICU admission, and high APACHE III score on 21th day from MV application reduced the success of weaning.
A UNIFORM STRONG LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS FOR PARTIAL SUM PROCESSES OF FUZZY RANDOM SETS
Kwon, Joong-Sung,Shim, Hong-Tae The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2012 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.30 No.3
In this paper, we consider fuzzy random sets as (measurable) mappings from a probability space into the set of fuzzy sets and prove a uniform strong law of large numbers for sequences of independent and identically distributed fuzzy random sets. Our results generalize those of Bass and Pyke(1984)and Jang and Kwon(1998).