기술금융기관의 효율성 분석사례

한상대(Sang-Dae Han),홍재범(Jae-Bum Hong) 한국인터넷전자상거래학회 2016 인터넷전자상거래연구 Vol.16 No.4

This case was to assess the efficiency of 26 technology appraisal centers(TAC) of Korea Technology Finance Corporation(KOTEC) and improve the efficiency. The research is based on the analysis of data collected from 2011 to 2013 with Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). As the number of employees and business administrative expenses were used as input variables, leveraging the number of technology appraisal cases, the amount of technology credit guarantee provision and the amount of debt collection through exercising indemnity rights as well as revenues accruing from the technology appraisals were used as output variables. The purpose of those variables are aimed at representing the differentiated features of KOTEC from other conventional credit guarantee institutions. The analysis result showed that the efficiencies of TACs were high overall and improving in the way that their efficiency values show mostly over 0.9 on average. CCR model showed that the number of effective DMUs –represented as Technology Efficiency(TE) Value was 1 – was 7 in 2011 and 13 in 2013 while BCC model showed that the number of DMUs, whose values of Pure Technology Efficiency(PTE) was 1, was 15 in 2011 and 17 in 2013 respectively. The number of DMUs, whose value of Scale Efficiency(SE) is 1, had also been increased from 7 in 2011 to 13 in 2013. The number of DMUs was to show the status of “Constant Returns to Scale(CRS)” increased from 7 in 2011 to 13 in 2013. The number of DMUs was to show the status of “Increasing Returns to Scale(IRS)” was 16 in 2011 and 11 in 2013. The number on “Decreasing Returns to Scale(DRS)” had decreased from 3 in 2011 to 2 in 2013 respectively. Therefore, the number of efficient DMUs whose input was proportional to output –signaling the optimal efficient status- increased by 6. The number of DMUs which still had inefficiency and needed to step up the input had been decreased by 4 while the number of DMU which need to be scaled back the input is decreased by 1. Overall, efficiency of TACs has been increased. The result implies there are many DMUs which could increase the size efficiency, not through removing the inefficiencies by decreasing the input, but through scaling up the total size of output, leveraged by the consolidation of the internal analogous operation in order to make a synergy effect as well as the reduction of outsourcing tasks which have been related with claim collection process and hiring external technology appraisal experts. The benchmarked DMUs which could be the reference group were An-san, Sa-Sang and Sung-Nam TACs. They were located near to the industry complexes. So, their geographical conditions were well positioned to access to the technology-innovative corporations and venture startups, solidifying the fundamental to provide supply in accordance with the increasing demand of technology finance. The value of this study was that it analyses the efficiency of KOTEC takes the key role of technology financing based on technology appraisal. This research was distinctive in that it defined the input and output variables to measure the efficiency of credit guarantee institutions while earlier studies, most of which researched credit-evaluation based guarantee institutions, did not deal with those variables. It has implications which could be applied to evaluate the efficiency of public technology appraisal institution in the future.

Pericardial Versus Porcine Valves for Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement

Hong Ju Shin,Wan Kee Kim,Jin Kyoung Kim,Joon Bum Kim,Sung-Ho Jung,Suk Jung Choo,Cheol Hyun Chung,Jae Won Lee 대한심장학회 2022 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.52 No.2

Background and Objectives: There still are controversies on which type between bovine pericardial and porcine valves is superior in the setting of aortic valve replacement (AVR). This study aims to compare clinical outcomes of AVR using between pericardial or porcine valves. Methods: The study involved consecutive 636 patients underwent isolated AVR using stented bioprosthetic valves between January 2000 and May 2016. Of these, pericardial and porcine valves were implanted in 410 (pericardial group) and 226 patients (porcine group), respectively. Clinical outcomes including survival, structural valve deterioration (SVD) and trans-valvular pressure gradient were compared between the groups. To adjust for potential selection bias, inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was conducted. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 60.1±50.2 months. There were no significant differences in the rates of early mortality (3.1% vs. 3.1%; p=0.81) and SVD (0.3%/patient-year [PY] vs. 0.5%/PY; p=0.33) between groups. After adjustment using IPTW, however, landmark mortality analyses showed a significantly lower late (>8 years) mortality risk in pericardial group over porcine group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval, [CI] 0.41–0.90; p=0.01) while the risks of SVD were not significantly difference between groups (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.12–1.70; p=0.24). Mean pressure gradient across prosthetic AV was lower in the Pericardial group than the Porcine group at both immediate postoperative point and latest follow-up (p values <0.001). Conclusions: In patients undergoing bioprosthetic surgical AVR, bovine pericardial valves showed superior results in terms of postoperative hemodynamic profiles and late survival rates over porcine valves.

Evaluation of Combined Renewable Energy Systems as Energy Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Sources in Pig Farm

Hong-Seok Mun,Muhammad Ammar Dilawar,Shad Mahfuz,Young-Hwa Kim,Il-Byung Chung,Keiven Mark Ampode,Veasna Chem,Sang-Bum Ryu,Jong-Pil Moon,Chul-Ju Yang 한국신재생에너지학회 2022 AFORE Vol.2022 No.9

Effect of Diode or Er/Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation on the Implant Titanium Surfaces

Hong-Soo Shin(신홍수),Bum-Soon Lim(임범순),Yong-Keun Lee(이용근),Sang-Hoon Rhee(이상훈),Hyeong-Cheol Yang(양형철) 대한치과재료학회 2008 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Accuracy of cardiac output measurements during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: according to the vessel anastomosis sites

Sung Yong Park,Dae Hee Kim,Han Bum Joe,Ji Young Yoo,Jin Soo Kim,Min Kang,Yong Woo Hong 대한마취통증의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.62 No.5

Background: During beating heart surgery, the accuracy of cardiac output (CO) measurement techniques may be influenced by several factors. This study was conducted to analyze the clinical agreement among stat CO mode (SCO), continuous CO mode (CCO), arterial pressure waveform-based CO estimation (APCO), and transesophageal Doppler ultrasound technique (UCCO) according to the vessel anastomosis sites. Methods: This study was prospectively performed in 25 patients who would be undergoing elective OPCAB. Hemodynamic variables were recorded at the following time points: during left anterior descending (LAD) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min; during obtuse marginal (OM) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min: and during right coronary artery (RCA) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min. The variables measured including the SCO, CCO, APCO, and UCCO. Results: CO measurement techniques showed different correlations according to vessel anastomosis site. However, the percent error observed was higher than the value of 30% postulated by the criteria of Critchley and Critchley during all study periods for all CO measurement techniques. Conclusions: In the beating heart procedure, SCO, CCO and APCO showed different correlations according to the vessel anastomosis sites and did not agree with UCCO. CO values from the various measurement techniques should be interpreted with caution during OPCAB. Background: During beating heart surgery, the accuracy of cardiac output (CO) measurement techniques may be influenced by several factors. This study was conducted to analyze the clinical agreement among stat CO mode (SCO), continuous CO mode (CCO), arterial pressure waveform-based CO estimation (APCO), and transesophageal Doppler ultrasound technique (UCCO) according to the vessel anastomosis sites. Methods: This study was prospectively performed in 25 patients who would be undergoing elective OPCAB. Hemodynamic variables were recorded at the following time points: during left anterior descending (LAD) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min; during obtuse marginal (OM) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min: and during right coronary artery (RCA) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min. The variables measured including the SCO, CCO, APCO, and UCCO. Results: CO measurement techniques showed different correlations according to vessel anastomosis site. However, the percent error observed was higher than the value of 30% postulated by the criteria of Critchley and Critchley during all study periods for all CO measurement techniques. Conclusions: In the beating heart procedure, SCO, CCO and APCO showed different correlations according to the vessel anastomosis sites and did not agree with UCCO. CO values from the various measurement techniques should be interpreted with caution during OPCAB.

Phylogenetic Relationships of the Anisoptera (Insecta, Odonata) of Jeju Island, Korea, Based on Partial Mitochondrial 16S Ribosomal RNA Sequences

Sang Bum Kim,Hyung Sik Jeon,Hong Sik Oh,Yong Hwan Jung,Won Taek Kim 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.1

The phylogenetic relationship of the suborder Anisoptera distributed on Jeju Island, Korea, was analyzed by comparing partial mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. The length of the partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA genes for the 27 species of the Anisoptera studied ranged from 405 to 421 base pairs (bp). No intra-genus length-variations were identified in the genera Anax and Orthetrum, while the genes of Somatochlora and Sympetrum displayed lengths of 411 to 412 and 406 to 411 bp, respectively. The GC content of the partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene ranged from 26.76% to 30.83%. A parsimony analysis of the unambiguously aligned mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences from 28 species, including outgroup species, produced eight equally most parsimonious trees. The strict consensus tree had three large independent groups: group I (family Aeshnidae), group II (family Libellulidae), and group III (family Corduliidae). Interestingly, the eight species of the genus Sympetrum were clearly distinguishable from the other species. The strict consensus tree, based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences, contained monophyletic groups. These results concurred with previous studies published by several researchers that were based on morphological characteristics.

Meta-analysis of the Association between HLA-DRB1 Allele and Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility in Asian Populations

Sung Eun Choi,Choong Hwan Cha,Heung Bum Oh,Yong Seok Heo,Hong Yup Ahn,Kwan Jeh Lee,전경란 대한의학회 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.6

The aims of this study were to summarize results on the association of HLA-DRB1 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Asians and to determine if the shared epitope (SE) hypothesis could explain the meta-analysis results. Among the papers published between January 1987 and July 2006 on RA susceptibility in Asian-Mongoloid populations (Korean, Japanese, Chinese, and Thai), 12 were selected for the metaanalysis. Mongoloid-Asian patients with RA had significantly higher frequencies of HLA-DRB1*0101, *0401, *0410, and *1001 than controls (OR 1.5-2.1, p<0.05 for association). When analyses were restricted to more ethnically homogeneous populations, HLA-DRB1*0405 showed a significant susceptibility to RA in Koreans (OR 5.65, 95% CI 4.32-7.39), whereas the HLA-DRB1*0301, *0403, *0406, *0701, *1301, and *1405 alleles showed protective association with RA (OR 0.32-0.70, p<0.05 for association). In conclusion, it was found that HLA-DRB1 *0101, *0401, *0405, *0410, and *1001 are susceptible, while HLA-DRB1* 0301, *0403, *0406, *0701, *1301, and *1405 are protective in Asian-Mongoloids. All the RA-associated alleles except DRB1*0301 could be explained by the structural model supporting the SE hypothesis that RA susceptibility is determined by the combination of amino acid residues at HLA-DR 71 and 74, not by 71 alone.

Effects of Dexamethasone and DHEA on the Changes of Glutamate and Polyamine Uptake in Rat Astrocytes by Lipopolysaccharide and Antimycin A

Sang-Hyun Choi,Bum Lee,Kyung-Ho Shin,Bon-Hong Min,Yeon-Sook Chun,Boe- Gwun Chun 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.2

<P> Interactions among dexamethasone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and antimycin A on the glutamate uptake and the polyamine uptake were investigated in primary cultures of rat cerebral cortical astrocytes to examine the effects of dexamethasone and DHEA on the regulatory role of astrocytes in conditions of increased extracellular concentrations of glutamate or polyamines. 1. [<SUP>3</SUP>H]Glutamate uptake: LPS and antimycin A decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>, but both drugs had little effect on <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB>. Dexamethasone also decreased basal <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> without any significant effect on <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB>. And dexamethasone further decreased the antimycin A-induced decrease of <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>. DHEA did not affect the kinetics of basal glutamate uptake and the change by LPS or antimycin A. 2. [<SUP>14</SUP>C]Putrescine uptake: LPS increased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>, and antimycin A decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>. They showed little effect on <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB>. Dexamethasone decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> of basal uptake and further decreased the antimycin A-induced decrease of <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>, and also decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> to less than control in LPS-treated astrocytes. DHEA did not affect <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> and the change of <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> by LPS or antimycin A. 3. [<SUP>14</SUP>C]Spermine uptake: Antimycin A decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>, and LPS might increase <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>. <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> was little affected by the drugs. Dexamethasone decreased basal <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> and might further decrease the antimycin A-induced decrease of <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>. And dexamethasone also decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> to less than control in LPS-treated astrocytes. DHEA might increase basal <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> and <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> of LPS-treated astrocytes. 4. <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> of glutamate uptake by astrocytes was increased by putrescine (1000 μM & 2000 μM) and spermidine (200 μM, 500 μM & 2000 μM). Spermine, 200 μM (and 100 μM), also increased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>, but a higher dose of 2000 μM decreased <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB>. <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> of glutamate uptake was not significantly changed by these polyamines, except that higher doses of spermine showed tendency to decrease <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> of glutamate uptake. In astrocytes, dexamethasone inhibited the glutamate uptake and the polyamine uptake in normal or hypoxic conditions, and the polyamine uptake might be stimulated by LPS and DHEA. Polyamines could aid astrocytes to uptake glutamate.

The Application of Functional Genomics to Acute Lung Injury

Sang Bum Hong Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine 2007 Acute and Critical Care Vol.22 No.2

No abstract available.

Antioxidative Activity and Anti-inflammatory Effects on the Murine Macrophages of Methanol Extracts of Amphibians

( Sang Bum Kim ),( Min Ho Chang ),( Sang Hyun Han ),( Hong Shik Oh ) 한국환경생물학회 2012 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.30 No.3

Oxidative stress has been reported to be one of causes of neuritis. This study examined antioxidative activities of methanol extracts of six amphibian species known to be medicinal animals (Rana catesbeiana, R. coreana, R. rugosa, R. dybowskii, R. nigromaculata, and Hyla japonica) and investigated their effects of inhibiting nitric oxide(NO) production and cytotoxicity on the murinemacrophage RAW264.7 cells. As inflammation is closely associated with reactive oxygen species, assays on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity, xanthine oxidase inhi-bitory activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity and NO scavenging activity of the extracts of the six species were performed to investigate their an tioxidative activity. The resultsobtained were as follows; All extracts showed antioxidative activity, and the activity of R. dybowskiiwas the highest in comparison among those. Anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were alsoexamined, the five extracts except that of R. rugosadid not show cytotoxicity for RAW264.7 cells atthe maximal concentration(1,000μμg mL--1). Selectivity index, meaning NO scavenging activity com-pared to cytotoxicity, showed the highest level in the extract of R. dybowskii. These results will bevery useful basic data for future studies on prevention and treatment of human diseases to under-stand the biological roles of amphibian extracts throughout the antioxidative or anti-inflammatory pathways.