The Effectiveness of Financial Sources for Climate Change in Vietnam

Thi Nhung NGUYEN(Thi Nhung NGUYEN ),Minh Hoa NGUYEN(Minh Hoa NGUYEN ),Thi Phuong Anh VU(Thi Phuong Anh VU ),Thi Hoang Anh DO(Thi Hoang Anh DO ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.1

This research aims to give information about the current situation of five financial sources for climate change in Vietnam, including (i) the State budget used by ministries; (ii) the State budget used by provinces; (iii) Bilateral funds; (iv) Multilateral funds; and (v) Private funds, and then classify them in line with the effectiveness. The working paper’s secondary data on spending on CC-related activities, collected from reports of six ministries and 29 provinces, show that the State budget has been crucial in subsidizing CC-related activities in Vietnam. Moreover, domestic investment has accounted for a major part of the total expenditure of ministries and provinces for climate change. In addition, by using primary data collected from surveys sent to twelve experts from 5 groups, such as researchers, practical experts, managers of private funding organizations (such as banks and enterprises), managers of international funding organizations and beneficiaries, and then analyzing the data through the AHP method, the study shows that all climate finance sources in Vietnam are still not very effective. However, private sector funds are considered the most effective financial source for responding to climate change.

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic investigation of a fractured non-submerged dental implant associated with abutment fracture

Truc Thi Hoang Nguyen(Truc Thi Hoang Nguyen ),Mi Young Eo(Mi Young Eo),Kezia Rachellea Mustakim(Kezia Rachellea Mustakim ),Mi Hyun Seo(Mi Hyun Seo),Hoon Myoung(Hoon Myoung ),Soung Min Kim(Soung Min Ki 대한구강악안면외과학회 2023 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.49 No.1

The biocompatibility and durability of implant fixtures are major concerns for dentists and patients. Mechanical complications of the implant include abutment screw loosening, screw fracture, loss of implant prostheses, and implant fracture. This case report aims to describe management of a case of fixture damage that occurred after screw fracture in a tissue level, internal connection implant and microscopic evaluation of the fractured fixture. A trephine bur was used to remove the fixture, and the socket was grafted using allogeneic bone material. The failed implant was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), which revealed a fractured fixture with both normal and irregular bone patterns. The SEM and EDS results give an enlightenment of the failed fixture surface micromorphology with microfracture and contaminated chemical compositions. Noticeably, the significantly high level of gold (Au) on the implant surface and the trace amounts of Au and titanium (Ti) in the bone tissue were recorded, which might have resulted from instability and micro-movement of the implant-abutment connection over an extended period of time. Further study with larger number of patient and different types of implants is needed for further conclusion.

Uptake of arsenic and heavy metals by native plants growing near Nui Phao multi-metal mine, northern Vietnam

Ha, Nguyen Thi Hoang,Ha, Nguyen Thi,Nga, Tran Thi Huyen,Minh, Nguyen Ngoc,Anh, Bui Thi Kim,Hang, Nguyen Thi An,Duc, Nguyen Anh,Nhuan, Mai Trong,Kim, Kyoung-Woong Elsevier 2019 Applied geochemistry Vol.108 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Phytoremediation is a plant-based, environment-friendly, and cost-effective technology that can be potentially used to remediate contaminated media. This study was conducted to evaluate the phytoextraction and phytostabilization potential, two common techniques of phytoremediation, of 21 plant species growing naturally at the largest tungsten (W) mine in Vietnam—the second largest production of W in the world. The average concentrations in different soil fractions were in the following order: residue > organically complexed, Fe- and Mn oxide-bound > carbonate bound > exchangeable. The total concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in the soil varied by 34–3390, 4.87–81.6, 14.3–2080, and 21.9–370 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, and Zn in the shoots ranged 0.71–2400, 0.05–5.55, 4.81–249, and 13.3–380 mg/kg-DW, respectively. The concentrations of As and Cd in all soil samples and Cu in 70% of soil samples collected around the mine fluctuated within 2–227, 3–54, and up to 21-folds higher than the maximum allowable limit for agricultural soils in Vietnam (QCVN 03-MT:2015/BTNMT). The results indicated that hyperaccumulation levels (mg/kg-DW) were obtained for only As in <I>Pityrogramma calomelanos</I> (2400) and <I>Pteris vittata</I> L. (1860). Based on the recorded hyperaccumulation levels, translocation and accumulation factors, biomass, and fast growth of these plants, <I>P. calomelanos</I> and <I>P. vittata</I> were considered to be promising native plants for the phytoextraction of As contaminated soils. <I>Bidens pilosa</I> L. also has great potential for phytostabilization of mining soils contaminated with As and heavy metals.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Soils near multi-metal (W–F–Cu–Au–Bi) mine were contaminated with As, Cd, Cu. </LI> <LI> Arsenic in shoots were in order of Fern > Monocotyledonae > Dicotyledonae. </LI> <LI> <I>Pityrogramma calomelanos</I> and <I>Pteris vittata</I> L. suggested for phytoextraction of As. </LI> <LI> <I>Bidens pilosa</I> L. suggested for the phytostabilization of mining contaminated soils. </LI> </UL> </P>

An improvement of real-time polymerase chain reaction system based on probe modification is required for accurate detection of African swine fever virus in clinical samples in Vietnam

Tran Ha Thi Thanh,Dang Anh Kieu,Ly Duc Viet,Vu Hao Thi,Hoang Tuan Van,Nguyen Chinh Thi,Chu Nhu Thi,Nguyen Vinh The,Nguyen Huyen Thi,Truong Anh Duc,Pham Ngoc Thi,Dang Hoang Vu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.10

Objective: The rapid and reliable detection of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) plays an important role in emergency control and preventive measures of ASF. Some methods have been recommended by FAO/OIE to detect ASFV in clinical samples, including real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, mismatches in primer and probe binding regions may cause a false-negative result. Here, a slight modification in probe sequence has been conducted to improve the qualification of real-time PCR based on World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) protocol for accurate detection of ASFV in field samples in Vietnam. Methods: Seven positive confirmed samples (four samples have no mismatch, and three samples contained one mutation in probe binding sites) were used to establish novel real-time PCR with slightly modified probe (Y = C or T) in comparison with original probe recommended by OIE. Results: Both real-time PCRs using the OIE-recommended probe and novel modified probe can detect ASFV in clinical samples without mismatch in probe binding site. A high correlation of cycle quantification (Cq) values was observed in which Cq values obtained from both probes arranged from 22 to 25, suggesting that modified probe sequence does not impede the qualification of real-time PCR to detect ASFV in clinical samples. However, the samples with one mutation in probe binding sites were ASFV negative with OIE recommended probe but positive with our modified probe (Cq value ranked between 33.12-35.78). Conclusion: We demonstrated for the first time that a mismatch in probe binding regions caused a false negative result by OIE recommended real-time PCR, and a slightly modified probe is required to enhance the sensitivity and obtain an ASF accurate diagnosis in field samples in Vietnam.

Enhancing Removal of Acid Orange II by Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation Using ZnO Nanoparticles-Modified Fly Ash Composite

Hoang Van Hung,Chu Thi Hong Huyen,Nguyen Thi Dong,Nguyen Thi Hong Vien,Nguyen Thu Huyen,Luu Thi Cuc,Van Huu Tap,Nguyen Hoang,Duong Dinh Tuan,Nguyen Van Huu Luong 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.5

In this study, heterogeneous catalytic ozonation using fl y ash (FA) modifi ed ZnO nanoparticles to the decolorization of acid orange II (AOII) was studied. The combination of ZnO and fl y ash via an incipient wetness impregnation method to form ZOFA composites created a synergistic eff ect that led to effi cient catalytic ozonation activity towards AOII degradation and decolorization compared with individual ozonation processes. From the experimental results, ZOFA composite with the optimal weight ratio between ZnO NPs and FA was 20 wt% (denoted as ZOFA-20) that exhibited outstanding catalytic ozonation activity. Moreover, through other investigations including initial pH conditions and catalyst dosage, AOII could be eff ectively and optimally eliminated by 0.5 g of ZOFA-20 with an initial pH value of 11. The corresponding k value was measured as 0.248 min −1 with a maximum TOC removal content of 77.27%. Besides, ZOFA-20 could show high catalytic ozonation activity even at highly concentrated AOII concentrations while it could also retain its excellent stability and reusability over 5 continuous AOII removal cycles. From the experimental and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results, hydroxyl radical ( · OH) was the main active species during the catalytic ozonation of AOII. The present study provides a promising approach to prepare novel composite-based fl y ash that would be applicable for removing azo dye and other dye pollutants in water via a catalytic ozonation strategy.

Stewardship Theory and Information on Family Firm Performance in Vietnam

Thi Thanh Binh DAO(Thi Thanh Binh DAO ),Linh Chi HOANG(Linh Chi HOANG ) 한국유통과학회 2022 유통과학연구 Vol.20 No.12

Purpose: The paper contributes to the existing literature on Vietnamese corporate governance and firm performance with a focus on listed family firms and the use of a more suitable econometric framework to analyze firm performance. The study investigates how family firm performance is affected by corporate governance under the standpoint of stewardship theory in Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: With the use of different measures for firm performance (Tobin’s Q, ROA, and ROE), regression models were estimated using Generalized Least Square (GLS) method on a panel data of a total of 113 listed companies during the five-year period from 2015 to 2019. Results: We found that family ownership as the main characteristic of the stewardship theory affects family firms positively. In addition, several other characteristics in corporate governance as board composition (board independence, board audits, and board committees), CEO (age and tenure) and firm characteristics (size, age, expansion, and annual sales) showed significant impacts on firm performance. Our findings also suggest that family firm performance can be either positively or negatively affected based on the characteristics of corporate governance. The findings can help companies evaluate the significance of corporate governance through deciding board structure and the selection of CEOs to match family firm characteristics. It also gives insights for investors, rating agencies, and policymakers for relevant purposes.

Drug resistance and the genotypic characteristics of rpoB and katG in rifampicin- and/or isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in central Vietnam

Thi Binh Nguyen Nguyen,Thi Kieu Diem Nguyen,Van Hue Trương,Thi Tuyet Ngoc Tran,van Bao Thang Phan,Thi Tuyen Nguyen,Hoang Bach Nguyen,Viet Quynh Tram Ngo,Van Tuan Mai,Paola Molicotti 질병관리본부 2023 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.14 No.5

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) are national health burdens in Vietnam. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of rifampicin (RIF) and/or isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH) resistance in patients with suspected TB, and applied appropriate techniques to help rapidly target DR-TB. Methods: In total, 1,547 clinical specimens were collected and cultured using the BACTEC MGIT system (Becton Dickinson and Co.). A resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) was used to determine the proportions of RIF and/or INH resistance. A real-time polymerase chain reaction panel with TaqMan probes was employed to identify the mutations of rpoB and katG associated with DR-TB in clinical isolates. Genotyping of the identified mutations was also performed. Results: A total of 468 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were identified using the REMA. Of these isolates, 106 (22.6%) were found to be resistant to 1 or both antibiotics. Of the resistant isolates, 74 isolates (69.8%) were resistant to isoniazid (INH) only, while 1 isolate (0.94%) was resistant to RIF only. Notably, 31 isolates (29.24%) were resistant to both antibiotics. Of the 41 phenotypically INH-resistant isolates, 19 (46.3%) had the Ser315Thr mutation. There were 8 different rpoB mutations in 22 (68.8%) of the RIF-resistant isolates. The most frequently detected mutations were at codons 531 (37.5%), 526 (18.8%), and 516 (6.3%). Conclusion: To help prevent new cases of DR-TB in Vietnam, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of the genotypic DR-TB isolates.

Effects of Compounds from Physalis angulata on Fatty Acid Synthesis and Glucose Metabolism in HepG2 Cells via the AMP-activated Protein Kinase Pathway

Hoang Thai Hoa,Nguyen Thi Thu,Nguyen Thuong Dong,Tran Thi Oanh,Tran Thi Hien,Do Thi Ha 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.3

The ability of the total extract from Physalis angulata; three fractions after partitioning with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (TBE), and water; and four withanolides (compounds 1 – 4) to phosphorylate 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in HepG2 cells was evaluated. The TBE fraction (50 μg/mL) activated p-ACC and p-AMPK expression most strongly. Compounds 1 – 4 (10 μM) upregulated p-ACC expression at different levels. Compound 4 induced the most significant changes in p-AMPK expression, followed by 1 and 2. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) play a functional role in the transcriptional regulation of the lipogenic pathway, including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and ACC. The effects of compounds 2 and 4 (10 μM) on FAS and SREBP-1c expression under high glucose conditions (30 mM) in HepG2 cells were evaluated further. Both dose-dependently inhibited FAS and SREBP-1c expression as well as lipid accumulation (1 – 10 μM) were compared to high-concentration glucose control, which upregulated FAS and SREBP-1c. These results suggest that compounds 2 and 4 upregulate AMPK, suppress FAS and SREBP-1c, and have potential effects on glucose and lipid metabolism.

A Bibliometrics Analysis of Research on Early Childhood Education in 2022

Thi-Lam Bui,Lien – Kim Thi Tran,Thi-Tham Tran,Dung-Thi My Nguyen,Ben-Phạm,Hung-Sy Ho,Linh-Phuong Hoang,Anh-Duc Hoang The Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Ass 2024 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.18 No.2

Introduction Methodology Results Conclusion, Recommendations, and Future Research Directions This research aims to find the research focus and to highlight authors, journals, and documents on early childhood education (ECE) in 2022. This article analyzed a dataset with 1586 Clarivate Web of Science indexed articles on this topic, using descriptive, co-occurrence and thematic analyses. The authors applied the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow to comply with the dataset. Excel, the R program in the Biblioshiny package, and VOSviewer version 1.7 were used for the descriptive and bibliographic analyses. The findings of this paper demonstrate the remarkable contribution of researchers from the United States and China in terms of research quantity and impact, as well as their collaboration with different researchers. The findings revealed four topics: language and speech; programmes, policies and their impact on children and preschool teachers; behaviour of preschool children; the quality of ECE. In addition, we figured out the top influential authors and journals. This study provided an overview of research in ECE in 2022 and highlighted essential issues that need to be focused on by ECE researchers and practitioners.

후성유전체 기반 딥러닝 모델을 사용한 혈압 예측

Thi Mai Nguyen(Thi Mai Nguyen ),Hoang Long Le(Hoang Long Le ),황규백,홍윤철,김진희 한국환경보건학회 2022 한국환경보건학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2022 No.5