Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Rural Areas of Wuhan China: a Matched Case-control Study

Zhang, Bin,Zhou, Ai-Fen,Zhu, Chang-Cai,Zhang, Ling,Xiang, Bing,Chen, Zhong,Hu, Rong-Hua,Zhang, Ya-Qi,Qiu, Lin,Zhang, Yi-Ming,Xiong, Chao-Du,Du, Yu-Kai,Shi, Yu-Qin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in developing countries. We investigated possible risk factors for cervical cancer in rural areas of Wuhan China using a matched case-control study with 33 women diagnosed with cervical cancer and 132 healthy women selected from the same area as matched controls. A questionnaire, which included questions about general demography conditions, environmental and genetic factors, the first sexual intercourse, first marriage age, age at first pregnancy, pregnancy first child's age, female personal health history, social psychological factors, dietary habits, smoking and alcohol status and other living habits was presented to all participants. At the same time, HPV infection of every participant was examined in laboratory testing. Results showed HPV infection (P<0.000, OR=23.4) and pregnancy first child's age (P<0.000, OR=13.1) to be risk factors for cervical cancer. Menopause (P=0.003, OR=0.073) was a protective factor against cervical cancer. However, there was no indication of associations of environmental (drinking water, insecticide, disinfectant) genetic (cancer family history), or life-style factors (smoking status, alcohol status, physical training, sleep quality), including dietary habits (intake of fruit and vegetable, meat, fried food, bean products and pickled food) or social psychological factors with cervical cancer. The results suggest that the risk of cervical cancer in Chinese rural women may be associated with HPV infection, menopause and the pregnancy first child's age.

Exploration of Molecular Mechanisms of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Development Using a Microarray

Zhang, Zong-Xin,Shen, Cui-Fen,Zou, Wei-Hua,Shou, Li-Hong,Zhang, Hui-Ying,Jin, Wen-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Objective: We aimed to identify key genes, pathways and function modules in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with microarray data and interaction network analysis. Methods: Microarray data sets for 7 DLBCL samples and 7 normal controls was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with Student's t-test. KEGG functional enrichment analysis was performed to uncover their biological functions. Three global networks were established for immune system, signaling molecules and interactions and cancer genes. The DEGs were compared with the networks to observe their distributions and determine important key genes, pathways and modules. Results: A total of 945 DEGs were obtained, 272 up-regulated and 673 down-regulated. KEGG analysis revealed that two groups of pathways were significantly enriched: immune function and signaling molecules and interactions. Following interaction network analysis further confirmed the association of DEGs in immune system, signaling molecules and interactions and cancer genes. Conclusions: Our study could systemically characterize gene expression changes in DLBCL with microarray technology. A range of key genes, pathways and function modules were revealed. Utility in diagnosis and treatment may be expected with further focused research.

Predictive and Prognostic Roles of Ribonucleotide Reductase M1 in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Gemcitabine: A Meta-analysis

Zhang, Xiong,Jin, Fen-Shu,Zhang, Li-Guo,Chen, Rui-Xue,Zhao, Jin-Hui,Wang, Yan-Nan,Wang, En-Fu,Jiang, Zhen-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Increasing scientific evidence suggests that ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) may be a powerful predictor of survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy after operative resection, but many existing studies have yielded inconclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic role of RRM1 in predicting survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine. An extensive literature search for relevant studies was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases from their inception through May 1st, 2013. This meta-analysis was performed using the STATA 12.0 software and crude hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Eight clinical studies were included in this meta-analysis with a total of 665 pancreatic cancer patients treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy, including 373 patients in the high RRM1 expression group and 292 patients in the low RRM1 expression group. Our meta-analysis revealed that high RRM1 expression was associated with improved overall survival (OS) of pancreatic cancer patients (HR=1.56, 95%CI=0.95-2.17, P<0.001). High RRM1 expression also was linked to longer disease-free survival (DFS) than low RRM1 expression (HR=1.37, 95%CI=0.25-2.48, P=0.016). In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests that high RRM1 expression may be associated with improved OS and DFS of pancreatic cancer patients treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. Detection of RRM1 expression may be a promising biomarker for gemcitabine response and prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.

The Disintegration of Yugoslavia's Communist Federation

ZHANG,Fen THE INSTITUTE OF EAST AND WEST STUDIES YONSEI UNIV 1994 Global economic review Vol.23 No.1

The disintegration of Yugoslavia in its post-1945 form brought forcefully into question the viability of one peculiar model of state organization for multinational conglomerates. Like Soviet Russia in 1918, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1922, and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in 1968, the renewed Yugoslavia in 1944-1946 proclaimed itself a federation of republican form. It also had several other important traits in common with these states. If one discounts the previous boastful propaganda claims by former communist regimes about the presumably immense superiority of "socialist federations" over the "bourgeois" ones, there is nothing particularly unique, in a world-wide perspective, about the second Yugoslavia's failure. It must be admitted that no form of political system automatically guarantees a state"s stability and longevity. However, the origin, development, and mode of disintegration in Yugoslavia's case have had a number of peculiarities which set it apart from the USSR and the CSFR.The margin between its survival and irreparable breakdown had been rather slim in 1989-1990 and its disintegration as a community of nations was avoidable.

Association analysis of polymorphisms of G protein-coupled receptor 54 gene exons with reproductive traits in Jiaxing Black sows

Fen Wu,Wei Zhang,Qian-Qian Song,Hai-Hong Li,Ming-Shu Xu,Guoliang Liu,Jin-Zhi Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.8

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) gene and explore association of this candidate gene with reproductive traits in Jiaxing Black sows. Methods: Six pairs of primers of the gene were designed to amplify all exons thus sequences of which were detected by means of direct sequencing and then SNP loci were scanned. The effects of SNPs on total number of piglets born (TNB), number of piglets born alive (NBA), number of still born piglets (NSB), and litter weight at birth (LWB) of Jiaxing Black sows were analyzed. Results: Three SNP loci, including T3739C, C3878T and T6789C, were identified via comparison of sequencing and two genotypes (AB, BB) at each SNP site were observed. T3739C resulted in the change of amino acid (Leu→Pro) in corresponding protein, and C3878T resulted in synonymous mutation (Ile→Ile). Statistical results demonstrated that allele B was the preponderant allele at the three SNP loci and Genotype BB was the preponderant genotype. Meanwhile, Chi-Square test of these three SNPs indicated that all mutation sites fitted in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). For GPR54-T3739C locus, Jiaxing Black sows with genotype BB had 1.23 TNB and 1.28 NBA (p<0.01) that were more than those with genotype AB, respectively. Jiaxing Black sows that had the first two parities with genotype BB had additional 2.23 TNB, 2.27 NBA (p<0.01), and 1.94 LWB (p<0.05) compared to those with genotype AB, respectively. However, for other two loci, no significant difference was found between TNB, NBA, NSB, and LWB, and different genotypes of Jiaxing Black sows. Conclusion: In conclusion, the polymorphisms of GPR54-T3739C locus were significantly associated to TNB, NBA, and LWB and could be used as a potential genetic marker to improve reproductive function of Jiaxing black sows.

Tissue distribution of sialic acid-linked influenza virus receptors in beagle dogs

Zhang-Yong Ning,Xin-Tao Wu,Yan-Fen Cheng,Wen-Bao Qi,Yu-Fu An,Heng Wang,Gui-Hong Zhang,Shou-Jun Li 대한수의학회 2012 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.13 No.3

Reports of influenza A virus infections in dogs has received considerable attention from veterinarians, virologists, and epidemiologists. Interaction between influenza viral hemagglutinin and cell oligosaccharides containing sialic acid residues results in infection. Sialic acids have an α-2,3-linkage to the penultimate galactose in the avian influenza virus receptor and an α-2,6-linkage in the human receptor. To date,there are no detailed data on the tissue distribution or histological features of either type of sialic acid-linked influenza virus receptors in beagle dogs, which are common laboratory animals and pets. We conducted the current study to visualize the in situ tissue distribution of both sialic acid-linked influenza virus receptors in various organs of beagle dogs using Maackia amurensis lectin II and Sambucus nigra agglutinin. Both α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialic acid-linked receptors were detected in the endothelial cells of the respiratory tract and other organs. Endothelial cells of most gastrointestinal organs were negative for α-2,3-sialic acid-linked receptors in the dogs. Our results suggested that these canine organs may be affected by influenza virus infection. The findings from our study will also help evaluate the occurrence and development of influenza virus infections in dogs.

Securing the AES Cryptographic Circuit Against both Power and Fault Attacks

Jinbao Zhang,Ning Wu,Fang Zhou,Fen Ge,Xiaoqiang Zhang 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.5

Aiming to protect cryptographic circuits against physical attacks, researchers have proposed a variety of mature and effective countermeasures. However, most of these defensive technologies are used for specific and single attack, thus it is hard to thwart combined attack, such as combined power and fault attacks. In this paper, we propose a dual complementary infection countermeasure for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptographic circuit to defend against both power and fault attacks. According to the target AES circuit, we first design and construct a dual complementary AES circuit to defend against power attacks, which can balance the power consumption when processing different data. Besides, to defend against fault attacks, in the dual complementary AES circuit, we design an improved random infection mechanism to diffuse the effect of injected faults. Experiment results show that the proposed countermeasure can thwart both power and fault attacks effectively. Compared with those AES circuits which can only defend against single attack, our designed circuit increases greatly the security under extra 83.1% area overhead and 2.1% impacts on the maximum working frequency.

MINIMUM TIME LANE CHANGING PROBLEM OF VEHICLE HANDLING INVERSE DYNAMICS CONSIDERING THE DRIVER'S INTENTION

Xinglong Zhang,Youqun Zhao,Wenxin Zhang,Fen Lin,Haiqing Li 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.1

By solving driver’s optimal handling input, this paper presents a novel Lane Changing Assistance System (LCAS) which can provide guidance for driver’s lane changing behavior. In addition, vehicle handling inverse dynamics method is proposed to solve driver’s optimal handling input. Firstly, to recognize driver’s lane changing intention and decrease the false alarm rate of LCAS, a lane changing intention recognition model is established. Secondly, the handling inverse dynamics model is established; and then the inverse dynamics problem is converted into the optimal control problem. Finally, the optimal control problem is converted into a nonlinear programming problem based on GPM; then sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is applied to get the solution. The direct collocation method (DCM) is used as the contrast verification of GPM. The simulation results show that the driver’s optimal handling input can be obtained according to driver’s lane changing intention in the proposed LCAS; and GPM has higher computational accuracy compared with DCM. This method may provide a reference for the research of LCAS and unmanned vehicles.

Clerodane furanoditerpenoids from the stems of Tinospora sinensis

Jun-Sheng Zhang,De-Feng Xu,Yin-Yin Wang,Ren-Fen Ma,Hua Zhang 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.5

One new clerodane-type furanoditerpenoidtinosinoid A ( 1 ) and nine new nor-clerodane analogs tinosinoids B–J ( 2 − 10 ) have been isolated from the stems ofTinospora sinensis . The structures of the new compoundswith absolute confi gurations have been elucidated by spectroscopicmeans, including MS, NMR and ECD techniques,as well as chemical correlation. Compound 1 is a rare sulfurcontainingclerodane diterpenoid incorporating a 2-mercaptoethanolunit via a thioether bond, while compounds 4 / 5and 9 represent two pairs of unusual equilibrium regioisomersthrough an interesting intramolecular transesterifi cation. Our bioassays established that 1 and 8 displayed moderateantiproliferative eff ects against two human tumor celllines, and 9 and 10 showed signifi cant α -glucosidase inhibitoryactivities. A kinetics study revealed that compound 10was a noncompetitive α -glucosidase inhibitor, and its possiblebinding mode to the enzyme was further probed bymolecular docking experiments.

Performance of Hepatitis B Core-Related Antigen Versus Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis B Virus DNA in Predicting HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative Chronic Hepatitis

Zhan-qing Zhang,Yan-bing Wang,,Wei Lu,,Dan-ping Liu,,Bi-sheng Shi,,Xiao-nan Zhang,,Dan Huang,,Xiu-fen Li,,Xin-lan Zhou,,Rong-rong Ding, 대한진단검사의학회 2019 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.39 No.1

Background: We examined changes in hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) during the four sequential phases of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic infection (EPCI) and hepatitis (EPCH), followed by HBeAg-negative chronic infection (ENCI) and hepatitis (ENCH). We compared the performance of serum HBcrAg, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and HBV DNA in predicting EPCH and ENCH.