병원마케팅의 이해와 문제점에 관한 고찰

황용철,김 성 제주대학교 동아시아연구소 1999 東아시아硏究論叢 Vol.10 No.-

상품소비의 사회적 상징성과 소비자행동에 관한 고찰 : A Symbolic Interactionism Perspective 상징적 상호작용의 관점을 중심으로

황용철 濟州大學校 地域社會發展硏究所 1999 社會發展硏究 Vol.15 No.-

상품의 상징성에 관한 대부분의 실증적 논문들은 일상적인 사회생활에서 상품들이 소 비자들에 의해 어떻게 사용되고 있는지에 대해서 상대적으로 그다지 관심을 기울이지 않고 있다. 본 고에서는 많은 상품들을 소비함으로써 체득하는 주관적인 경험들이 사실상 소비자의 사회적 실체와 자아개념 그리고 행동의 구조화에 공헌하고 있다는 사실을 다양한 관련 2차자료의 고찰과 분석을 통한 연역적 방법에 의해 규명하고자 한다. 나아가, 소비자가 사회적 역할을 수행하는테 있어서 안내자로서의 역할을 하는 상품의 사회적 의미에 소비자가 보다 의존하고, 특히 그러한 역할 요구가 새로운 것일 때 더욱 의존하는 경향이 있다는 사실을 논의하고자 한다. 전통적인 마케팅 이론에서는 상품을 개인의 중요한 욕구에 대한 반응으로 간주해 온 반면, 본고에서는 "상품이 개인의 행동에 대해 중요한 자극물로써 작용한다" 라는 전제를 그 바탕에 두고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 상징적 상호작용으로부터 응용된 개념을 통합함으로써, 상품 상 징성의 중요성을 "자기정의와 역할수행' 의 중재자로서 강조하고자 하는 것이다. most empirical work on product symbolism has paid relatively little attention to how products are used by consumers in everyday social life. this paper argues that the subjective experience imparted by the consumption of many products substantially contributes to the consumer's structuring of social reality, self-concept, and behavior Moreover, the consumer often relies upon the social meanings inherent in products as a guide to the performance of social roles, especially when role demands are novels. While marketing theory traditionally views products as post hoc responses to underlying needs. the focus here is on conditions under which products serve as a prioistimuli to behavior. By integrating concepts adapted from symbolic interactionism, this approach stresses the importance of product symbolism as a mediator of self-definition and role performance. A theory of symbolic consumption must account for the mechanism(s) by which the consumption of products is related to the rest of social behavior. this need echoes that voiced by others for a focus on social stimuli in consumer research(e.g., Schenk and Holman 1980). Given the central role of consumption in everyday social life, the behavioral sciences also need to address the lack of a theory of materialism-i.e., a theory that elucidates the relationship(5) between people and objects(Belk 1981; Csikszentmihalyi 1982). The thrust of the present argument is that: 1. The symbolism embedded in many products is the primary reason for their purchase and use. 2. Individuals are evaluated and placed in a social nexus to a significant degree by the products which surround them. 3. The reflexive evaluation construct implies that the product symbolism which is instrumental in assigning meaning to others is also used by individuals to assign social identity to themselves. 4. The outcome of this self-definition process guides behavior via the script that is evoked. 5. Symbolic consumption can exert an a priori effect on role definition and interaction, especially in situations where internalized behavioral responses are lacking. The Marketing Implications of this literature review are as follows. First, "Non-Human Variables Affect Human Behavior" Products function as social entities which, much like other (human) role models, act as guides to behavior. The process of consumption is thus integrally related to the process of role-playing. This new emphasis seems warranted, especially given the robust impact of a variety of ecological variables on human interaction patte군 Various situational cues have been showen to affect consumer behavior (Belk 1974); the very layout of an office affectsthe tone of interactions that occur within it (Amira and Abramowitz 1979). If interpersonal relations are affected by factors such as heat (Bell and Baron 1976), crowding (Griffitt and Veitch 1971), and air pollution (Rotten et at. 1978), it seems likely that material goods, which are so central to self-expression and communication, have at least as much -if not more-impact. As one example, debates in such fields as law enforcement (Tenzel, Storms, and Sweetwood 1976) and health care (Brown and Gold Stein 1968) over the effects that uniforms versus civilian clothing have on service delivery attest to the potential impact of clothing symbolism upon role performance. Second, "The Fluidity of Self-Concept" Some past work has acknowledged that people employ products to influence how they appear to others in a given situation (e. g., Schenk and Holman 1980) While most work on self-concept and brand choice assumes that the consumer's actual and/or ideal self is static (e. g., Birdwell 1968; Dolich 1969), the present approach adopts a more fluid perspective. This assumption appears to be consistent with past psychological research on the self-concept (of Wylie 1961). As was recently observed by Sirgy (1982), this general approach has the advantage of acknowledging that consumers have many self-concepts; brand consumption may by highly related to self-image in one situation but not in another. Third, "Products Define the Self" The concept of reflexive evaluation poses the question: When does the actor begin to believe in his or her own script? Under some circumstances (e. g., role transition), product symbolism may evoke a specific self-image. Behavior is then patterned to be consistent with the "me" that is called forth. Cooley's (1902) looking glass self provides a useful way of viewing this process. The feedback that the individual receives from the reflection of others' estimated appraisals results in a decision as to whom he or she "is" at that point. It is then that the individual can make conscious, minor adjustments to optimize the image quality communicated to others- that is products can be used to communicate role information after they have been used by their owner to decide what role should be communicated. Fourth, "Consumers Are People Too" If the focus of symbolic consumption is broadened to consider the a priori impact of material symbolism on behavior, the role of products in general theories of social behavior may be upgraded. In addition, marketers should be made more aware of the significance of products as determinants of behavior. An abundance of products and services-from clothing, automobils, cosmetics, and furniture to restaurants, office environments, and air lines-are rich in symbolic content. The nature of consumers' interactions with symbol systems may determine their attitudes toward them and toward themselves. A further integration of products with social science constructs is a challenge for both social psychologists and consumer behavior researchers. It is hoped that the theoretical input of the former can be blended with the empirical contributions of the latter to balance and extend our knowledge of symbolic consumption. The result may be a blurring of the sometimes artificial distinction between consumer behavior and human behavior.

Canine juvenile cellulites의 진단과 치료 증례

황철용,유종현,강형석,윤화영,한홍율 한국임상수의학회 2002 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Canine Juvenile cellulitis was diagnosed in 2 puppies hospitalized in Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Characterized dermatological problems were presents of scale, crust, purlent exudation and alopecia limited on their face. On cytologic examinations of direct impression smears for the lesions, numerous neutrophils and macrophagies were observed. No bacteria and fungus were noted. Treatments with administration of predinisolone and antibiotic orally combined with topical shampoo treatment had good results for the two puppies.

페스트푸드점 이용고객의 싸이코그래픽 특성 고찰

황용철,김경호 제주대학교 경상대학 경영경제연구소 1999 경영경제연구 Vol.1 No.-

여성관광객의 유람관광으로부터 추구하는 혜택에 관한 연구

황용철 제주대학교 관광과경영경제연구소 2003 産經論集 Vol.18 No.-

사춘기전 Ⅰ,Ⅱ급 부정교합 아동의 기도 면적, 혀의 위치와 안면 형태에 관한 연구

황용인,이규홍,이기준,김상철,조형준,천세환,박양호 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구는 사춘기 성장 이전의 I, II급 부정교합을 갖는 아동 환자들의 측모 두부 규격 방사선사진을 이용하여 두개 안면 형태를 조사하고 이들과 혀의 위치 및 면적, 기도의 면적과의 관계를 조사하여 비인두 기도 및 혀의 형태가 악골 및 부정 교합의 형태에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 9 - 11세의 교정환자 76명을 대상으로 측모 두부 규격 방사선사진상 ANB difference를 기준으로 대조군(I급 부정교합군: 0 ≤ ANB difference < 4.0)과 실험군(II급 부정교합군: ANB difference ≥ 4.0)으로 분류하였다. 혀 면적, 혀와 구개 사이의 면적, 비인두 기도 면적과 두개안면형태 항목을 측정하고 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 혀 면적, 혀와 구개 사이의 면적, 비인두 기도 면적은 II급 부정교합군과 I급 부정교합군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Hyperdivergent안면 형태일수록 비인두 기도 면적이 좁았다. 안모의 전후방 수직 길이가 길수록 혀의 면적이 넓었고, 전안면 고경이 길수록 혀는 하방위치 하였다. 비인두기도 면적이 좁을수록 혀의 면적도 좁아졌다. 이상의 연구 결과 혀의 면적과 위치, 비인두 기도의 면적은 I급, II급 부정교합 간에 차이를 보이지 않으며 hyperdivergent 안면 형태 및 안모의 전후방 수직 길이와 관련이 있는 것으로 사료된다. Objective: This study examined the craniofacial morphology of young patients in their prepubertal stage showing class I, II malocclusion, by analyzing lateral cephalograms, and analyzed its relationship with tongue position, tongue space, and airway space in order to ascertain the effects of nasopharyngeal airway and tongue morphology on the form of the malocclusion. Methods: Seventy-six patients aging from 9 to 11 were divided into two groups depending on the ANB difference on the lateral cephalogram: Experimental grouP (CI II malocclusion group) showing 0 ≤ ANB difference < 4.0; Control group (CI I malocclusion group) showing 0 ≤ ANB difference < 4.0. The tongue space, space between palate and tongue, nasopharyngeal airway space and craniofacial morphology were compared between the two groups. Results: Tongue space, Palate-tongue space, nasopharyngeal airway space showed no significant differences between class I and class II malocclusion groups. Hyperdivergent faces were associated with smaller nasopharyngeal airway space. Longer anterior facial height and posterior facial height were associated with larger tongue space, and greater anterior facial height were associated with lower tongue position, Smaller nasopharyngeal airway space showed smaller tongue space. Conclusions: Tongue space and nasopharyngeal airway space showed no significant differences between class I malocclusion group and class II malocclusion group. Only anterior facial height and posterior facial height had an influence on tongue space and nasopharyngeal airway space.

Ni鹽 溶液에서의 Ni 이온의 還元擧動

黃龍吉,金炳哲 東亞大學校 1987 東亞論叢 Vol.24 No.1

Electroless Nickel Plating was performed to investigate into the effect of change in deposite rate of nickelion, corrosion resistance of deposites layer and changes in hardness by heat treatment. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows, The main factors controlling the deposite rate were NA₃C??. H??O??, 2H₂O and Pb(NO₃)₂. The highest hardness value obtained by heat treatment of deposite plating layer appeared to be H??975 at the temperature of 350。C for 1hour. The improvement of hardness value by heat treatment was caused by the formation of Ni₃P crystal from amorphous plating layer. The corrosion resistance of deposite layer was increased with increasing phosphorous content. The phosphorous content was related with PH of bath solution. Among the three specimens obtained by PH 4.1, 5 and 6, The highest corrosion resistance appeared for the specimen of PH 4.1 under the condition of immersion of the specimen in IN-HNO₃

사회변화 캠페인과 마케팅적 대응에 관한 고찰

황용철 濟州大學校 地域社會發展硏究所 1998 社會發展硏究 Vol.14 No.-

협력적 커뮤니케이션과 관계몰입간의 관계 : 채널 분위기의 조절효과

황용철 제주대학교 경상대학 경영경제연구소 2000 경영경제연구 Vol.2 No.-

마케팅 커뮤니케이션 수단으로서 스포츠 마케팅 활용 방안

황용철 제주대학교 동아시아연구소 1999 東아시아硏究論叢 Vol.10 No.-