Air quality management policy and reduced mortality rates in Seoul Metropolitan Area: A quasi-experimental study

Han, Changwoo,Lim, Youn-Hee,Yorifuji, Takashi,Hong, Yun-Chul Elsevier 2018 Environment international Vol.121 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>The air quality management policy was introduced in Seoul and Incheon metropolitan cities in the Republic of Korea, from 2005 to 2014. Despite particulate matter concentrations decreasing after policy implementation, the consequent health benefits have not been evaluated. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of the air quality management policy on cause-specific mortality rates in Seoul and Incheon.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Using interrupted time series analysis with a generalized Poisson regression model, we compared daily average mortality rates before (baseline, 2004–2005) and after (2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2010–2011, 2012–2013) the policy implementation. To account for the long term mortality trends, we weighted daily mortality rate of Seoul and Incheon with daily mortality rate of Daejeon (another metropolitan city with no air quality management policy implemented during the same period).</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Decline in the particulate matter concentration was greater in Seoul and Incheon than in Daejeon. After adjusting for potential confounders, there were 8% decrease in cardiovascular disease mortality rates and 10% decrease in cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in Seoul in 2012–2013 compared to the baseline period. In Incheon, an 8% reduction in cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in 2012–2013 was calculated. There was no change in mortality rates due to external causes or respiratory disease after policy implementation.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Our study suggests that the air quality management policy was effective in reducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality rates in Seoul and cerebrovascular mortality rates in Incheon.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The air quality management policy was introduced in Seoul and Incheon cities in the Republic of Korea. </LI> <LI> We used interrupted time series analysis to evaluate the health effects of the policy. </LI> <LI> There were decrease in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality after the policy implementation. </LI> <LI> The policy was associated with improvements of both air quality and health. </LI> </UL> </P>

The Association Between Oxidative Stress and Depressive Symptom Scores in Elderly Population: A Repeated Panel Study

Han, Changwoo,Lim, Youn-Hee,Hong, Yun-Chul The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2016 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.49 No.5

Objectives: Previous epidemiological studies about oxidative stress and depression are limited by hospital-based case-control design, single-time measurements of oxidative stress biomarkers, and the small number of study participants. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the association between biomarker of oxidative stress and depressive symptom scores using repeatedly measured panel data from a community-dwelling elderly population. Methods: From 2008 to 2010, a total of 478 elderly participants residing in Seoul, Korea, were evaluated three times. Participants underwent the Korean version of the Short Form Generic Depression Scale (SGDS-K) test for screening depression, and urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as an oxidative stress biomarker. We used a generalized estimating equation with a compound symmetry covariance structure to estimate the effects of oxidative stress on depressive symptom scores. Results: A two-fold increase in urinary MDA concentration was significantly associated with a 33.88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.59% to 47.42%) increase in total SGDS-K scores. In subgroup analyses by gender, a two-fold increase in urinary MDA concentration was significantly associated with increased SGDS-K scores in both men and women (men: 30.88%; 95% CI, 10.24% to 55.37%; women: 34.77%; 95% CI, 20.09% to 51.25%). In bivariate analysis after an SGDS-K score ${\geq}8$ was defined as depression, the third and the fourth urinary MDA quartiles showed a significantly increased odds ratio(OR) of depression compared to the lowest urinary MDA quartile (third quartile OR, 6.51; 95% CI, 1.77 to 24.00; fourth quartile OR, 7.11; 95% CI, 1.99 to 25.42). Conclusions: Our study suggests a significant association between oxidative stress and depressive symptoms in the elderly population.

The Development of the Mission · Vision · Core Values for Korean NeuroPsychiatric Association

Changwoo Han,Kounseok Lee,Han Yong Jung,Kang Joon Lee,Chul Eung Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2017 신경정신의학 Vol.56 No.4

Awareness of public mental health has increased due to drastic changes in society, and issues concerning the rights of mentally ill patients have emerged. The Korean NeuroPsychiatric Association (KNPA) has examined the current environment and proposed directions for improvement of this field. As the step for the implementation of the development of the mission · vision · core values for KNPA, KNPA have gone on the effort to improve public mental health letting people realize of the work that KNPA have carried out and help members work together. The committee of special mission of KNPA began in 2016 and held its first meeting on March 25 with professional consultants. They researched and collected information, carried out interviews, surveys, analyzed various opinions, and examined information and materials throughout 7 meetings. The special members of KNPA submitted agendas to the board of directors on September 9th, and the provisional board committee debated and decided the final agendas on September 24th. They announced the mission · vision · core values for KNPA on October 28th at the great autumn congregation held in Kimdaejung Convention Center in Kwangju. The event has proved that all members of KNPA have cooperated for the rights and interest of the committee, and will lead the public mental health of our society. This will provide the basis for the better life of our society.

Kaurenoic acid, a natural substance from traditional herbal medicine, alleviates palmitate induced hepatic lipid accumulation via Nrf2 activation

Changwoo Han 대한한의학회 2020 대한한의학회지 Vol.41 No.4

Serum Levels of Growth Factors in Alcohol-dependent Patients according to Comorbid Depressive Symptoms

Changwoo Han,Donghyun Ahn,Woong Hahm,Junghyun Nam,Yongchon Park,Seulgi Lim,Dai-Jin Kim 대한정신약물학회 2016 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.14 No.1

Objective: This study aims to reveal the relationship of depression with growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in inpatients diagnosed with alcohol depend-ence, and to identify candidate growth factors as biological markers to indicate the comorbid of alcohol dependence and depression. Methods: This study examined demographic factors in 45 alcohol-dependent patients. The ADS (Korean version of the Alcohol Dependence Scale) and BDI (Korean version of Beck’s Depression Inventory) were used. BDNF, NGF, and IGF-1 were measured through ELISA. Results: The average drinking quantity and the ADS score were significantly more severe in alcohol-dependent patients with depression than in those without depression. Linearly comparing BDNF, NGF, and IGF-1 with BDI values, IGF-1 was the growth factor significantly correlated with BDI scores. BDI scores were significantly correlated with ADS scores. IGF-1 was significantly higher in alcohol-dependent patients with depression. Alcohol-dependent patients with depression had greater alcohol use and more severe ADS scores. BDNF and NGF showed no significant difference between alcohol-dependent patients with and without depression, but IGF-1 was significantly higher in those with than in those without depression. Conclusion: IGF-1 was found to be associated with depression in alcohol-dependent patients, suggesting that IGF-1 in alco-hol-dependent patients could be an important biomarker to indicate whether alcohol-dependence is accompanied by depression.

컨볼루션 신경망 기반 인루프 필터링 기술 동향

한창우(Changwoo Han),김홍일(Hongil Kim),김동현(Donghyun Kim),정승원(Seung-Won Jung) 대한전자공학회 2023 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.6

Patient’s Perspective on Psychiatric Drugs: A Multicenter Survey-Based Study

Seoyun Han,Sun-Young Kim,Young-Eun Jung,Won Kim,Jeong Seok Seo,Inki Sohn,Kwanghun Lee,Jong Hun Lee,Sang-Keun Chung,Sang-Yeol Lee,Jung Wan Hong,Bo-Hyun Yoon,Young Sup Woo,Changwoo Han,Jhin Goo Chang,Wo 대한신경정신의학회 2024 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.21 No.1

Objective We aimed to identify the expectations and preferences for medication and medical decision-making in patients with major psychiatric disorders.Methods A survey was conducted among patients with major psychiatric disorders who visited psychiatric outpatient clinics at 15 hospitals between 2016 and 2018 in Korea. The survey consisted of 12 questions about demographic variables and opinions on their expectations for medication, important medical decision-makers, and preferred drug type. The most preferred value in each category in the total population was identified, and differences in the preference ratio of each item among the disease groups were compared.Results A total of 707 participants were surveyed. In the total population, patients reported high efficacy (44.01%±21.44%) as the main wish for medication, themselves (37.39%±22.57%) and a doctor (35.27%±22.88%) as the main decision makers, and tablet/capsule (36.16%±30.69%) as the preferred type of drug. In the depressive disorders group, the preference ratio of high efficacy was significantly lower, and the preference ratio of a small amount was significantly higher than that of the psychotic disorder and bipolar disorder groups. The preference ratio of a doctor as an important decision maker in the bipolar disorder group was higher compared to the other groups.Conclusion This study revealed the preference for medications and showed differences among patients with psychiatric disorders. Providing personalized medicine that considers a patient’s preference for the drug may contribute to the improvement of drug compliance and outcomes.

갈망 : 생물학적 이해와 치료적 접근

한창우(Changwoo Han),최영숙(Young Sook Choi),김영호(Young-Ho Kim),이건석(Kounseok Lee) 한국중독정신의학회 2018 중독정신의학 Vol.22 No.2

Objectives : Craving is defined as the desire for using the substance. It plays an important role in the recurrence of the substance- related disorder. The purpose of this review was to summarize the pathophysiology behind craving and pharmacological and psychological treatment of craving. Methods : We searched and reviewed articles on craving for the substance. Results : The neurotransmitters involved in craving are dopamine and serotonin. Dopamine acts on the enhancement of action, while serotonin acts by inhibiting the release of γ-Aminobutyric acid. Both acamprosate and naltrexone could be used for craving treatment. Moreover, cognitive behavioral therapeutic methods have been employed for the treatment. Conclusion : The systematic management of craving aimed at preventing the recurrence of substance- related disorders could result in improvement of compliance and reduction in recurrence and treatment cost.

알코올사용장애를 동반한 외상후스트레스 장애의 EMDR 치료 증례

한창우(Changwoo Han),배활립(Hwallip Bae) 한국중독정신의학회 2016 중독정신의학 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives : The aim of this study is to share the therapeutic potential of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with alcohol use disorder. Methods : This case report concerns a Korean survivor of an earthquake that occurred in New Zealand in 2010. The subject was a female patient in her late 20s who presented with almost all symptoms of the PTSD. In addition, she had reached a degree corresponding to the diagnosis of alcoholism. Results : Four 90-min sessions were delivered weekly by the first author for 4 weeks with 1-week intervals between sessions. At 6 months post-EMDR, one additional EMDR was performed to treat residual symptoms. Conclusion : She became greatly stable after 3rd session. She was able to sleep without relying on alcohol and to return to her daily life. Before EMDR was car-ried out, the patient’s the clinician administered PTSD scale (CAPS) score was 78, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score was 17, and the Korean version of the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS-K) score was 15. At 6 months after EMDR, her CAPS score was 28, which fell outside the diagnostic level for PTSD. AUDIT and ADS-K scores were 13 and 10, respectively.

직교형 고소작업차 구조 안정성 평가에 관한 연구

한창우(Changwoo Han),손재환(Jaehwan Son),박기진(Keejin Park),장은실(Eunsil Jang),우승민(Seungmin Woo) 한국자동차공학회 2013 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

This study is investigated on the structural stability estimation of the vehicle with 4 wheels and 2 rectangular-type lifting utilities. This vehicle can be moved on the dirt sloping load and carried heavy fruits with a heavy motor, batteries, hydraulic balancer, and power-pack that controls lifting utilities. Through the multi-body dynamics analysis on the vehicle mechanism, overturning angles in the right-left and front-rear direction for st-r conditions can be determined. It is verified whether tractive resistances and required powers of the wheels which have been calcurded in climbing different gradients are allowable. Through the analysis on the position of batteries the overturning stability of the vehicle can be determined. And through the finite element analysis on the frame of lifting utility which is loaded maximum von Mises stress and deformation structure are calculated. Therefore it is known that the vehicle for high place operation in the wheel type has dynamical and structural stability.