퇴행성 슬관절염 환자 평가 설문도구의 내적 신뢰도, 상관성에 관한 연구

류성룡,안경애,서병관,강중원,이상훈,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objective : The aim of this study is to evaluate internal reliability and correlation among assessment instruments of knee OA. Methods : Data were obtained from 85 patients with knee OA. They were asked to answer VAS pain scale, two disease-specific questionnaires (WOMAC and LFI) and one instrument about health-related quality(KHAQ). Reliability was assessed using cronbach's alpha. Correlation was assessed by examining the pearson's correlation coefficients. Results : Cronbach's alpha of all Index except WOMAC stiffness subscale(.6679) exceeded the value of 0.70. A good correlation was obtained between WOMAC Subscale (especially Pain Subscale) and LFI (.726<cronbach's alpha<.791). Also, Correlation between KHAQ and two disease-specific questionnaires (WOMAC and LFI) was good(.612<cronbach's alpha<.662). Conclusions : All used instruments have good internal reliability. also, There are good correlation among them. The treatment of knee OA must be focused on health related quality. For this, we should use proper assessment instruments.

제통단이 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

서병관,류성룡,강중원,우현수,이상훈,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives : to evaluate the effects of Jetongdan, the newly developed herbal medicine, on the quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of knee Methods : Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial on the 80 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee was fulfilled. After enrollment, they took medication as they enrolled. And they were asked to answer the questionnaires (Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ), Lequesne's functional index (LF1), visual analogue scale (VAS)) and analysed with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at baseline, after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of medication. Results : Total KHAQ score, some categories of KHAQ like hygiene, activities were significantly improved after 8 weeks of medication. And the change of the KHAQ score was significantly correlated with the change of VAS. But LFI, VAS, ESR level was not significantly improved, and it was considered because of the short medication period and small size of study population. Conclusion : In conclusion, Jetongdan could improve the health-related quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of knee. Further study in the large population, in long period were recommended.

퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 증상 중증도 지표와 DITI의 상관성 연구

서병관,류성룡,강중원,안경애,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호,이상훈 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives : To investigate the applicability of thermography as severity measurement in the patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Methods : Data were obtained from 80 patiens with OA of the knee. They were asked to answer two disease-specific questionnaire (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA index, Lequesne's Functional Index (LFI)), one generic instrument (Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ)), VAS in order to assess the severity of disease, quality of life, degree of pain and taken thermography in standardized environment. Results : The thermal difference between ipsilateral side and contralaterla side of lateral aspect of knee was correlated with that of medial aspect of knee, and the thermal difference of anterior thigh was correlated with that of lateral, medial aspect of knee and patella region. Age, duration of disease, duration of morning stiffness, sex, crepitus, and painful side of knee were not correlated with the thermal differences of each region. LFI, WOMAC, WOMAC pain subscale, WOMAC stiffness subscale, WOMAC physical function, KHAQ,, VAS were not correlated with the thermal differences of each region. Conclusion : Further study on the thermography on OA of the knee in population with appropriate severity grade and the standardization of analysis of thermographic data were recommended.

2차 전지의 방전에 의한 수소-공기 혼합가스의 점화에 관한 연구

이춘하,권병덕,오종용 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This papers describes on the experimental consideration for the intrinsically-safe explosion-proof capability of rechargeable battery's body about main item, rechargeable battery and cellular phone battery which is selling in domestic that IEC(Intemational Electrotechnical Commission) recommend the measurement of ignition limit by short circuit of rechargeable battery and temperature increase test to use a explosion grade Group ΠC type of explosion-proof type apparatus test an object of hydrogen gas. Because of that, there are many different results for existence or nonexistence for ignition by different company and different types. It is concluded that the maximum of self temperature increasing by spark circuit of rechargeable battery is 180℃ in case of Nickel-Hydrogen, and 110C in case of Nickel-Cadmium. The reaction of cellular battery for external temperature have following processes. It is confirmed that the temperature of reaction is rise slantly as the ambient temperature rising, then exterior shape of one is swell up and change when the temperature of ambient reach to about 130~140℃, and when reach to about 160℃ the battery is blown up. Therefore, it is considered that have to be in considering selection of rechargeable battery using in itself due to different ignition limits of various rechargeable battery when the portable electric containing rechargeable battery are designed, produced and used, the characteristics and the proper safety factors of devices.

진해 일대 조류의 종 다양성

이원호,장지덕,최병인,강성룡,김성진,권기정 동아대학교 부설 기초과학연구소 2004 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구은 진해항 일대의 조류상을 조사ㆍ분석한 것이다. 조사는 2001년 12월부터 2002년 4월까지 28회를 조사하였다. 센서스 기간 중 총 61종의 조류를 조사 지역내에서 관찰할 수 있었으며, 연 55,115개체가 관찰되었다. 종수의 합계와 총 개체수 그리고 종별ㆍ개체별 출현 빈도에서 유도된 종 중요도는 불은부리갈매기[0.58], 괭이갈매기[0.14], 흰죽지[0.12], 고방오리[0.07], 민물도요[0.07], 참새[0.06], 재갈매기[0.06]가 중요한 종으로 나타났다. 월별 최대 관찰 개체수는 2001년 12월에 46종 5,993개체를 관찰하였으며, 2002년 1월에 37종 7,105개체, 2월에 37종 8,837개체, 3월에 38종 4,106개체, 그리고 4월에 32종 2,819개체를 관찰하였다. 종 풍부도는 4월에 가장 높게 나타났으며, 종 다양성과 균등도는 1월이 가장 높게 나타났다. 월별 종의 유ㆍ무와 개체수를 비교하여 양방향 유사도를 분석한 결과 2월과 3월의 조류 군집이 유사한(0.69: Pearson Correlation Index) 것으로 나타났고, 다음으로 1월(0.617), 12월(0.522)로 12, 1, 2, 3월이 하나의 cluster를 형성하고 있었으며, 4월이 틀린 cluster를 형성하고 있다. 수금류, 섭금류, 갈매기류, 참새류 등 4가지 중요 군집으로 구분하여 개체수를 비교한 결과 66%가 붉은부리갈매기 외 3종의 갈매기류였고, 21%가 혹부리오리 외 13종의 수금류, 7%가 붉은머리오목눈이 외 21종의 참새목, 5%가 흰물떼새 외 5종의 섭금류, 1%미만의 맹금류, 논병아리류, 가마우지류의 조류로 나타났다. We investigated the abundance and local distribution of birds, in four areas of the jinhae. Data were collected from four areas in the jinhae from 2001 to 2002. In this study, 55115 individual birds of 80 species were censused. We evaluated important species with abundance of birds were as follows: Black-headed Gull[0.58], Black-tailed Gull[0.14], Pochard[0.12], Pintail[0.07], Dunlin[0.07], Tree Sparrow[0.06], and Herring Gull[0.06]. The number of species and individuals in each month were recorded as follows: 5993 individual birds of 46 species in December(2001), 7105 individual birds of 37 species in January(2002), 8837 individual birds of 37 species in February, 4106 individual birds of 38 species in March, 2819 individual birds of 32 species in April. In study period, the april was the highset richness(R' =0.60) and the January was the highest diversity(H'=2.08) and evenness(E5=0.52) with an expected species number of E[S_(818)]=29. Pairwise similarity declined with increasing distance between recording month and recording month from two different clustered separately in a UPGMA cluster tree. Comparison of population variable at 4 sites of 4 classes was compared as follows: 1.Gull(66%), 2. Waterfowl(21%), 3. Passerine(7%), and 4. Wader(5%).

한국과 일본의 교육투자수익률 비교

이정우,안병룡 慶北大學校 1997 經商論集 Vol.25 No.1

결합조직형성 모종 1예

이병진,노진혁,조옥자,박시룡 대한피부과학회 2003 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.41 No.1

Desmoplastic trichilemmoma is a rare variant of trichilemmoma characterized by typical features of trichilemmoma with abundant desmoplastic stroma. We report herein a 54-year-old man presented with 2-year history of a solitary bean sized verrucous nodule on the occipital scalp. Histologically, the tumor showed a well-defined lobular growth extending from the epidermis into the dermis with abundant central desmoplastic stroma. Epithelial lobules at the margins of the neoplasm showed the typical features of trichilemmoma composed of glycogen-rich clear cells and peripheral palisading columnar cells. In contrast, at the center the cells assume a more random pattern of cords and strands traversed by the hyaline stroma, mimicking invasive carcinoma. It was diagnosed desmoplastic trichilemmoma by the distinctive histologic appearance and totally excised. (Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(1) : 120∼122)

단결정 실리콘의 파괴거동을 위한 초정밀 위치결정시스템의 개발

이병룡 울산대학교 기계부품 및 소재 특성평가연구센터 1999 연구보고서 Vol.1999 No.-

본 연구에서는 신경회로망 제어기와 PID제어기의 장점을 이용한 신경회로망-PID 병렬제어기를 이용하여 압전구동시스템의 동적 모형이나 히스테리시스 모델을 구해야 하는 과정을 생략하였고, 전체 구동시스템의 동특성을 실시간적으로 자기학습(self-learning) 시켜서 히스테리스와 같은 비선형문제를 보상하도록 하였다. 그리고, 실제실험을 통하여 제안된 신경회로망-PID 제어기가 만족할만한 위치제어성능을 보임을 검증하였으며 개발된 장치를 이용하여 단결정 실리콘의 압입시험을 수행하였다. A piezoelectric actuator is widely used in precision positioning applications due to its excellent positioning resolution. However, the piezoelectric actuator lacks in repeatability because of its inherently high hysteresis characteristic between voltage and displacement. In this paper, a controller is proposed to compensate the hysteresis nonlinearity. The controller is composed of a PID and neural network part in parallel manner. The output of the PID controller is used to teach the neural network controller by the unsupervised learning method. In addition, the PID controller stabilizes the piezoelectric actuator in the begining of the learning process, when the neural network controller is not learned. However, after the learning process the piezoelectric actuator is mainly controlled by the neural network controller. In this paper, the excellent tracking performance of the proposed controller was verified by experiments and was compared with the classical PID controller.

자율주행 로봇의 주행시 지역최소점 이탈 알고리즘의 개발

이병룡 울산대학교 1999 공학연구논문집 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구에서는 탐색반경 (search radius)의 개념을 이용하여 장애물들이 일정한 반경 내에서 감지되면 장애물들에 의한 반발전위함수 값을 계산하도록 하여, 전위함수 값이 최소인 방향으로 이동하도록 하였다. 이 방법은 전처리과정을 생략할 수 있고, 탐색을 위한 계산과정도 간단해지며 돌발적으로 발생하는 미지의 장애물들도 쉽게 우회할 수 있다. 이동 로봇들간에 우선순위 기념과 중간목표위치(subgoal) 개념을 도입하여 각 로봇들이 동시에 이동하는 작업공간에서 로봇상호간 및 로봇과 정적장애물과의 충돌위험성을 효과적으로 줄일 수 있고 각 로봇이 지역최소점에 빠지더라도 실시간적으로 지역최소점을 이탈할 수 있는 기능을 가지도록 하였다. 또한, 중간목표위치를 off-line적으로 설정하여 작업공간 내부에서 로봇들의 이동경로를 효과적으로 설계 및 변경이 가능하다. A path planning using potential field method is very useful for the real-time navigation of mobile robots. However, the method needs high modeling cost to calculate the potential field because of complex preprocessing, and mobile robots may get stuck into local minima. In this paper, An efficient path planning algorithm for multiple mobile robots, based on the potential field method, was proposed. In the algorithm, the concepts of subgoals and obstacle priority were introduced. The subgoals can be used to design and change the paths of mobile robots in the work space. In obstacle priority, all the objects (obstacles and mobile robots) in the work space have their own priorities, and the object having lower priority should avoid the objects having higher priorty than it has. In this paper, first, potential based path planning method was introduced, next an efficient collision-avoidance algorithm for multiple mobile robots, moving in the obstacle environment, was proposed by using subgoals and obstacle priority. Finally, the developed algorithm was demonstrated graphically to show the usefulness of the algorithm.

새로운 3가 유기루테늄 착물의 합성과 반응

李東煥,金鶴九,徐大龍,金炳淳 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.1

The paramagnetic organoruthenium (Ⅲ) complexes (η^5-C_5Me_5)RuCl₂(PR₃) (PR₃=PMe₃, PEt₃,PiPr₃, PCy₃, PMe₂Ph, PMePh₂,PPh₃, P(p-C_6H₄CH₃)₃, DPPE, DPPB, Py), (2a~2k) were synthesized by the reaction of [(η^5-C_5Me_5)RuCl₂]₂(1) with 1 equivalent of the corresponding phosphines (PR₃). The effective magnetic moment (μ_eff=1.65~2.07 B.M.) derived from the magnetic susceptibility measurements of the complexes (2a~2k) were consistent with the presence of a $quot;$quot;single$quot;$quot; unpaired electron in the molecule. Treatment of dichlororuthenium (Ⅲ) complex (η^5-C_5Me_5)RuCl₂(PR₃) (2) (i) with KBr in acetone afforded the dibromoruthenium (Ⅲ) complex (η^5-C_5Me_5)RuBr₂(PR₃) (PR₃=PPh₃), (ii) with sodium amalgam in diethylether led to th bis (phosphine) derivatives (η^5-C_5Me_5)RuCl(PR₃)₂(PR₃=PMe₃, PMePh₂), and (iii) with carbonmonoxide gave to the carbonyl derivatives (η^5-C_5Me_5)RuCl(PR₃)(CO) (PR₃=PMe₃, PPh₃).