Morphological classification, anatomical variations, innervation patterns, musculocutaneous nerve relation of the coracobrachialis muscle: anatomical study and clinical significance

Ashraf Youssef Nasr,Rawan Ashraf Youssef 대한해부학회 2024 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.57 No.2

The anatomical variations of coracobrachialis muscle (CBM) are of great clinical importance. This study aimed to elucidate the morphological variations, innervation patterns and musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) relation to CBM. Upper limbs of fifty cadavers (30 males and 20 females) were examined for proximal and distal attachments, innervation pattern of CBM and its relation to MCN. Four morphological types of CBM were identified according to number of its heads. The commonest type was the two-headed (63.0%) followed by the single belly (22.0%), three-headed (12.0%) and lastly four headed (3.0%) type. Moreover, an abnormal insertion of CBM was observed in four left limbs (4.0%); one inserting into the medial humeral epicondyle, the second into the upper third of humeral shaft, the third one in the common tendon of biceps, and the fourth one showing a bifurcated insertion. Also, four different innervation patterns of CBM were identified including MCN (80.0%), lateral cord (14.0%), lateral root of median nerve (4.0%), and median nerve itself (2.0%). The course of MCN was superficial to the single belly CBM (19.0%) and in-between the heads in the other types (71.0%). Measurements of the length and original distance of CBM muscular branches originating from MCN revealed no sex or side significant difference. Awareness of the anatomic variations, innervation patterns, and MCN relation of CBM is imperative in recent diagnostic and surgical procedures to obtain definite diagnosis, effective management and good outcome.

Pediatric hypertension: an updated review

Ashraf Mohd,Irshad Mohd,Parry Nazir Ahmed 대한고혈압학회 2021 Clinical Hypertension Vol.27 No.1

Globally hypertension in adults is among the leading preventable cause of premature death, where a graded association from the childhood hypertension is well recognised. With the concurrent rise in obesity and pediatric hypertension (HTN) during the past decade in developed countries, a parallel trend is emerging in developing countries that has a potential for exponential rise in cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal tragedies. A cumulative incidence of pediatric HTN in China and India is 50–70 and 23% respectively, is quite disturbing. New guidelines for the detection, evaluation and management of hypertension in children and adolescents published in 2017, where a jump in prevalence of pediatric HTN is observed, rings a call to address this under-attended burning problem; for which a review in pediatric hypertension and its management is warranted.

Precise Detection and Elimination of Grid Injected DC from Single Phase Inverters

Ashraf Abdel hafeez Ahmed Mahm,Ran Li 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Single-phase voltage source inverters are used for connecting small scale renewable energy sources to low voltage distribution networks. They operate to supply the network with sinusoidal current. If output transformers are not used, these inverters must prevent excessive dc current injection, which may cause detrimental effects in the network. In this study, the causes of dc current injection in a common inverter topology are analyzed. This work explains the design and test of a passive filter circuit precisely measuring the dc component in the inverter output current. The filtered dc signal is then used to control the single phase inverter for the objective to keep the dc injection low – below the standard limit. Characteristics of the proposed method are illustrated using simulation and experimental results.

Genetic diversities of Bemisia tabaci cryptic species in Nigeria, their endosymbionts and acquired Geminiviruses

Ashraf Akintayo Akintola,Hwal-Su Hwang,Fatema Khatun Mst,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

Energy Efficient Online Power Allocation for Two Users With Energy Harvesting

Ashraf, Mateen,Jung, Jaehoon,Shin, Hun Min,Lee, Inkyu IEEE 2019 IEEE signal processing letters Vol.26 No.1

<P>In this letter, we propose an online power allocation (PA) method to maximize energy efficiency (EE) in energy harvesting systems with realistic battery constraints for two receivers. The optimization problem in this system configuration is challenging since it has a non-convex fractional form and the information of channel quality and the harvested energy can only be obtained causally in practice. To overcome these issues, we design time-average EE maximization through Lyapunov optimization techniques where the transmission power is computed with current battery information and channel fading. Moreover, based on random matrix theory, we present a simplified online EE algorithm. Numerical experiments verify that the proposed PA outperforms conventional online approaches with much reduced computational complexity.</P>

A systematic study of ionized gas-radio emission connection in active galactic nuclei

Ashraf Ayubinia,Jong-Hak Woo 한국천문학회 2022 天文學會報 Vol.47 No.1

Effect of Annealing on Properties of Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate Electrolyte Thick Films Prepared by Aerosol Deposition

Ashraf Khan,안철우,류정호,Woon-Ha Yoon,한병동,최종진,김종우,Dong-Soo Park 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.2

Li1.5[Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3] glass-ceramic powder was used for the deposition of thick films on silicon substrateby aerosol deposition. The deposited films were annealed at 873 K and 1023 K for 6 h in air. The thicknessof the films was 10-12 μm and the relative density was 78%-82%. As-deposited films had nano-scalegrains and amorphous regions while in the annealed films, the grain growth and improved crystallinity wereobserved. The grain size was increased from 12 nm to 25 nm and 97 nm after annealing at 873 K and1023 K, respectively. The ionic conductivity of the as-deposited film was 8.49 × 10−9 S cm−1, which increased to1.06 × 10−5 S cm−1 and 1.16 × 10−4 S cm−1 after annealing at 873 K and 1023 K, respectively. The increasedionic conductivity is explained in terms of the increased grain size as well as the improved crystallinity.

ON GENERALIZED JORDAN LEFT DERIVATIONS IN RINGS

Ashraf, Mohammad,Ali, Shakir Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회보 Vol.45 No.2

In this paper, we introduce the notion of generalized left derivation on a ring R and prow that every generalized Jordan left derivation on a 2-torsion free primp ring is a generalized left derivation on R. Some related results are also obtained.

Reproductive Toxicity Evaluation of Pestban Insecticide Exposure in Male and Female Rats

Ashraf M. Morgan,A. M. Abd El-Aty 한국독성학회 2008 Toxicological Research Vol.24 No.2

Sexually mature male and female rats were orally intubated with the organophosphorus insecticide, Pestban at a daily dosage of 7.45 or 3.72 ㎎/㎏ bwt, equivalent to 1/20 and 1/40 LD50, respectively. Male rats were exposed for 70 days, while the female rats were exposed for 14 days, premating, during mating and throughout the whole length of gestation and lactation periods till weaning. The results showed depressed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain of parents, fetuses and their placentae in a dose-dependent manner. The fertility was significantly reduced with increasing the dose in both treated groups, with more pronounced suppressive effects in the male treated group. The number of implantation sites and viable fetuses were significantly reduced in pregnant females of both treated groups. However, the number of resorptions, dead fetuses, and pre-and postimplantation losses were significantly increased. The incidence of resorptions was more pronounced in treated female compared to male group and was dose dependant. The behavioral responses as well as fetal survival and viability indices were altered in both treated groups during the lactation period. The incidence of these effects was more pronounced in the treated female group and occurred in a dose-related manner. The recorded morphological, visceral, and skeletal anomalies were significantly increased with increasing the dose in fetuses of both treated groups, with more pronounced effects on fetuses of treated females. In conclusion, the exposure of adult male and female rats to Pestban would cause adverse effects on fertility and reproduction.

Offsite Radiological Consequence Analysis of Hypothetical Accidents for APR1400

Ashraf Musauddin,김주열 (사)한국방사선산업학회 2019 방사선산업학회지 Vol.13 No.2

About 25% (113 units) of the world’s nuclear power plants (NPPs) are operating inNortheast Asia including Korea, China, Japan and Taiwan as of June 2019 based on the powerreactor information system (PRIS) of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Accordingly,the possibility of exposure to unexpected nuclear accidents in Northeast Asia is getting higherand higher. With guidance of lessons learned from previous nuclear disasters such as the ThreeMile Island accident in 1979, the Chernobyl accident in 1986 and Fukushima accident in 2011,offsite radiological consequence analysis using computerized software has been considered as oneof essential quantitative risk communication in order to identify and discuss public concerns andworries about nuclear safety and public health risk in case of hypothetical nuclear accidents aroundspecific NPPs. In this study, radiological assessment system for consequence analysis (RASCAL)developed by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and Northeast Asia nuclear accidentsimulator (NANAS) developed by Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) in Korea wereintegrally used to quantify the offsite radiological consequences and to examine the emergencyprotective measures for the general public around regions of Shin Kori unit 3, the first commercialreactorof advanced power reactor 1400 MWe (APR1400). Comprehensive simulations of radiologicalsource term estimation, atmospheric dispersion analysis and radiation dose assessment to thepublic have been performed in case of two hypothetical nuclear accidents involving station black out(SBO) and loss of coolant accident (LOCA).