Cement Augmentation of Vertebral Compression Fractures May Be Safely Considered in the Very Elderly

Anoop R. Galivanche,Courtney Toombs,Murillo Adrados,Wyatt B. David,Rohil Malpani,Comron Saifi,Peter G. Whang,Jonathan N. Grauer,Arya G. Varthi 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: The objective of the current study was to perform a retrospective review of a national database to assess the safety of cement augmentation for vertebral compression fractures in geriatric populations in varying age categories. Methods: The 2005–2016 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program databases were queried to identify patients undergoing kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty in the following age categories: 60–69, 70–79, 80–89, and 90+ years old. Demographic variables, comorbidity status, procedure type, provider specialty, inpatient/outpatient status, number of procedure levels, and periprocedure complications were compared between age categories using chi-square analysis. Multivariate logistic regressions controlling for patient and procedural variables were then performed to assess the relative periprocedure risks of adverse outcomes of patients in the different age categories relative to those who were 60–69 years old. Results: For the 60–69, 70–79, 80–89, and 90+ years old cohorts, 486, 822, 937, and 215 patients were identified, respectively. After controlling for patient and procedural variables, 30-day any adverse events, serious adverse events, reoperation, readmission, and mortality were not different for the respective age categories. Cases in the 80- to 89-year-old cohort were at increased risk of minor adverse events compared to cases in the 60- to 69-year-old cohort. Conclusion: As the population ages, cement augmentation is being considered as a treatment for vertebral compression fractures in increasingly older patients. These results suggest that even the very elderly may be appropriately considered for these procedures (level of evidence: 3).

Ultra-thin platinum interfacial layer assisted-photovoltaic response of transparent Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ thin film capacitors

Anoop, G.,Seo, Juhee,Han, Chang Jo,Lee, Hyeon Jun,Kim, Gil Woong,Lee, Sung Su,Park, Eun Young,Jo, Ji Young Elsevier 2015 SOLAR ENERGY -PHOENIX ARIZONA THEN NEW YORK- Vol.111 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For transparent solar cells, Sn:In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Pb(Zr, Ti)TiO<SUB>3</SUB>/Pt(⩽5nm)/Sn:In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> capacitor structures were fabricated using a cost-effective solution process. The insertion of ultra-thin Pt layer between the bottom Sn:In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> electrode and Pb(Zr, Ti)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> plays a critical role in the photovoltaic characteristics of the capacitors. The Pb(Zr,Ti)O<SUB>3</SUB> capacitors with a 5nm thick Pt layer showed excellent polarization–voltage curves with reduced leakage current due to both partial (111) orientation of Pb(Zr,Ti)O<SUB>3</SUB> and alloy formation between Pt and the Sn:In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> bottom electrode, as confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectra analysis. The capacitors with a 5nm thick Pt layer exhibit transmittance of 45–50% in the visible light region. The current density–voltage characteristics under light illumination (AM1.5G) exhibit an open circuit voltage value of −0.62V and short circuit current density of 0.6μA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> after negative poling, with a maximum power conversion efficiency of 1.7×10<SUP>−4</SUP>%. The open circuit voltage of the capacitors with a 5nm thick Pt layer is larger with negative poling due to the higher net internal bias arising from the Schottky barrier.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Transparent Pb(Zr,Ti)O<SUB>3</SUB> (PZT) capacitors were fabricated using cost-effective solution process. </LI> <LI> Photovoltaic response was investigated by introducing ultra-thin Pt layer between bottom electrode and PZT. </LI> <LI> Introduction of Pt layer reduces the leakage current and enhances ferroelectric and PV response. </LI> <LI> The transmittance of the capacitors were 45–50% in visible region. </LI> </UL> </P>

Could We Prevent Displacing the Undisplaced Fracture Neck of Femur?

Anoop C. Dhamangaonkar 대한정형외과학회 2012 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.4 No.2

Equation chapter 1 section 1 investigation, analysis, optimization of reciprocating wire-cut electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy with molybdenum electrode

Anoop Johny,C. Thiagarajan 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.4

In this work, titanium grade 2 alloy is evaluated for their machinability behavior using novel reciprocating wire-cut electricaldischarge machining (RWEDM) by changing the wire feed rate, flow rate of dielectric, variable frequency and current as perTaguchi’s approach (L27 orthogonal array) towards maximizing material removal rate (MRR) and minimizing surfaceroughness (SR) and kerf width (KW). A multiple attribute decision method, The Technique for Order of Preference bySimilarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is implemented for simultaneous optimization of output responses. The ideal conditionobtained is: wire feed of 8 mm/min, flow rate of 15 g/sec, variable frequency of 22 Hz and current density of 220 A. Analysisof Variance identifies that the influence of feed rate of wire electrode is noteworthy with a contribution of 67.12% followedby flow rate and variable frequency. Recast layer on the machined specimens is also evaluated using scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) images which shows lower distortion. A metaheuristic particle swarm optimization (PSO) optimizationmethod is utilized for further optimizing the output responses and is found that the results obtained matches with the resultsof TOPSIS. Finally, a validation experiment is performed with ideal conditions of input parameters and verified.

Effect of Closed Suction Drain on Blood Loss and Transfusion Rates in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Study

( Anoop Jhurani ),( Gautam M. Shetty ),( Vinay Gupta ),( Purvi Saxena B. Tech ),( Nidhi Singh M. Pharm ) 대한슬관절학회 2016 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Purpose: Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with excessive blood loss and morbidity arising from postoperative reduction in hemoglobin (Hb). The purpose of this prospective randomized study was to determine if drains have any effect on blood loss, postoperative reduction in Hb levels and transfusion rates compared to no drainage in simultaneous bilateral TKAs. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA by a single surgeon were randomly allotted to drain or no-drain group (n=115 in each group). Postoperative Hb level, blood loss volume and transfusion rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean postoperative Hb level (p=0.38), blood loss volume (p=0.33) and transfusion rate (p=0.52) in the drain group were not significantly different compared to the no-drain group. No statistical difference was found in terms of complications, readmissions and mortality rates between the two groups. Conclusions: No significant difference was observed in the two groups with respect to blood loss and blood transfusion. Non-drainage does not offer an advantage over drainage with respect to conserving blood in simultaneous bilateral TKA.

Perioperative Outcomes in 17,947 Patients Undergoing 2-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Versus 1-Level Anterior Cervical Corpectomy for Treatment of Cervical Degenerative Conditions: A Propensity Score Matched National Surgical Quality Impro

Anoop R. Galivanche,Raj Gala,Preetpaul S. Bagi,Arianne J. Boylan,Christopher M. Dussik,Pedro D. Coutinho,Jonathan N. Grauer,Arya G. Varthi 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4

Objective: To compare the perioperative morbidity of 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with that of 1-level anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for the treatment of cervical degenerative conditions. Methods: A retrospective study of the 2005–2016 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for patients undergoing 2-level ACDF and 1-level ACCF was performed. Patient data included: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), functional status, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (PS) classification. Hospital data included: operative time and length of hospital stay (LOS). Thirty-day outcome data included: any, serious, and minor adverse events, return to the operating room, readmission, and mortality. After propensity matching for age, sex, ASA PS classification, functional status, and BMI, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to compare outcomes between the 2 propensity-matched subcohorts. Finally, multivariate logistic regression that additionally controlled for operative time was performed to compare the 2 propensity-matched subcohorts. Results: A total of 17,497 cases were identified, with 90.20% undergoing 2-level ACDF and 9.80% undergoing 1-level ACCF. Patients undergoing 2-level ACDF were younger, more likely to be female, had higher functional status, and had shorter operative time and LOS (p<0.001). After propensity score matching, cases undergoing 1-level ACCF had a statistically significant higher rate of serious adverse events (p=0.005). This difference was no longer significant after controlling for operative time. Conclusion: While there was noted to be additional morbidity in 1-level ACCF cases relative to 2-level ACDF cases, the lack of difference once controlling for the surgical time supports using the procedure that best accomplishes the surgical objectives.

Correlation of Vitamin D and Body Mass Index with Modic Changes in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain in a Sub-Tropical Asian Population

Anoop Mattam,George Sunny 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.1

Study Design: Cross-sectional study by non-probability consecutive sampling. Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess body mass index (BMI) and investigate vitamin D levels in patients with low back pain (LBP) and study a possible relationship with myopathy-related symptoms and Modic changes. Overview of Literature: LBP is a multifactorial problem and the search for its patho-anatomical causes is ongoing. Modic changes seem to be a cause of back pain but the pathological mechanisms underlying this are not completely defined. Hypovitaminosis D and obesity have also been shown to cause chronic musculoskeletal pain. The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and BMI with Modic changes has not been studied in detail. Methods: Three hundred and sixteen patients with chronic LBP was selected for the study by non-probability consecutive sampling. The study was conducted over a period of 12 months from January 2014 to December 2014 at St. John’s Medical College, Banglore. Questionnaires were provided to the participants and demographic information, symptoms, weight and height were recorded from the study subjects. BMI was calculated. Serum vitamin D level was assessed and Modic changes studied on magnetic resonance imaging. Correlations between vitamin D, BMI and Modic changes were studied using correlation coefficients and odds ratios obtained from logistic regression. Results: Two hundred and fifty-six out of 316 patients (80%) had low vitamin D. 83% of patients with BMI>25 kg/m2 had low vitamin D levels as compared to 69% with BMI<25 kg/m2. Statistically significant correlation coefficients were found between vitamin D levels, BMI and Modic changes. Significant association was found between low vitamin D levels and Modic changes (odds ratio 1.75). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and obesity have significant relations with LBP. Low vitamin D levels is associated with Modic changes but whether they represent a subgroup of patients whose low backpain is associated with low vitamin D needs to be further evaluated.

Anomalously high dielectric strength and low frequency dielectric relaxation of a bent-core liquid crystal with a large kink angle

Anoop Kumar Srivastava,김종윤,여성구,정진영,최이준,SINGHVIJAY,이지훈 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.6

We investigated the dielectric dispersion property of a bent-core liquid crystal (BLC) with a large kink angle in the frequency range of 1.0 Hze5.5 MHz in a planar aligned cell. Single dielectric dispersion was observed in the smectic A, nematic, and isotropic phase of the planar aligned sample. The dielectric strengths, relaxation frequencies, distribution parameters, and dc conductivity were measured as a function of temperature. The dielectric strength of the observed relaxation mode was anomalously high (~70), whereas the relaxation frequency was low at ~500 Hz. The relaxation mode observed in the planar aligned cell was attributed to the fluctuations in the polarization direction due to the cooperative motion of the molecules.

Effect of buoyancy-assisted flow on convection from an isothermal spheroid in power-law fluids

Anoop K. Gupta,Rajendra Prasad Chhabra 한국유변학회 2016 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.28 No.2

In this work, the coupled momentum and energy equations have been solved to elucidate the effect of aiding- buoyancy on the laminar mixed-convection from a spheroidal particle in power-law media over wide ranges of the pertinent parameters: Richardson number, 0≤Ri≤5; Reynolds number, 1≤Re≤100; Prandtl number, 1≤Pr≤100; power-law index, 0.3≤n≤1.8, and aspect ratio, 0.2≤e≤5 for the case of constant thermo-physical properties. New results for the velocity and temperature fields are discussed in terms of the streamline and isotherm contours, surface pressure and vorticity contours, drag coefficient, local and surface averaged Nusselt number. The effect of particle shape on the flow is seen to be more pronounced in the case of oblates (e < 1) than that for prolates (e > 1). The propensity for wake formation reduces with the rising values of power-law index, Richardson number and slenderness of the body shape (e > 1). Also, the drag coefficient is seen to increase with the Richardson number and power-law index. All else being equal, the Nusselt number shows a positive dependence on the Richardson number and Reynolds number and an inverse dependence on the power-law index and aspect ratio of the spheroid. Limited results were also obtained by considering the exponential temperature dependence of the power-law consistency index. This factor can increase the values of the average Nusselt number by up to ~10-12% with reference to the corresponding values for the case of the constant thermo-physical properties under otherwise identical conditions. Finally, the present values of the Nusselt number have been consolidated in the form of Colburn j-factor as a function of the modified Reynolds and Prandtl numbers for each value of the aspect ratio (e). The effect of the temperature dependent viscosity is included in this correlation in terms of a multiplication factor.

Safety and Efficacy of 6.2 mm Patellar Button in Resurfacing Less than 20 mm Thin Patella: A Matched Pair Analysis

( Anoop Jhurani ),( Piyush Agarwal ),( Mukesh Aswal ),( Purvi Saxena ),( Nidhi Singh ) 대한슬관절학회 2018 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Purpose: Restoring the native patellar thickness after patellar resurfacing provides optimal function of the knee after arthroplasty and minimises complications related to the patellofemoral articulation. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of a thin patellar button (6.2 mm) in patients with a patella thickness of less than 20 mm during total knee arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective case control study. A total of 54 female patients with an intraoperative patellar thickness of <20 mm, resurfaced with a patellar button of 6.2 mm in thickness were identified (group 1). They were matched with 54 patients with a patellar thickness of 20-23 mm, resurfaced with a patellar button of 8 mm (group 2), based on age, sex, body mass index, and deformity. A clinical and radiological evaluation was done at a minimum 2-year follow-up. Results: The preoperative mean patellar thickness was 18.94±1.07 mm and was restored to 19.06±0.79 mm in group 1, as compared to 21.63±0.99 mm and 21.72±0.99 mm in group 2. The mean postoperative range of motion was 122.22°±9.25° in group 1 and 123.52°±8.72° in group 2 (p=0.13). No patellar bone or button related complications were observed in any patient in either group. Conclusions: The 6.2 mm thin patella is useful to restore the native thickness in patients with a patellar thickness of less than 20 mm without risk of button fracture, loosening or overstuffing.