YOLO 인공지능 플랫폼을 이용한 이상행동 감시 시스템

이상락(Sang-Rak Lee),손병수(Byeong-Su Son),박준호(Jun-Ho Park),최병윤(Byeong-Yoon Choi) 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

본 논문에서는 YOLO 인공 지능 플랫폼을 이용하는 이상행동 감시 시스템을 구현하였으며, YOLO 시스템의 one-shot 감지 시스템 사용으로 기존 감시 시스템에 비해 우수한 응답 특성을 갖는다. YOLO 인공 플랫폼은 폭행, 절도, 방화와 같은 이상행동들로 구성된 이미지 세트로 학습되었다. 이상행동 감시 시스템은 서버와 클라이언트로 구성되어 있으며, 상용화될 경우 각종 범죄 문제를 풀기 위해 스마트시티에 적용이 가능하다. In this paper, abnormal behavior monitoring system using YOLO AI platform was implemented and had superior response characteristics compared to the conventional monitoring system using two-shot detection by using one-shot detection of YOLO system. The YOLO platform was trained using image dataset composed of abnormal behaviors such as assault, theft, and arson. The abnormal behavior monitoring system consists of client and server and can be applicable to smart cities to solve various crime problems if it is commercialized.

중증 주산기 가사 환아에서 시행한 초기 뇌파 검사의 임상적 의의

이종욱,최원정,김천수,이상락,김준식,Lee, Jong Uk,Choi, Won Joung,Kim, Chun Soo,Lee, Sang Lak,Kim, Jun Sik 대한소아청소년과학회 2003 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.46 No.8

목 적 : 주산기 가사 환아는 뇌손상 정도에 따라 다양한 임상경과와 예후를 나타낸다. 이에 초기 뇌파의 소견이 저산소성 뇌증 환아의 임상경과와 예후를 예측할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1999년 7월부터 2002년 6월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원 소아과 신생아 중환자실에 1분 Apgar 점수 3점이하의 중증 주산기 가사소견으로 입원했던 만삭아를 생후 3일 이내에 시행한 초기 뇌파검사 소견으로 미세 변화군(정상, 국소성 극파 혹은 서파)과 전반적 이상군(다형성 극파, 돌발-억제파(burst-suppression), 전반적 저전위파)으로 나누어서 각 군간 입원시 혈액 검사소견(암모니아, 요산, 젖산, pH), 임상소견(입원기간, 산전 모성 위험인자 유무, 경련유무 및 지속기간, 기계적 환기 필요여부, 경구수유 시작시기), 예후(사망 혹은 발달장애 유무) 등을 비교하여 통계적 분석을 하였다. 결 과 : 총 25명 중 미세 변화군은 15명, 전반적 이상군은 10명이었으며 양군 모두 외부 출생아가 70% 이상으로 많았다. 두 군간 성별, 평균 재태 기간, 출생 체중은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 미세 변화군에 비해 전반적 이상군에서 산전 모성 위험인자 내재(20.0% vs 60.0%), 평균 경련 지속기간(1.5일 vs 5.5일), 기계적 환기가 필요한 경우(20.0% vs 60.0%) 및 경구수유 시작시기(3.2일 vs 9.9일)가 의미있게 늦었으나 경련 동반율(66.7% vs 100.0%)은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 사망 혹은 발달장애를 동반한 나쁜 예후로의 진행은 미세 변화군 중 13.3%에 비해 전반적 이상군 중 60.0%로 의의있게 많았다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 주산기 가사에 노출된 환아들의 초기 뇌파검사 소견에서 다형성 극파나 돌발-억제파, 전반적 저전위파 등의 전반적 이상이 있는 경우 나쁜 임상 경과와 예후를 보여서, 주산기 가사 환아들의 예후를 예견하는데 지표로 이용될 수 있으리라 생각된다. Purpose : Perinatal asphyxia occurring in newborn is one of the major causes of acute mortality and chronic neurological disability in survivors. We have studied the relationship between early electroencephalography(EEG) findings and clinical course and neurologic outcome in severe asphyxiated neonates. Methods : Between the period of July 1999 and June 2002, 25 neonates who were diagnosed with severe perinatal asphyxia(1-minute Apgar score of ${\leq}3$ and initial pH is less than 7.2) at NICU in Dongsan Medical Center were enrolled. An EEG was recorded and analyzed within three days of life and divided into two groups - group 1(normal or focal change on EEG) and group 2(generalized abnormal EEG). Between the two groups, clinical courses and neurologic outcomes were compared. Results : Fifteen infants(60%) were group 1 and ten infants(40%) were group 2(polyspikes, burst-suppression, generalized low voltage). Associated maternal disease, days of hospitalization, need for ventilator support, delay of oral feeding and convulsion duration are significantly higher and longer in group 2. Also, poor neurologic outcome(expire, developmental delay) was significantly higher in group 2(60%) than group 1(13.3%). Conclusion : Thus, the early neonatal EEG in asphyxiated newborn can be a predictable diagnostic tool in assessment of neurologic outcome.

열성경련의 지속시간과 경련 횟수에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대한 연구

홍승아(Seung Ah Hong),김성훈(Sung Hoon Kim),이상락(Sang Lak Lee),김준식(Joon Sik Kim) 대한소아신경학회 2002 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.10 No.1

목적:근래에는 열성경련과 저나트륨혈증의 연관성에 관한 많은 연구와 성인에서 오래 지속되는 비열성경련에서 말초혈액의 백혈구가 증가되는 것이 보고되어, 열성경련에서 경련 지속시간 및 경련횟수와 말초혈액의 백혈구 증가증 및 저나트륨혈증의 연관성을 연구함으로써 말초혈액의 백혈수 증가와 저나트륨혈증이 복합열성경련을 예측 인자가 될 수 있는지 규명하고자 하였다. 방법:1999년 4월부터 2001년 3월까지 열성경련으로 동산의료원 소아과에 입원하였던 223명을 대상으로 경련 지속시간 15분 미만과 15분 이상군, 하루 1회의 경련과 2회 이상의 경련을 가진 군, 초발경련과 누적 경련 횟수가 2회 이상이었던 군으로 나누어 내원 당시의 체온, 말초혈액 백혈구수, 혈소판수, 혈청 나트륨과 뇌척수액 소견을 t-test, Chi-square test로 분석하였다. 결과: 1)전체 대상 환아 263명 중 남아가 137명(61%), 여아가 86명(39%)을 차지했으며, 계절적 분포는 겨울에 83명(37.2%)으로 다른 계절보다 많았다. 2)경련 지속시간을 15분과 30분을 기준으로 나누어 혈청 나트륨치와 말초혈액의 백혈구수치를 비교했을 때 유의한 차이는 없었다. 3)하루동안 열성경련이 1회 발생군과 2회이상 발생군 그리고 단독 발생군과 다발 발생군을 비교했을 때 혈청 나트륨치와 말초혈액의 백혈구수치를 비교했을 때 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4)열성경련의 초발연령을 생후 9개월을 기준으로 나누어 비교했을 떄 뇌척수액의 단백은 9개월 미만군은 76.3 mmg/dL이고 9개월이상군은 28 mmg/dL로 9개월 미만군에서 의미있게 증가되었다(P<0.003). 5)경련 형태를 전신성인 경우와 국소성인 경우, 그리고 단순 열성경련군과 복합 열성경련군을 비교 했을 때 혈청 나트륨치와 말초혈액 백혈구수치의 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과에서 성인의 장기간의 발작이 말초 백혈구 수의 증가와 연관이 된다는 보고와는 달리, 경련 지속시간에 따른 말초 백혈구 수뿐만 아니라 혈청 나트륨의 변화도 관찰할 수 없었으며, 말초혈액 백혈구 수와 혈청 나트륨이 복합열성경련을 예측하는 인자가 될 수 없었고, 말초 백혈구 수는 열성경련의 원인질환을 밝히는데에만 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. OBJECTIVE: We studied the correlation of duration and frequency of febrile convulsion with peripheral leukocytosis and hyponatremia and identified whether peripheral leukocytosis and hyponatremia to be prognostic factors. METHODS: Two hundred sixty three children who admitted to Pediatric Department of Dongsan Medical Center for febrile convulsion from April, 1999 to March, 2001 were studied. We grouped patients according to the duration of convulsion, daily frequency and total frequency. Body temperature on admission, leukocytes count, platelet count, serum Na level and CSF findings were analysed among the groups. RESULTS: Febrile convulsions occurred more ofthe in males(61%) than females(31%) and most frequently occured in winter(37.2%). There were no meaningful differences in serum sodium concentration and peripheral WBC count among groups according to seizure duration. There were no meaningful differences between groups according to seizure frequency. The protein concentrations of CSF were high in children who developed seizures before 9 months of age(P<0.003). There were no meaningful differences among groups according to seizure types. CONCLUSION: When we compared each group, we could not find any significant statistical correlation. We concluded that peripheral leukocytosis and serum Na level are not predicting factors but they are helpful to find etiology of fever.

인공지능 : 전향 차분을 이용한 효율적 곡선 생성 알고리즘

이상락(Lee Sang Rak),심재홍(Sim Jae Hong) 한국정보처리학회 1994 정보처리학회논문지 Vol.1 No.2

곡선의 신속한 생성은 컴퓨터 그래픽의 고속 처리를 가능하게하는 중요한 기법 중의 하나이다. 이것은 현재 하드웨어나 소프트웨어를 통하여 상당한 효과를 거두고 있으나 급속한 그래픽의 발전을 보다 빠른 곡선 생성 방법을 요구한다. 본 논문은 전향 차분을 이용하므로써 곡선 상의 점의 좌표를 곱셈을 배제하고 덧셈만으로 계산하여 보다 빨리 곡선을 그릴 수 있는 한 알고리즘(CDAUD라 부름)을 제시한다. CDAUD는 곡선이 부드럽고 완전하게 연결된 상태로 그려지도록 하는 방안을 포함하고 있다. CDAUD의 시간 복잡도(time complexity)는 그리는 곡선에 따라 기존의 방법보다 우수한 경우도 있음을 실험을 통하여 확인할 수 있었다. Fast curve generation is one of important techniques which facilitate fast process of computer graphics applications. It is possible to resolve the task through hardware or software. But rapid development of computer graphics area need methods for more fast generation of curves. This paper propose a algorithm(called CDAUD), which computers the coordinates of points on curce only with add operations using forward differences and draw the curve fast. It also contains the method for generation of smooth and fully connected curves. Time complexity of CDAUD shows that it is superior than the existing method for constrained case, and it's superiority was validated through experimental implementation.

美國의 通信市場 開放壓力狀況 認識을 爲한 小考 : 우루과이라운드와 雙務通信協商에서의 爭點을 中心으로 Chiefly on the raised conflicting viewpoints by the Uruguay Round and Bilateral Negotiation

李相洛,金七星 대구보건대학 1992 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

The Purpose of this study is to recognige the situation that the U.S Government's Pressure of Putting into Korea will be thrown to open the door to American enterprises for the communication market. This articl discussed how the conflicting issue can be dealt with throughout the mutilateral negotiation in the U.R. and the bilateral negotiation in the U.S-Japan MOSS conferences. The three viewpoubts were summariged as following in the Conclusion. 1. Korea Communication market is faced with crisis of the U.S Government's trade Pressure. 2. Korea must be able to relax the U.S Government's trade Pressure with the based bilateralism and to cope with the U.R. 3. Korea must not only rear the communication ndustry for enhance the competitive pover against the overseas' enterprises but also to raise her status in comming up to the information society.

齒科技工物 製作原價의 調査分析

이상락,박명호 대구보건대학 2002 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Dental prosthetic restoration shows a big difference of cost per itemized unit depending on the size of dental labs, facility standard, manpower, and performance. Even the same dental labs have distinctive cost according to manufacturing performance, inflation, and the number of workers. However, in spite of such a change of circumstances, it appears to be quite stable in the relative cost per itemized unit unless the manufacturing trend of particular item changes dramatically. Therefore, if the relative number of cost per itemized unit, which is produced by costing, is indicated, we are able to utilize it effectively as a standard wage estimate. If the wage of dental prosthetic restoration is determined on the basis of cost, it is desirable that the relative value of cost and that of wage are identical. But, by means of comparative analysis, since the relative value of wage reveals mostly lower than that of cost depending on an item, it is considered that the wage is not reflecting the cost appropriately. Due to the subdivision and the profession of medical technology, the new development of wage items for dental prosthetic restoration is required. This means that the need for the establishment of new wage items should be presented as the general concept of dental prosthetic restoration changes and the level of pathologic technology increases. The current wage structure has differences in the degree of difficulty according to unit items and in the cost factors. Nevertheless, the differences are not reflected enough to the wage, so there is a potential to lower the medical quality through the use of low-price materials to avoid the increase of cost and the work process which skips a manufacturing step. The new items of dental prosthetic restoration also increases, but the development of proper numerical value system is not supported. Thus, the right price is set mostly by applying to the wage of a similar item. Since most wages are established by an individual agreement between the dental clinic institute and the dental labs, the propriety of wage level lacks. Therefore, it is urgent to provide and promote the system of a fair work charge by a standard cost which can be applied to all medical institute.

대동맥 축착증을 동반한 Turner 증후군 1례

이상락,김준식,류혜정,권태찬,김천수,이광숙,전효진,유영선,김명성,박근수 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1998 계명의대학술지 Vol.17 No.1

저자들은 Turner 증후군으로 확진된 환아에서 대동맥 축착이 동반된 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. We reviewed a 24 month old girl with clinical features of webbed neck, low posterior hairline, juxtaductal coarctation of the aorta and was confirmed by karyotyping 45XO. Surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta was performed using the techniques of resection and end-to-end anastomosis. The postoperative course was excellent.

음식물쓰레기의 자원화 방안

이상락 대구보건대학 2001 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The improvement of a living standard as the result of economy growth along with overpopulation in metropolis has generated various forms of food waste. Restaurants and households are considered the main cause for the problem. The food waste engenders many headaches like the waste of food resource and the conflict of waste processing. The government felt a limitation to the reclamation in this small land, and 40% of food waste out of all the wastes brought out a sediment and nasty smell. therefore, the government announced a policy that calls for no reclamation without managing food waste in advance. In response to this flow of change, Daegu city needs to do as follow : 1. Establish plans to make food waste resourceful. 2. Seek the objectives and ways of accomplishment for the utility of food waste. 3. Recycle food waste systematically. 4. Use food waste as fodder, manure, and byproduct. The problem of food waste can not be solved by government only. Government and academic circles should make an effort to develop technologies for the better use of food waste, and people should help government to work out its policy. No matter how we work hard, we can not reduce food waste completely and make it 100% resourceful. After all, in reclaiming or incinerating the understanding of people and a group of civil organizations is required.

英美의 貧因政策 變換過程과 公的扶助에 관한 小考

李相洛 대구보건대학 1998 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

This paper was composed as follows: First, the motivation that had this paper whitten was explained. Second, the process of changes in the English Poor Policy was observed. The contents studied here were such matters as the beginning of English Poor Law, the Elizabethan Poor Law, the process of changes in the Poor Law, Social Reform Movement, the Charity Organization and the Development of the Poor Policy. Third, the process of changes in the American Poor Policy was examined. What was intensively studied here were matters with respect to the freedom of the Poor Administration, the beginning of professional Social Work, and modern Poor policy. Forth, the characteristics of Public Relief in England & America was studied. Contents considered here were matters concering Public Relief in England and America. Finally, the whole contents of this paper were summarized.

醫療技士의 免許取得과 實態

李相洛 대구보건대학 1991 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

It is currently recognized that rapid progressive industrial society greatly demands large quantity of highly educated professional technicians in the face of manpower structure. As a result, health and medical sector, also, greatly demands midical technicians, and professional workers are necessary to industrial society. To satisfy such a demand of medical technicians, it will be shown main policy with regard to the movements of medical technicians, effective planning for medical licence aquisition and learning method as follows. As of 1987, 120 junior colleges take charge of vocational education in Korea, and the capacity of annual enterance into the colleges is 110,000 students that occupies 1/3 of higher education. The students will be devoting themselves in the practising of various field of medical technology as a member of leader in the 2000's. Therefore, educational demand of medical technicians will be gradually increased year by year. 1. As an improvement policy for the substantiality of the education of junior college and the employment structure of industrial society- ; (1) Demand and promotion of technical manpower of medium standing. (2) Conversion of industrial society into the society of utilitarianism and capability. (3) Cooperation and mutual relationship between junior colleges and industrial sectors. (4) Educational promotion of vocational practice and training in the relevant enterprises. (5) Plentiful supply of experimental equipments and tools. (6) Licence aquisition as a professional technician. (7) Aggressive government support and assistance for bringing up professional workers. 2. As an effective plans for medical licence aquisition- ; (1) Standardization of the subjects of examination for qualifying test of medical technicians. (2) Establishment of educational environment to community society. (3) Strengthening of vocational practice and training. (4) Cultivation of applied capability about the principle and theory. (5) Putting in practice of achievement test. (6) Holding of seminar about medical technology. (7) Utilization of library and data. (8) Guidance of students with love and understanding. (9) Edification of capability of solution for the subjects. (10) Experiences of theoretical background. (11) Special lecture to national qualification test. 3. As a self-study plans- ; (1) Study and review of basic subjects. (2) Utilization of sub-teaching materials. (3) Exercise of questions and answers. (4) Edification of understanding capability about the lecture. 4. To increase and employment rate, the division of occupation, the development of new jobs, the cooperation between colleges and industrialist, the development of curriculum, the systematic support of administrative organ, and the legislation of the capacity of medical technicians are the issues to be studied.