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홍진화,장익진,민경진,이상훈,어재선,송재윤,이재관,이낙우 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
목적: This is an observational study to determine the most relevant parameter of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) for predicting recurrence in cervical cancer. 방법: Fifty-six patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT were enrolled. PET parameters including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of both primary tumor and pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes were analyzed. SUVmax-S was defined as the sum of the SUVmax of primary tumor and the higher SUVmax of either pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes. MTV-S was defined as the sum of the MTV of primary tumor and pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes. TLG-S was calculated in the same way as MTV-S. We evaluated the relationship between these PET parameters and recurrence-free survival (RFS). 결과: Univariate analysis revealed that higher FIGO stage (hazard ratio [HR]=5.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68-18.68, p=0.005), lymph node metastasis (HR=3.42, 95% CI: 1.08-10.84, p=0.037), MTV of primary tumor >47.81 cm3 (HR=6.20, 95% CI: 1.35-28.48, p=0.019), TLG of primary tumor >215.02 (HR=11.82, 95% CI: 1.52-91.96, p=0.018), MTV-S >59.01 cm3 (HR=8.24, 95% CI: 1.80-37.77, p=0.007), and TLG-S >224.15 (HR= 13.09, 95% CI: 1.68-101.89, p=0.014) were associated with RFS. In multivariate analysis, FIGO stage (HR=4.87, 95% CI: 1.38-17.18, p=0.014) and MTV-S >59.01 cm3 (HR=7.37, 95% CI: 1.54-35.16, p=0.012) were determined to be independent predictive factors for RFS. 결론: Our preliminary results reveal that MTV-S is an independent prognostic factor for RFS in patients with cervical cancer treated by definitive chemoradiotherapy.
Expression pattern of the class I homeobox genes in ovarian carcinoma
홍진화,이재관,박중진,이낙우,이규완,나정열 대한부인종양학회 2010 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.21 No.1
Objective: Although some sporadic reports reveal the link between the homeobox (HOX) genes and ovarian carcinoma, there is no comprehensive analysis of the expression pattern of the class I homeobox genes in ovarian carcinoma that determines the candidate genes involved in ovarian carcinogenesis. Methods: The different patterns of expression of 36 HOX genes were analyzed, including 4 ovarian cancer cell lines and 4 normal ovarian tissues. Using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantification analysis, the specific gene that showed a significantly higher expression in ovarian cancer cell lines than in normal ovaries was selected, and western blot analysis was performed adding 7 ovarian cancer tissue specimens. Finally,immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical analyses were performed to compare the pattern of expression of the specific HOX gene between ovarian cancer tissue and normal ovaries. Results: Among 36 genes, 11 genes had a different level of mRNA expression between the cancer cell lines and the normal ovarian tissues. Of the 11 genes, only HOXB4 had a significantly higher level of expression in ovarian cancer cell lines than in normal ovaries (p=0.029). Based on western blot, immunohistochemical, and immunocytochemical analyses, HOXB4 was expressed exclusively in the ovarian cancer cell lines or cancer tissue specimens, but not in the normal ovaries. Conclusion: We suggest HOXB4 may be a novel candidate gene involved in ovarian carcinogenesis.
홍진화,송승훈,김종기,한정현,이재관 대한의학회 2009 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.24 No.4
The aim of this study was to compare the novel human papillomavirus (HPV) detection method, the HPV 4 Auto-capillary Electrophoresis (ACE) test with the hybrid capture (HC) 2 assay for the detection of high-risk HPVs. In addition, we compared the HPV 4 ACE test with the polymerase chain reaction HPV Typing Set test for the detection of HPV 16 and HPV 18 genotypes. One hundred ninety-nine cervical swab samples obtained from women with previous abnormal Pap smears were subjected to testing with the three HPV tests. The HPV 4 ACE test and the HC 2 assay showed substantial agreement for detection of high-risk HPVs (85.4%, kappa=0.71). The HPV 4 ACE test also showed substantial agreement with the PCR HPV Typing Set test in the detection of HPV 16 and HP V 18 genotypes (89.9%, kappa=0.65). In correlation with cytologic results, the sensitivities and specificities of the HPV 4 ACE test and HC 2 assay were 92.9% vs. 92.9% and 48.1% vs. 50.8%, respectively, when high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were regarded as abnormal cytologies. The novel HPV 4 ACE test is a valuable tool for the detection of high-risk HPVs and for genotyping of HPV 16 and HPV 18.
Updates of the current screening guidelines for the early detection of cervical cancer
홍진화,이재관 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.3
Recently, consensus guideline for the early detection of cervical cancer in Korea has been developed and published. It was developed based on preexisting guidelines, including 2006 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) consensus guidelines. However, some consensus guidelines have recently revised and updated in line with the issuance of our guidelines, such as ASCCP, American Cancer Society guidelines. Unfortunately, these updated contents were not reflected in our guidelines. In addition, Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Group published their meta-analyses data on human papillomavirus testing versus repeat cytology for triage of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology. Therefore, in the following context, we will discuss on the updated contents, differences from our guidelines, and future research recommendations.
홍진화 한국한자한문교육학회 2017 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.43 No.-
본고는 2009 개정 중학교 한문 교과서의 자원학습 실태를 분석한 것이다. 본고의 목적은 2009 개정 중학교 한문 교과서의 자원 학습 제시 실태 및 내용을 분석하고, 그 문제점을 살핀 후, 향후 교과서 집필 시 참고할 수 있도록 제언하는 것이다. 분석결과, 교과서에 제시된 자원학습은 자원 학습의 효율성을 반영하기 위한 것이라기보다는 단순히 교육과정의 내용요소를 담고 있기 위해, 교과서의 시각적 효과를 살리기 위해, 혹은 교육용 기초한자 900자를 교과서에 실기 위한 목적으로 ‘자원 한자’ 라는 영역을 제시하고 있다는 문제점을 발견 할 수 있었다. 또한 자원 풀이 내용에 있어서도 체계적인 기준 없이 교과서 집필자들의 자의적, 임의적 의견으로 자원 한자를 선정하거나 편의적이고 개성적인 설명에 의한 시중의 참고도서를 그대로 교과서에 반영한 경우도 찾아 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 상황 속에서 자원을 활용한 한자학습이 체계적으로 이루어지기 어려울 것이다. 한문이라 는 과목은 국가가 제시한 교육과정 내에 존재하는 과목이다. 그렇기에 ‘공교육’ 이라는 측면에서 교사가 학습자에게 전달하는 교육 내용은 균질성을 확보해야 한다. 따라서 교과서 집필자들은 최근 의 자원 연구 성과를 반영하여, 학리적 검토 위에 과학적이면서도 체계적인 자원 한자 학습이 이루어질 수 있도록 힘써야 할 것이다. This paper analyzes the resource learning situation of 2009 revised middle school classical Chinese textbooks. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current status and contents of the resource learning presentation of the 2009 revised middle school classical Chinese textbooks, to review the problems, and to propose suggestions for future textbooks. As a result of the analysis, the resource learning presented in the textbook is not intended to reflect the efficiency of resource learning, but merely to contain the content elements of the curriculum, to make the visual effect of the textbook effective, or to put 900 basic Korean characters in the textbook We can find the problem of suggesting the area of 'volunteer'. In addition, in the resource pool contents, we could find the volunteers who voluntarily and voluntarily commented on textbooks without a systematic criterion, or reflected the reference books in the textbooks as convenient and individualized explanations. It will be difficult to systematically use the kanji learning. The Chinese class is a subject that exists within the curriculum proposed by the state. Because of in terms of 'public education', the contents that the teacher delivers to the learners should be homogeneous. Therefore, the authors of textbooks should try to make scientific and systematic learning of Chinese characters on the basis of recent research results.
제왕절개 수술 반흔 부위에 착상한 자궁벽내 임신의 Methotrexate 치료
홍진화 ( Jin Hwa Hong ),정유아 ( Yu A Jeong ),황종하 ( Jong Ha Hwang ),김재원 ( Jae Won Kim ),이경주 ( Kyung Ju Lee ),김철환 ( Chul Hwan Kim ),서호석 ( Ho Suk Saw ),박용균 ( Yong Kyun Park ),조수용 ( Soo Yong Chough ),허준용 ( Jun 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.9
Intramural pregnancy implanting in the previous cesarean section scar is one of the rarest form of an ectopic pregnancy and probably the most dangerous form because of its risk of rupture and humorrhage. Pathologically, the location of the gestational sac is completely isolated from the uterine cavity and entirely surrounded by myometrium without any contract of endometrium. For young patients who wish to maintain their fertility, an earlier diagnosis and more conservative treatment are highly desirable. We have recently experienced a case of intramural pregnancy implanting in the scar of cesarean section, treated completely with systemic methotrexate injection. So, we report this case with a brief review of the literature.