한국내 일본사초의 집단 유전 구조

허만규,허홍욱 한국유전학회 1998 Genes & Genomics Vol.20 No.4

Genetic diversity and population structure of seventeen Carex hondoensis (Cyperaceae) populations in Korea were determined using genetic variation at 23 allozyme loci. The source of this species in Korea is native to Japan. The percent of polymorphic loci within the enzymes was 52.2%. Genetic diversity at the species level and at the population level was high (Hes = 0.170; Hep = 0.156, respectively), whereas the extent of the population divergence was relatively low (G_(ST) = 0.043). F_(IS), a measure of the deviation from random mating within the 17 populations, was 0.191. An indirect estimate of the number of migrants per generation (Nm = 5.51) indicates that gene flow is high among Korean populations of the species. Analysis of fixation indices revealed a substantial heterozygosity deficiency in some populations and at some loci. Mean genetic identity between populations was 0.993. This low level of genetic differentiation (G_(ST) = 0.043) and high gene flow among populations (Nm = 5.51) may be undoubtedly contributed to the spread of this species in Korea. In addition, it is highly probable that directional toward genetic uniformity in a relatively the homogeous habitat is thought to be operated among Korean populations of C. hondoensis.

군락내 공간적 분석에 의한 세 종간 상관관계

허만규,허홍욱,김창호 한국생태학회 2000 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.23 No.1

소나무(Pinus densiflora), 쥐똥나무(Ligustrum obtusifolium), 그리고 오리나무(Alnus japonica)의 공간적 상관관계를 생태적, 유전적 분석을 통해 살펴보았다. 이 가운데, 소나무와 쥐똥나무의 생태적 공간관계는 양의 상관관계를 나타낸 반면, 쥐똥나무와 오리나무는 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. Moran의 I값과 표준편차(SND: standard normal deviate)값에 의하면 소나무는 18 m에서 집단구조를 형성 한 반면, 쥐똥나무는 12.5 m간격으로 집단구조가 형성되어 있었다. 오리나무는 명확한 집단구조가 결여되어 있었다. 소나무와 쥐똥나무의 두 종간의 공간구조에 있어, 유전적으로 유의한 상관관계가 형성 된 것은 소나무의 수관이 비교적 좁고, 적절한 피음효과를 제공함으로써, 쥐똥나무의 생육에 기여하였기 때문으로 생각된다. 오리나무와 쥐똥나무의 경우, 광합성과 관련한 수광경쟁에서 비교적 넓은 오리나무의 수관 때문에,두 종간의 동소적 관계가 방해되는 것으로 추정된다. The spatial distribution of allelic frequencies was studied in the natural population of three species (Ligustrum obtusiflolium, Alnus japonica, and Pinus densflora). The distributional patterns of the crown-cover centers were compared between two populations in forests. L. obtusifolium and p. densiflora showed a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation as measured by Moran's I. In P densiflora, the genetic similarity was shown by individuals within up to a scale of 18 m distance and this is partly due to combination of pollen dispersal and long distance seed dispersal by wind or men. In L. obtusifolium, population structure in the distribution of allelic frequencies is related to mating systems and is consisted of a scale of 12.5 m intervals. No spatial structuring of allele frequencies was found for polymorphic enzyme loci within a natural population of Alnus japonica. The results also in- dicate that positive associations between L. obtusifolium and P densiflora can occur when both select the same habitat or have the same environmental requirements.

고등학교 생물 1 교과서에 제시된 질문의 특성에 관한 연구

허만규,임채성 韓國生物敎育學會 2005 생물교육 Vol.33 No.1

This study is conducted to analyze the questioning styles in a high school biology I textbook in terms of frequency, type, and placement of questions. It is also to analyze and to compare the kinds of scientific processes elicited by the questions in the topics of textbook. The instrument was the Textbook Questioning Strategies Assessment Instrument (TQSAI) developed the Cooperative Teacher Preparation Program. University of California. An average of questionings/sentences (Q/S) was 12.5% across six textbooks, varying from 10.5% for the textbook with the lowest Q/S and 16.4% for the highest textbook. The numbers of empirical and non-empirical questions were 56.1% and 43.9%, respectively. The focus question was the highest in all types of questions. The explanatory question was the highest in all characteristics of questions. The various question types were distributed throughout topics and placements of all textbooks.

고등학교 생물 I 교과서에 제시된 질문의 특성에 관한 연구

허만규,임채성 한국생물교육학회 2005 생물교육 Vol.33 No.1

This study is conducted to analyze the questioning styles in a high school biology I textbook in terms of frequency, type, and placement of questions. It is also to analyze and to compare the kinds of scientific processes elicited by the questions in the topics of textbook. The instrument was the Textbook Questioning Strategies Assessment Instrument (TQSAI) developed the Cooperative Teacher Preparation Program, University of California. An average of questionings/sentences (Q/S) was 12.5% across six textbooks, varying from 10.5% for the textbook with the lowest Q/S and 16.4% for the highest textbook. The numbers of empirical and non-empirical questions were 56.1% and 43.9%, respectively. The focus question was the highest in all types of questions. The explanatory question was the highest in all characteristics of questions. The various question types were distributed throughout topics and placements of all textbooks.

Comparison of Reproduction Systems of Genus Potentilla, Potentilla discolor in Korea and P. conferta in Mongol

허만규,Huh, Man-Kyu Korean Society of Life Science 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.9

한국의 솜양지꽃(Potentilla discolor) 9개 집단과 몽골의 양지꽃속 식물 종 P. conferta 두 집단을 이용하여 두 종의 생식계를 비교하였다. 분포지에서 19개 형태 형질을 조사하여 정량분석에 사용하였다. 형태 형질에서 두 종간 많은 형질에 대해 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 주성분분석에서 마디간 길이와 뿌리의 길이와 개수 등에서 특히 유의한 차이를 나타내어 이들 두 종을 분류하는데 유의한 성분으로 판단된다. P. conferta에서 라메트의 수는 거리의 증가에 따라 현저하게 감소하나 P. discolor는 정규분포 모양의 곡선을 나타내어 $60{\sim}80$ cm에서 가장 많았다. 빛에 대한 감수성은 P. discolor가 P. conferta보다 내성을 가지나 가뭄에 대해서는 P. conferta가 P. discolor보다 더 높은 내성을 나타내었다 . 이는 사막에 근접한 건조한 지역에 적응한 형태로 판단되며 온대 지방인 우리나라에 분포하는 솜양지꽃에 비해 단위면적당 밀도가 높아 이웃간 거리가 짧아 짧은 라메트를 많이 가지며 라메트 수가 많아 영양번식이 더 많이 이루어지고 있음을 나타낸다. I investigated the reproduction system of nine natural populations of P. discolor in Korea and two Mongolian P. conferta populations. The measurements of 19 quantitative or qualitative morphological characters were taken on each of total individuals directly from their natural habitats. Multivariate principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to detect differences among populations consid-ering several characters simultaneously of variances using the statistical analysis system. 19 morpho-logical characteristics between Korean Potentilla species and Mongolian Potentilla species showed a slight heterogeneity of variance. The length of internodes (LFL and LSI) and characteristics of root (LLR and NOR) were shown a significant difference between two species (P<0.05). The number of ra-mets in P. conferta decreased with increasing geographic distance from viviparity. However, P. discolor has most ramets at distance intervals $60{\sim}80$ cm. In light conditions, P. discolor was significantly less resilience than P. conferta. In drought conditions, although there was not shown significant difference, P. conferta was less resilience than P. discolor. The core analysis indicates that P. conferta is the more resistant species than P. discolor and usually propagates by clonal growth during several strong envi-ronmental disadvantages such as drought events.

Electrical properties of MLCCs of Mg/Dy/Si oxides coated BaTiO3 particles prepared by thermal hydrolysis method

허만규,TAKAKI MASAKI,최병기,이진형,강광충,임철탁,윤대호 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.3

To improve the electrical properties of multilayer ceramic capacitors, triple (Mg/Dy/Si) oxides coating on the surfaces of 150-nm BaTiO3 (BT) particles was conducted by using the thermal hydrolysis method. Multi-layer (5 layers) ceramic capacitors(MLCCs) of triple oxides coated BT (TOBT) particles were obtained by using green sheet process and their electricalproperties were measured. The MLCCs of TOBT particles gave a better stable dielectric constant and dissipation factor forthe sintering temperature compared with those of the reference specimen prepared by using mixing process. In addition, astable temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) was obtained. The morphology and homogeneity of TOBT particles weremeasured by using scanning transmission electron microscope-high angle annular dark field (STEM-HAADF) and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).

한국내 고추나물의 하이퍼리신 유전자(HyH)의 탐색과 유럽의 서양고추나물과 비교

허만규,Huh, Man-Kyu 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.8

하이퍼리신(Hypericin, HyH)은 예로부터 성 요한의 풀(St. John's Wort)로 널리 알려져 있는 서양고추나물(Hypericum perforatum)에서 추출되는 약리성분이다. 서양고추나물은 국내에서는 자생하지 않으나 같은 속의 고추나물(H. erectum) 등이 이속에 속하며 우리나라에 자생한다 . 고추나물을 조직배양으로 RNA를 추출하고 cDNA를 합성한 후 Hyp 유전자를 추출하여 서열화한 결과, 전체 크기는 732 bp로 나타났으며 서양고추나물의 HyH-1과 거의 99.8% 서열 일치를 나타내었다. 이 서열의 152개 아미노산 역시 서양고추나물의 항산화효소와 98% 일치하였으며 자작나무와 능금속 식물에서 유발되는 알레르기 유발유전자와 약 60% 일치를 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과 우울증치료제로 사용되는 하이퍼리신 추출에 우리나라 자생종인 고추나물이 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Hypericin (HyH) is a substance which is isolated a medicinal herb, Hypericum perforatum L., commonly known as St. John's Wort. Hypericum erectum is a long-lived herb that is distributed in Korea. Cloned HyH genes H. erectum of were conformed by sequencing. The cDNA Hyp-1 sequence has 732 bp with an open reading frame of 567. Thus coding for a protein of 152 amino acid residues. A BLAST re-search using the deduced nucleotide sequences in HyH gene produced significant alignments with the H. perforatum. Sequences in HyH gene showed significant homology with Rubus idaeus putative allergen Rub-i-1 mRNA, Protein sequence comparisons revealed significant homology between Hyp-1 and the phenolic oxidative coupling protein hyp-1 of H. perforatum (98%). Additionally, Hyp-1 showed sig-nificant homology with various other classes of allergens, including Pru-av-1 (62%) from Prunus avium and allergen Bet-vl-Sc3 from Betula pendula (60%). Thus, the result of this study may offer an important information to establish an assay system for chemicals of the herbal medicines for H. erectum as well as H. perforatum.

Developed EFG법으로 성장시킨 $YVO_{4}$ 및 Nd:$YVO_{4}$ 단결정의 광학적 특성

허만규,서수정,윤대호,M.A. Ivanov,V.V. Kochurikhin 한국결정성장학회 2001 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Developed Edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG)법으로 $YVO_{4}$ 및 Nd:$YVO_{4}$ 단결정을 성장하였으며 성장된 결정의 광학적 특성을 측정하였다. $YVO_{4}$ 및 Nd:$YVO_{4}$ 단결정 모두 투명하였으며, 결정성장 동안 융액 표면 온도의 균질 및 meniscus의 안정화로 고품질의 결정을 얻을 수 있었다. 투과 및 흡수 스펙트럼 측정 결과에서 $YVO_{4}$ 단결정은 340 nm에서 1000 nm까지 대체로 넓은 영역에서 높은 투과율이 나타났지만, Nd:$YVO_{4}$ 단결정은 532, 593, 753, 807, 888 nm의 특정한 영역에서 흡수 peak들이 나타남을 획인할 수 있었다. 또한 Photoluminescence (PL) 스펙트럼을 측정한 결과, 800~900 nm의 영역에서 에너지 방출을 관찰할 수 있었다. $YVO_{4}$ and Nd:$YVO_{4}$ single crystals have been grown developed Edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) method and the crystals were measured on optical properties. $YVO_{4}$ and Nd:$YVO_{4}$ single crystal were transparent, high quality due to homogeneity of surface temperature of the melt and stability of meniscus during crystal growth. In transmittance and absorption spectra, Nd:$YVO_{4}$ single crystals had absorption peaks at wavelengths of 532, 593, 753, 808, 888 though $YVO_{4}$ single crystal had a broad transmittance at wavelength ranging from 340 to 1000nm. Also, Nd:$YVO_{4}$ single crystals had emissions of energy at range of 800~900 nm in photoluminescence (PL) spectrum.

거제시 계룡산의 편백군락에 관한 생태학적 연구

허만규,최주수,문성기,Huh Man Kyu,Choi Joo-Soo,Moon Sung Gi 한국생명과학회 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

본 조사 지역은 도심의 자연공간이 비록 인위적 조성이긴 하나 질적 및 양적으로 식생이 양호하게 잘 관리할 수 있음을 단적으로 보여 주었다. 식물상은 광범위한 조사 지역이 아님에도 불구하고 세 가지 특징이 있다. 첫째는 교과서적인 이차림에 의한 군락이 매우 양호하다는 점이다. 그러나 자연지역에서는 군락 형성이 미미했다. 둘째는 다양도는 자연집단에서는 높게 나타나고 조림지에서는 낮았다. 셋째, 자연 식생과 조림지의 종조성, 종다양도, 산림의 생산력에서 확연히 차이가 드러났다. The characters of Chamaecyparis obtusa community extended around the Mt. Gyeryoung in Geoje-cik were investigated for several ecological parameters and the results can be summarized as fellows. Chamaecyparis obtusa is prevailing in the plantation area, whereas Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica are prevailing in its outskirts. Plant biomass and net production which estimated from degree of green naturality and Miami's model were much higher in the plantation than those of the natural forest. However, the mean species diversity of plantation was lower than that of natural populations. In stratification of investigated areas, overstory tree layer was dominant in the zone of plantation and dominant layers in the natural forest were understory tree layer, shrub, and herb.

중학교 환경 교과서의 질문방략

허만규,허홍욱,오광중 한국환경과학회 1997 한국환경과학회지 Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the questioning styles in middle school environmentology textbook in terms of frequency, type, and placement of questions. It was also to analyse and to compare the kinds of scientific inquiry processes elicited by the questions in the topics of textbooks. The instrument was the Textbook Questing Strategies Assessment Instrument (TQSAI) developed the Cooperative Teacher Preparation Project, University of California. The average number of questions per topic was only 1.09 and the ratio of questions to sentences was 2.5%. Most of questions were in explanatory place(75%). Nearly 90% of experienced questions types were reasoning or application. The frequencies of non-experiential question were higher than those of experiential question. In action, there were much kinds of question-styles.