일부 제조업 사업장의 작업환경 및 보건관리 실태

함정오,황규윤,안규동,이병국,남택승,Ham, Jung-O,Hwang, Kyu-Yoon,Ahn, Kyu-Dong,Lee, Byung-Kook,Nam, Tack-Sung 대한예방의학회 1990 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.23 No.3

To obtain the useful information for the status of working environment and health management of workers in manufacturing industries, comparision of results on the status of working environmental and health management of workers for 32 manufacturing industries in Chunan area from 1988 to 1989 was carried out. The results were as follows : 1. The rate of over-PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) to for hazardous factors decreased significantly 23.5% in 1988, 18.3% in 1989 (p<0.05) and, the highest rate of over-PEL was the stone and sand handling industry, the highest rate of over-PEL was the dusty workplace as 38.5% in 1988, 35.2% in 1989. 2. The rate of workers exposed to hazardous factors in 1988 and in 1989 was 22.4% respectively, the rate of workers checked up special health examination was 40.1% in 1988, 75.3% in 1989. In stone and sand handling and medicochemical industries, none of workers exposed to hazardous factors was subjected to special health examination in 1988, but 75% of workers exposed to hazardous factors had checked up in 1989. 3. The 6 industries appointed as part-time factory physician among 17 industries which were supposed to have factory physician according to the Safety and Healthy Act of Korea, 6 out of 24 industries only appointed industrial hygienist, furthermore 4 out of 6 hygienists had another duty in addition to occupational hygiene itself.

초음파로 진단된 지방간의 유병율 조사 및 그 유발인자에 대한 연구

안재억,함정오,황규윤,김주자,이병국,남택승,김정순,김헌,Ahn, Jae-Eog,Ham, Jung-Oh,Hwang, Kyu-Yoon,Kim, Joo-Ja,Lee, Byung-Kook,Nam, Tack-Sung,Kim, Joung-Soon,Kim, Hun 대한예방의학회 1991 예방의학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Fatty liver is caused by derangement of fat metabolism and can be reversed by removal of contributing factors. The contributing factors of fatty liver is known to be overweight, chronic alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, and drug abuse such as tetracycline. This study was carried out on 1335 persons who visited 'Soon Chun Hyang Human Dock Center' from March to June 1990. In analysis of the data, prevalence of fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonogram by age and sex, laboratory finding between fatty liver group and normal group, and odds ratio of known contributing factors, were compared. The results obtained are as following ; 1) The prevalence rate of fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonogram is 29.6% in male and 11.5% in female. 2) Age groups with high prevalences are $40{\sim}50's$ in male (32.0%) and 50's in female (24.5%). 3) The fatty liver shows significant association with style (p<0.05), whereas not with hepatitis B-virus surface antigen (p>0.05). 4) All laboratory values except alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin are elevated significantly in accordance with the degree of fatty liver (p<0.01). 5) Fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonogram showed so strong associations with body index, triglycerides and gamma-glutamyl transferase for males, and body index and fasting blood sugar for females that these factors may be used as supplementary data in establishing diagnosis of fatty liver. 6) Odds ratio of contributing factors are as follows ; If the odds ratio of below 29 year of age is 1.0 then that of $30{\sim}39$ is 1.74 (p=0.33), $40{\sim}49$ is 2.47 (p=0.10), $50{\sim}59$ is 2.86 (p=0.0570), over 60 is 1.81 (p=0.34). If the odds ratio of female is 1.0 then that of male is 5.67 (p<0.01). If the odds ratio of body index below zero is 1.0 then that of $0{\sim}9$ is 5.08 (p<0.01), $10{\sim}19$ is 12.37 (p<0.01), $20{\sim}29$ is 29.19 (p<0.01), 30 above is 154.02 (p<0.01). If the odds ratio of below 99 mg/dl FBS is 1.0 then that of $100{\sim}120$ is 106 (p=0.76), over 120 is 1.91 (p=0.02). If the odds ratio of below $29{\mu}/1{\gamma}-GT$ is 1.0 then that of $30{\sim}s59$ is 2.11 (p<0.01), $60{\sim}90$ is 1.87 (p<0.05), 90 above is 1.69 (p=0.15). If the odds ratio of below 149 mg/dl TG is 1.0 then $150{\sim}199$ is 1.49 (p=0.05), $200{\sim}250$ is 1.09 (P=0.77), 250 above is 2.53 (p<0.01). In summary, early diagnosis of fatty liver could be made by ultrasonogram supplemented with body index and nm triglyceride. The fatty liver could be preventive by avoiding contributing factors such as obesity, alcohol intake, high blood sugar appropriately.

연 축전지 사업장의 질환 요주의자 및 유소견자의 사후관리 실태 연구

리갑수,황보영,김용배,김화성,함정오,이성수,안규동,이병국,허정,Lee, Gap-Soo,HwangBo, Young,Kim, Yong-Bae,Kim, Hwa-Sung,Ham, Jung-Oh,Lee, Sung-Soo,Ahn, Kyu-Dong,Lee, Byung-Kook,Hur, Jung 대한예방의학회 1996 예방의학회지 Vol.29 No.4

연 업종별 보건관리 대행기관에 의해 근로자의 보건 관리를 하고 있는 5개 연 축전지 회사의 전체 근로자들 중 1995년에 일반 건강진단 및 특수 건강진단을 동시에 시행한 전체 1,919명의 근로자 중에서 C(건강관리 상 계속 관찰이 필요한자)와 D(유소견자)의 판정을 받은 365명의 근로자들을 대상으로 하여 이들 중 퇴직자 35명, 조사 기간중 출장, 휴직 및 야간 근무자 8명, 그리고 조사에 응하지 않은 근로자 29명 등 총 72명을 제외한 293명을 대상으로 설문 및 1995년도 일반 및 특수 건강진단 결과표를 통하여 건강진단 결과에 따른 사후관리 조치실태 및 관련 요인들을 조사하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 요주의자 이상근로자의 86%가 건강진단결과표를 받았으나 이에 대한 교육설명이 제대로 이루어지지 않았고, 자신의 건강진단 결과를 잘 알고 있지 못하였다. 2. 사후관리 조치가 있었던 근로자는 23%로 낮았으며, 사후관리조치의 내용은 단순한 추적관찰이 가장 많았다. 3. 조사대상 근로자들은 현재의 건강진단은 필요하지만 형식적이라고 하였다. 4.사후관리 조치의 유무를 피설명변수로 한 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 유의한 설명 변수는 건강진단 결과에 대한 설명의 유무뿐이었다. To evaluate the follow-up management state and related factor of lead battery workers in periodic health examination as part of program of group occupational health service, author studied 293 workers with questionnaire on knowledge of results and follow-up management state and related factors, and compared the responses to their periodic health examination result charts. The results were as follows: 1. 252(86%) workers responsed that they had received the health examination result chart, but only 116(39.6%) workers responsed that they had been educated or explained about the results of health examination, and 11(57.9%) workers among 19 workers with non-occupational disease D, 101(44.3%) workers among 228 workers with non-occupational disease C, and 19(28.4%) workers among 67 workers with occupational disease C knew accurately their health examination results. 2. 78(24.8%) of the workers responsed that they had follow-up management, and contents of follow-up management were follow-up(36.6%), out-patient treatment (31%), change worksite(8.5%), temporary retirement(7.0%) and others(16.9%). 3. Most of the workers responsed that the health examination were necessary, but three-fourths of the workers responsed that the health examination had been superficial or that they didn't know. 4. In this study, follow-up management show significant association with only explanation or education about health examination result chart.

일부 제련 및 리사지 사업장에서 공기중 납 노출농도의 변화

최재욱 ( Jae Wook Choi ),김남수 ( Nam Soo Kim ),조광성 ( Kwang Sung Cho ),함정오 ( Jung O Ham ),이병국 ( Byung Kook Lee ) 한국산업위생학회 2010 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.20 No.1

일부 석면광산 인근주민의 사회심리적 스트레스에 관한 연구

신영식(Young-Sik Shin),이용진(Yong-Jin Lee),함정오(Jung-Oh Ham),장은철(Eun-Chul Jang),박찬호(Chan-Ho Park),강민성(Min-Sung Kang),박승권(Seung-Kwon Park) 대한직업환경의학회 2012 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.24 No.4

제 4기 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용한 근로자들의 근로형태,작업환경 및 유해요인 노출과 건강검진결과의 관련성

김성훈 ( Sung Hun Kim ),김남수 ( Nam Soo Kim ),이창곡 ( Chang Gok Lee ),함정오 ( Jung Oh Ham ),이병국 ( Byung Kook Lee ) 한국산업위생학회 2013 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the current status of the association of job-related information such as employment status, workplace environment, and hazard material exposures with health examination outcomes. Methods: The study used data from KNHANES 2007-2009 representing the three years of 2007-2009, which was conducted annually using a rolling sampling design that involved a complex, stratified, multistage, probability-cluster survey of a representative sample of the non-institutionalized civilian population in Korea. The final analytical sample consisted of 17,240 participants. Information on age, education, smoking history and alcohol intake was collected during the health interview. Job related information consisted of employment status, workplace environment, and hazardous material exposure. The selected indices of health examination were blood pressure, fasting glucose, blood cholesterol, HDL, SGOT, SGPT, and BUN. Results: In multiple logistic regression analysis using hypertension and pre-hypertension as dependent variables and job related categories as independent variables after covariate adjustments, the odds of hypertension and pre-hypertension were significantly lower in those with responsibility and power in their job activities. Interestingly, low odds for hypertension were observed among those who reported that their jobs were fast-paced. Conclusions: This study confirmed that some job-related categories in employment status, workplace environment, and hazardous material exposure had an association with health outcome status. It is worthwhile to comment that high responsibility and power in job activities were revealed as one of the important favorable factors to improve health condition of workers.

축전지 사업장에서 공기 중 납 농도의 변화에 관한 연구

최승현 ( Seung Hyun Choi ),김남수 ( Nam Soo Kim ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),조광성 ( Kwang Sung Cho ),함정오 ( Jung O Ham ),안규동 ( Kyu Dong Ahn ),이병국 ( Byung Kook Lee ) 한국산업위생학회 2007 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.17 No.4

To provide necessary information for future environmental monitoring of storage batteries in Korea, authors analyzed environmental monitoring dataset of air lead concentration of 12 storage battery industries measured during 1989-2006. We calculated geometric mean and standard deviation with minimum and maximum value of each year dataset. Air lead concentration data were analyzed according to year of measurement, type of grid manufacturing method (grid casting type or expander type), size of industries and type of operation (casting, lead powder & pasting, assembly and others). The geometric mean and standard deviation of all lead industries for overall 18 years were 72㎍/㎥and 3.65 with minimum of 6㎍/㎥and maximum of 7,956㎍/㎥. The geometric mean air lead concentrations of years between 1989-1999 were above the Korean PEL(50㎍/㎥), whereas those of years after year 2000 were below the Korean PEL showing 50% of it. The geometric mean concentration of air lead was significantly lower in expander method battery industries than that of grid method battery industries and was lower in large sized battery industries than small & medium sized ones throughout the whole 18 years period. The distributions of over PEL(50㎍/㎥) were decreased by the years of environmental monitoring and those were lower in expander method battery industries than grid method battery industries. The significant reduction of mean air lead concentration during last 10 years may be induced partly due to more active environmental engineering control and new introduction of new operation in grid method battery industries, but may be also influenced by non-engineering method such as reduction of operation hours or reduction of exposure time during actual environmental measurement by industrial hygienist which is not concrete evidence, but just circumstantial evidence.

FPXRF를 이용한 어린이 놀이시설의 페인트 표면 납 농도 평가

김남수 ( Nam Soo Kim ),최승현 ( Seung Hyun Choi ),조광성 ( Kwang Sung Cho ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),함정오 ( Jung O Ham ),안규동 ( Kyu Dong Ahn ),이병국 ( Byung Kook Lee ) 한국산업위생학회 2008 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.18 No.2

In order to evaluate the possible environmental lead hazard in children`s playground and to test the practicability of field portable x-ray fluorescence(FPXRF) for environmental lead measurement, authors investigated lead concentration of leadbased paint on the surface of children`s playing equipments in the playground of 13 apartments using FPXRF at the site in city A, Choongnam province. 93 spots were determined surface lead concentrations 3 times each using a FPXRF. Out of 93 spots, 83 spots (92%) were revealed to have lead in paint and mean concentration was 1.12±1.76㎎/㎠. The mean concentration of lead on the surface of playing equipments at the apartments near the main street was 1.20㎎/㎠ and higher than those at the apartments far away from the main street(0.81㎎/㎠)(p<0.05). The mean concentration of lead on the surface of playing equipments painted with yellow color was 3.23㎎/㎠and the highest among all colors, whereas equipment painted white color was non-detectable. PVC and etc materials for construction of playing equipment showed higher surface lead concentration than other materials. The result suggests that it is necessary to be taken caution of the lead exposure in the playground of apartment and it should be taken any kind of confirmative action to prevent unwanted lead exposure from surface lead source of playing equipment. Authors found that FPXRF was very reliable and useful for field measurement to detect lead on the painted surface.

전자관련산업 종사근로자들의 유기용제 노출수준

함정오 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 2001 순천향산업의학 Vol.7 No.1

Under health care circumstances, an accurate evaluation of exposure levels of various organic solvents is a very important task. Such an evaluation is important for workers who are exposed to such solvents for long periods in their working places. This study was conducted in order to obtain the basic data for exposure of electronic industry workers. The results of exposure levels to organic solvents are as follows: 1. The primary organic solvents workers in the electronic industry fields were subjected to were Toluene, IPA, n-Hexane, Methanol, Cyclohexane, TCE, MEK, and Methylene chloride. 2. The total rate of organic solvents in excess of exposure limits in this industry was 4.0%. The solvents in excess of exposure limits were TCE, Methylene chloride, n-Hexane, and the rates above the accepted limits of exposure were 11.4%, 45.4%, and 2.2% respectively. 3. The organic solvents in excess of exposure limits in the middle and small sized electronic industry were TCE and MC, and the rates above exposure limits were 14.2% and 50.0% respectively. 4. The organic solvents in excess of exposure limits in the overall electronic industry were TCE and MC in the cleaning process and were MC and n-Hexane in the inspection process. The rates above exposure limits were 12.0%, 31.2%, 88.3%, and 20.0% respectively.

작업환경측정이 작업환경개선에 미치는 효과

함정오,안규동,황규윤,이병국,이성수,정두신 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1992 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.31 No.3

To investigate the effect of environmental measurement on the improvement of working condition in small and medium sized industries and to evaluate the usefulness of this measurement which is covered by Occupational Safety and Health Act for the protection of workers from hazardous working condition, authors selected 107 small and medium sized manufacturing industries mainly from Chunan area and partly from lead using industries which were in special contract of agent specific occupational health service with Institute of Industrial Medicine, Soonchunhyang University. Environmental measurements were provided twice in interval of 6 months to study industries. At the end of second measurement questionnaires were collected to check the usefulness of this measurement for the workers and industries itself. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Out of 107 manufacturing industries, the most frequently measured index of harmful agent in environmental measurement was noise, and the next indices were dust, organic solvents and special chemicals in descending order. While the excess rates of measurement over Permissible Exposure Level(PEL) in the first measurement were 19.3% in noise, 22.8% in dust, 14.3% I organic solvents and 20.3% in special chemicals measurement, those in second measurement were 26.0% in noise, 14.7% in dust, 10.0% in organic solvents and 29.5% in special chemicals measurement, respectively. 2. The supply rate of protective equipment and the labeling condition of health and safety poster in the later period of study were improved than early period. 3. Most persons in charge of health and safety management(97.2%) had engaged in other administrative works and only 2.8% of study industries had independent occupational safety and health personnels who engaged only in health and safety of workers. 4. The purpose of environmental measurement answered by the eligible of persons each industries was to report at the regional office of labor affair. Only 7 out of 107 industries answered that their measurements were for the real improvement of working condition and 3 industries for the fulfilment of requirement of trade union. 5. While 86.0% in industries (92/107) felt the report of environmental measurement was helpful to set up protective equipment program to prevent workers from harmful condition, 66.4% in industries answered that it was useful for the establishment of health education program. The measurement of environmental conditions were also useful for the installation of ventilatory system of workplace, for the isolation of work process and for the improvement of work process. But 8.4% in industries answered that it was not useful at all.