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천기철 부산경남사학회 2003 역사와 경계 Vol.47 No.-
Jikbangoegi(職方外紀), an encyclopedic writing including geography, cosmology, manners and so on, of the world, was written by a Jesuit father, Julio Aleni(艾儒略, 1582-1649). The climate and people's conditions of nations which were not within the jurisdiction of Chinese Jikbangsa(職方司) are recorded in this book. It provided a detailed information on the outside world beyond China to Choseon. It had a great influence on intellectuals which took an interest in scientific knowledge at that time and helped to change their world view. It was important in studies of scientific history for it had a great effect on astronomy and geography. Nevertheless, Jikbangoegi have not been much studied by Koreanl scholars. Because it was written in a very difficult Chinese writing, it is hard to understand this book for students. I have translated it for two years and a half. This paper is to finish my translation. I examined the tendency of study in Jikbangoegi, Aleni's growth circumstances, his intention to write it, its contents and its effect on the Confucian scholars in Choseon. In Chapter 2, I tried to understand Aleni's hardship by investigating his journey from Europe to China. I also pursued the process of writing of Jikbangoegi. In Chapter 3, I analyzed its contents and intentions. In Chapter 4, I considered intellectuals' responses in Choseon to Jikbangoe culture(職方外 文化). My conclusion is that Jikgnaoegi had a great effect on the change of intellectual's world view in the later Choseon period.
천기철,박영덕,장규섭 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1995 농업과학연구 Vol.22 No.1
The model foods were prepared by simulating mositure, protein and starch, and they were heated for 30 mins, at 80℃ and then cooled at 25℃ in water bath. Their rheological properties were investigated by the use of Brookfield wide-gap rotational viscometer at 30~60℃, and the rotation speed ranged from 0.6 to 6 rpm and solid content ranged from 8% to 11%, the results obtained were as follows. 1. All the model foods (P_1S_3, P_2S_2, P_1S_1, P_2S_1, P_3S_1, P_4S_0) exhibited pseudoplastic behaviors with yeild stress and were thixotropic foods which showed time - dependent structural decays, but the starch food of 8~11 % solid content did not show the flow behavior. 2. The correlation between the rheological parameters and the protein content of model foods in various moisture content did not appeared a constant relationship. 3. The change of shear stress against shear rate in high starch foods was larger than that in high protein foods and the structure at initial shear time was decayed with a quatic equation according to the Tiu's Model and structural decay was in parallel with the increase of shear rate. 4. The temperature dependency of the apparent viscosity of P_1S_2, and P_2S_1 was fully expressed by Arrhenius equation and activation energies of their food were 2.35 and 1.34 Kcal/g·mol, respectively.
천기철(Chun Gi-chul) 동양한문학회(구 부산한문학회) 2004 동양한문학연구 Vol.20 No.-
詩序는 시의 작자, 유래, 의도 등에 대해 해석을 붙인 序說이다. 이는 ??시경?? 해석의 길잡이 역할을 해왔다. 그만큼 시서는 ??시경?? 해석에 중요한 비중을 차지하고 있다. 그러나 시경학자들은 그것의 신뢰문제를 두고 뜨거운 논쟁을 벌였다. 송대 이전의 학자들은 대부분 시서를 子夏가 지었다고 생각했다. 만약 자하가 시서를 지었다면 시서의 ??시경?? 해석은 절대 적인 권위를 지닐 수 있다. 왜냐하면 자하는 공자의 제자로서 ??시경??의 刪削 過程을 직접 보았다고 추정할 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서 종래의 ??시 경?? 해석으로부터 해방되어 보다 자유롭게 ??시경??을 해석하기 위해서는 시서의 ??시경?? 해석에 이의를 제기하지 않으면 안되었다. ??시경??에 대한 자유로운 해석은 시서의 작자문제로부터 가닥을 잡아야 했던 것이다. 송대에 이르러 주희는 ??시경?에 대해 나름대로의 해석체계를 갖추려고 했다. 그는 이 일을 해내기 위해서 시서의 작자문제를 거론했다. 본고는 주희가 시서의 작자문제에 대해 어떤 이의를 제기하며, 그로부터 어떠한 결론에 이르는가를 우선 살펴보았다. 다음으로 주희가 시서를 어떻게 이해했는가를 정리했다. 마지막으로 그의 ??시경?? 이해는 어떤 한계를 지니게 되었는가를 밝히는 것으로 결론을 삼았다. 본고는 크게 네 부분으로 구성되었다. 머리말에 이어서 Ⅱ장에서 시서의 작자 문제에 대해 오랫동안 복잡한 논란이 일어나게 된 실제적인 이유를 살펴보았다. 여기서는 시서의 작자문제가 제기되는 과정과 그 결과를 정리하였다. Ⅲ장에서는 주희가 ?시서?를 이해하게 된 과정과 그가 내린 결론들을 구체적인 자료를 통해 검토하였다. 특히 그의 시서론의 전개가 그 앞 시대의 연구업적들과 어떤 연관을 맺으며, 그가 ?시서?를 어떻게 이해했는가에 초점을 맞추었다. Ⅳ장에서는 ?시서?에 대한 검토와 정리를 마친 그가 실제로 ??시경??을 어떻게 이해했으며, 그 이해에는 어떤 특징 과 한계가 있는가를 ??詩序辨說??의 내용을 통해 밝혀보았다. 결론에서는 앞서 밝혀진 사실들을 정리하였다. Siseo(詩序) is an introduction to poems with attached interpretations of authors, their intentions, the derivation of poems and the like. Accordingly, it carries much weight in the interpretation of She King(詩經; the Book of Poetry). However, scholars of She King had heated debates about its reliability. Most of the scholars of the pre-Song dynasty period thought the author of Siseo was Jaha(子夏). If Jaha wrote it, the interpretation of She King could be absolutely authoritative, because it can be presumed that as a disciple of Confucius, Jaha himself saw the editing process of She King. Therefore, in order to be liberated from the conventional interpretation of She King and to interpret it more freely, scholars had to raise objections to Siseo"s interpretation of She King. They had to deal with the problem of the author of Siseo first for free interpretation of She King. Joohee planned to make a systematic interpretation of She King during the Song(宋) dynasty. He discussed the problem of the author of Siseo in order to carry it out. In the first place, this thesis examined what objections Joohee had raised regarding the problem of the author of Siseo and what conclusions he had drawn from them. Next, it arranged how Joohee had understood Siseo. Lastly, it was concluded by finding out what limitations his understanding of She King had come to have. This thesis is largely composed of four parts. Chapter Ⅱ, following the preface, examines the actual reasons for the occurrence of a long complicated controversy over the author of Siseo. It deals with how the problem of the author of Siseo was raised and what the result was. Chapter Ⅲ examines how Joohee came to understand Siseo and what conclusions he reached about it through concrete data. In particular, it focuses on how his theory about Siseo was related with his study achievements and how he understood Siseo. Chapter Ⅳ finds out how Joohee actually understood She King after reviewing and arranging Siseo and what features and limitations his understanding had by examining the contents of Siseo-byeonseol(詩序辨說). The facts found out above are arranged in the conclusion.