지하수 상수원 활용의 타당성 고찰을 위한 상수도 취수원의 특성 비교 연구

차은지,현윤정,Cha, Eun-Jee,Hyun, Yunjung 한국지하수토양환경학회 2017 지하수토양환경 Vol.22 No.4

As water sources become more vulnerable to the effects of climate change such as drought and contamination, the diversification of water sources is important for securing water supply. This study examines the properties of five water sources for public supply, including river and river-bed water, dams, reservoirs, and groundwater, while ensuring that the quantities available from such sources are stable and the water itself is safe for use. This study also analyzes the power, chemical, repair and maintenance, and labor costs associated with each water source. The results demonstrate that groundwater has high potential as a water source because it is readily available (about $12.89billion\;m^3/yr$), but only a small portion of it is currently used. Analyses indicated that groundwater is the most efficient source of water to meet water demand below $1,000,000m^3/yr$, which covers 62.5% of water supply facilicities. With the implementation of groundwater dams, groundwater can become cost-efficient even for larger water demand. Additionally, the water source protection areas are the smallest for groundwater among the five water sources. In conclusion, the use of groundwater as an alternative water source is feasible becasue it is readily available, safe, cost-efficient, and requires the lowest amount of environmental regulations for the diversification of water supply sources.

CBD Post-2020 글로벌 생물다양성 프레임워크에 따른 국가생물다양성전략 및 관리지표의 개선방향 - 실천목표 및 관리지표 분석을 중심으로

차은지(Cha, Eun-Jee),구경아(Koo, Kyung-Ah),김다빈(Kim, Da-Bin) 강원대학교 비교법학연구소 2021 환경법과 정책 Vol.27 No.-

지난 생물다양성협약(Convention on Biological Diversity, 이하 CBD)의 2011-2020 생물다양성 전략계획은 전략과 목표의 정량적 구체성이 결여되어 전 지구적 차원의 이행성과가 미흡한 것으로 평가되었다. 이에 CBD는 오는 제15차 당사국총회의 채택을 목표로 새로운 전략계획인 “Post-2020 글로벌 생물다양성 프레임워크(Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, 이하 Post-2020 GBF)”를 수립하고 있다. Post-2020 GBF는 향후 당사국들의 국가생물다양성전략(National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans, 이하 NBSAPs)을 포함한 생물다양성 정책수립에 큰 방향을 제시할 것이며, NBSAP 이행을 점검하는 주요 수단인 국가보고서(National Report, 이하 NR) 작성과 보고 체계를 강화하여 Post-2020 GBF의 이행력을 강화할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 1) CBD Post-2020 GBF 협상 초안(first draft, 2021.7.5.)의 주요 변화를 상세히 살펴보고, 2) 기존 국가생물다양성전략과 이행체계의 한계점을 분석하였으며, 3) Post-2020 GBF 체계에 대한 국내 대응 방향을 도출하였다. 국가생물다양성전략 체계의 한계를 분석한 결과 첫째, CBD의 Post-2020 GBF의 이행 시점 및 체계와의 정합성, 국내 환경 관련 계획들의 목표 및 지표와의 일관성, 전략의 목표와 지표 간의 정합성이 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 과학적인 자료와 연구 결과에 근거한 계량적인 전략의 목표가 설정되지 않았으며, 목표별 관리지표는 대부분 계량적이지 않으며, 압력-상태-대응 형태의 지표가 균형적으로 개발 및 적용되지 못하였다. 셋째, 이러한 관리지표체계의 한계에 따라 전략의 지표 기반 이행평가 수행이 미흡하였다. 마지막으로, 전략의 효율적인 이행을 위한 지속적인 지표 발굴과 고도화를 위한 법적 근거와 제도적 기반이 미흡한 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로, 첫째, 국가전략의 목표별 목표치와 관리지표를 설정하는 데에 있어 구성요소 및 구조, 목표별 목표치와 관리지표 등이 유기적으로 연결되어야 하며, 전략 목표의 목표치는 과학적인 지식에 근거하며 기한 내에 달성이 가능한 계량적인 목표가 설정되어야 하고, 압력-상태-대응 형태의 계량적인 지표가 균형적으로 설계되어야 한다. 둘째, 관리지표는 평가의 객관성과 연속성을 고려하여 장기적 관점에서 설계되어야 한다. 셋째, 국가 차원에서 지표를 기반으로 한 이행평가 체계의 개념이 정립되어야 한다. 넷째, 모니터링 자료와 이를 기반으로 한 새로운 과학적 발견 등이 지속적으로 적용될 수 있어야 한다. 마지막으로, 이를 위해 지속적인 지표 발굴과 분석을 위한 지표관리 체계의 구축과 운영방안 마련이 필요하다. The 2011-2020 Biodiversity Strategic Plan of the last Convention on Biological Diversity is evaluated to have insufficient performance at the global level due to the lack of quantitative specificity of strategies and goals. Accordingly, the Convention on Biological Diversity is establishing a new strategic plan “Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework(GBF)” with the goals and targets, which will be adopted at the 15th Convention on Parites(COP). This will provide a great direction for the establishment of various biodiversity policies, including the National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans to be established in the future by the Parties, and for preparing the National Report(NR) for implementation check and reporting. NBSAPs and NR will be major means for strengthening the implementation capacity of the new strategy. In this study, we examined 1) the major changes in the CBD Post-2020 GBF negotiations on the first draft (first draft, 2021.7.5.) in detail, 2) analyzed the limitations of the existing national biodiversity strategy and implementation system, and 3) suggested the need to respond to the Post-2020 GBF system. The analyses show the following limitations of our national biodiversity strategy system. First, we found non-consistencies 1) between our NBSAP and the CBDs Post-2020 GBF in the implementation timing and system, 2) between the NBSAP and other environmental plans in their goals and indicators, and 3) among the goals and indicators of the strategy. Second, the goal of strategies were not set through scientific evidences, and indicator for each goal was not properly developed based on the pressure-state-response(PSR) model. Third, the indicator system with less scientific and quantitative characteristics limit the implementation and effectiveness assessment of the strategy. Finally, the lack of legal and institutional systems for the mangement of indicators insecure continuous implementation assessment and advancement of indicators. In conclusion, first, in setting target values and management indicators for each goal of the national strategy, components and structures, PSR types, target values and indicator evaluation units should be well organized and designed in a balanced way. Second, it should be designed in a long-term perspective considering their objectives and continuity. Third, the concept of the implementation assessment system should be established based on the national indicator system, and fourth, the updated methodology should be contiguously applied for the national indicator system. To this end, it is urgent to establish and operate an indicator management system for continuous developments and advances of indicators.

투석 전 만성신장질환자의 신장 지식, 자기효능감, 신장 기능의 관계

차은지(Cha, Eunji),박효정(Park, Hyojung) 한국성인간호학회 2015 성인간호학회지 Vol.27 No.5

고영산천지역의 지하수위 변동특성과 현장침수조사의 비교분석

차은지 ( Eun Jee Cha ),김규범 ( Gyoo Bum Kim ),정해근 ( Hae Geun Jeong ),이승현 ( Seong Hyun Lee ),류정아 ( Jeong A Ryu ) 대한지질공학회 2014 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

낙동강 중하류 지역 하천 수위 관리에 따른 지하수 변동 특성

차은지(Eun-Jee Cha),김규범(Gyoo-Bum Kim),김덕근(Deok-Geun Kim),이승현(Seung-Hyun Lee) 대한지질학회 2014 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.10

여성 골다공증 환자의 운동 중재 프로그램 효과 국외 연구 분석

차은지(Cha, Eunji) 대한여성건강학회 2012 여성건강 Vol.13 No.1

오감형 가상현실 콘텐츠 사례연구

차은지 ( Cha Eun-ji ),한정엽 ( Han Jeong-yeob ) 한국공간디자인학회 2016 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.11 No.5

(Background and Purpose)Virtual reality(VR) technology has become widespread and diversified to an extent that it is accessible by ordinary people, unlike in the past when its application found only some applications, amid recent advancement of technology and equipment. Such technological advancement has enabled users to be engaged in undisrupted interaction within virtual space without recognizing any difference between real space and virtual space while five senses are being stimulated. VR technology still remains at incipient stage, and contents that stimulate five senses have yet to be disseminated widely to the public despite the emergence of many contents experienced with visual and auditory senses. The purpose of this study was to present a direction for widespread dissemination of VR contents stimulating five senses of human based on investigation into VR contents related to such five senses. (Method)In virtual reality, immersiveness increased more significantly when sensory organs of users were involved in interaction within virtual space. Three elements, namely conversation-type interaction, presence, and autonomy, were crucial for users to have realistic experience in virtual reality. Those elements could be working when five senses of human were stimulated. Such reaction led users to retrieve information from their past through interaction occurring in virtual reality. Images, recollected in that way, were important in analyzing contents. The study analyzed concerned cases involving the contents associated with five senses among VR contents(HMD-based) developed in Korea or abroad and examined inter-connectivity between VR contents and five senses and furthermore looked into the importance of the five senses. (Results)This study investigated the types of contents related to five senses of human among VR contents developed nationwide and abroad and presented the direction of VR contents experienced with five senses as stated below. The results of analysis on content types showed that VR contents were experienced mostly with visual, auditory, and tactile senses. Particularly, all contents involved stimulation of visual sense. For auditory sense, most contents featured amorphous or shapeless images as found in a survey that focused on contents experienced with auditory sense. In addition, there was a preponderance of monotone colors that helped increase focus on the sound among contents stimulating auditory sense. Meanwhile, contents stimulating tactile sense allowed users to feel depth, space, etc. increasing realistic feeling. (Conclusions)The motion sickness in VR users, the fundamental weakness of HMD, has yet to be resolved despite emergence of 8K high image quality displays, and furthermore, heavy equipment with a weight of 300-500g hinders prolonged use. The boundaries of five senses need to create realistic feeling more than they do in real world to ensure that users feel as if they were in real world. New five-sense type contents are expected to emerge, moving beyond existing paradigm, as ever-growing VR market is further expanding and virtual augmented reality technology converges with VR technology.

연구논문 : 부산시 장산습지 토양의 물리적 및 화학적 특성

차은지 ( Eun Jee Cha ),함세영 ( Se Yeong Hamm ),김현지 ( Hyun Ji Kim ),이정환 ( Jeong Hwan Lee ),옥순일 ( Soon Il Ok ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.11

This study examined the physical and chemical properties of soil in Jang-San wetland in Busan Metropolitan City. The wetland covers wide and flat area comparing to its outside. The samples of the wetland soil were collected and analyzed in order to identify the profiles and chemical properties. According to the analyses of soil moisture and particle size distribution, the wetland soil mostly belongs to sandy loam with the soil moistures of 14.9-153.2%. The soil profiles are configured with O, A, B, and C horizons from the land surface. The organic matter content (2.38-16.7%) at most sampling locations decreases downwardly with the highest at 0-20 cm depth. The organic matter content has a good positive relationship with soil moisture content. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, the wetland soils contain quartz and feldspar (the main components of rhyolite porphyry) as well as montmorillonite, gibbsite, and kaolinite (the weathered products of feldspar). The wetland soil displays the highest iron concentration (average 22,052 mg/kg), indicating oxidation of iron. High concentrations of potassium (average 17,822 mg/kg) and sodium (average 5,394 mg/kg) originate from the weathering of feldspar. Among anions, sulfate concentration is highest with average 9.21 mg/kg that may originate from sulfate minerals and atmosphere.

Changes in shallow groundwater levels and hydrochemistry according to depositional environment, river water level and groundwater pumping in the riversides

차은지(Eun-Jee Cha),이승현(Seung-Hyun Lee),김규범(Gyoo-Bum Kim) 대한지질학회 2015 지질학회지 Vol.51 No.1

기계적 합금화 공정에 의한 Hf계 비정질 분말의 미세변형거동 관찰

김송이,이아영,차은지,권도훈,홍성욱,이민우,김휘준,이민하,Kim, Song-Yi,Lee, A-Young,Cha, Eun-Ji,Kwon, Do-Hun,Hong, Sung-Uk,Lee, Min-Woo,Kim, Hwi-Jun,Lee, Min-Ha 한국분말야금학회 2018 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.25 No.3

In this study, we investigate the deformation behavior of $Hf_{44.5}Cu_{27}Ni_{13.5}Nb_5Al_{10}$ metallic glass powder under repeated compressive strain during mechanical milling. High-density (11.0 g/cc) Hf-based metallic glass powders are prepared using a gas atomization process. The relationship between the mechanical alloying time and microstructural change under phase transformation is evaluated for crystallization of the amorphous phase. Planetary mechanical milling is performed for 0, 40, or 90 h at 100 rpm. The amorphous structure of the Hf-based metallic glass powders during mechanical milling is analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructural analysis of the Hf-based metallic glass powder deformed using mechanical milling reveals a layered structure with vein patterns at the fracture surface, which is observed in the fracture of bulk metallic glasses. We also study the crystallization behavior and the phase and microstructure transformations under isothermal heat treatment of the Hf-based metallic glass.