55-84세 성인에서 현존영구치수와 다량영양소 및 다량무기질 섭취량의 관련성: 국민건강영양조사 제5기(2010-2012년) 자료 이용

전은주 ( Eun Joo Jun ),조현희 ( Hyun Hee Cho ),김세연 ( Se Yeon Kim ),김한나 ( Han Na Kim ),김진범 ( Jin Bom Kim ) 대한구강보건학회 2016 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between energy sources, fiber and mineral intake, and the number of existing permanent teeth in adults aged 55-84 years from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) (2010-2012). Methods: The subjects included 6,763 people who received oral examinations and answered questions on household income, smoking status and diet. We estimated the number of existing permanent teeth and food intake according to age group, sex, household income, and smoking status. A complex samples general linear model was applied to analyze the effect of nutrient intake on the number of existing permanent teeth adjusted for sex, household income, smoking status, and food intake. We calculated the mean intake of nutrients related to the number of existing permanent teeth in each tooth group. Results: The reduction in the number of existing permanent teeth correlated with an increased carbohydrate intake and a decreased potassium intake. The carbohydrate intake was lower in subjects with 25 or more teeth than that in subjects with 9 or less teeth. Potassium intake was higher in subjects with 20 or more teeth. Conclusions: The number of existing permanent teeth showed a negative correlation with carbohydrate intake and a positive correlation with potassium intake. We should reduce carbohydrate intake and increased potassium intake from fruits and vegetables to prevent systemic disease caused by tooth loss.

국어과 교육과정과 『생활국어』 교과서의 관계성에 관한 비판적 고찰: 7,8,9학년의 듣기,말하기 영역을 중심으로

박형준 ( Hyung Jun Park ),전은주 ( Eun Joo Jeon ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2008 중등교육연구 Vol.56 No.3

이 논문의 목적은 개정된 국어과 교육과정에 적합한『국어』교과서 개발 담론을 생성하기 위해서『생활국어』교과서의 듣기·말하기 영역을 중심으로 제7차 국어과 교육과정과『생활국어』교과서의 내용 관계성 여부를 비판적으로 고찰하는 데 있다. 『생활국어』교과서는 여러 가지 장점에도 불구하고, 제7차 국어과 교육과정의 내용을 적절하게 반영하지 못했다는 한계를 지니고 있다. 이에 이 논문에서는 제7차 국어과 교육과정의 7, 8, 9학년 듣기·말하기 영역을 중심으로 『생활국어』교과서와의 관련 양상을 비판적으로 분석하였다. 관계성 분석을 위한 기준은 목표 및 내용 반영의 적절성 여부와 교수·학습 방법 및 평가 내용의 반영성 여부이다. 이 기준을 바탕으로 제7차 국어과 교육과정의 듣기·말하기 영역과 『생활국어』 교과서 듣기·말하기 단원의 관련 양상을 고찰한 결과, (1) 교육과정 내용이 교과서의 단원 목표 및 내용으로 반영되는 정도는 매우 높았으나, 표면적인 반영 외에 교육과정 내용과 단원 목표 및 내용 사이의 연계는 적절하게 이루어지지 못했다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었으며, (2) 교육과정의 교수·학습 방법 및 평가 내용이 교과서에 실제성 있게 반영되지 못했다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. This study analyzed the connection between listening-speaking of Korean language curriculum for the 7th, 8th and 9th grades and the ``Korean Language in Practice`` Textbook in terms of ``proper reflection of the purpose and contents`` and ``reflection of the teaching-learning methods and assessment contents``. As a result, the contents of Korean language curriculum in each grade was highly reflected by the unit objectives and contents in the ``Korean Language in Practice`` Textbook. However, the reflection score, on the surface, or reflectivity of the curriculum contents does not guarantee a proper connection between the contents of Korean language curriculum and unit objectives and/or contents. Besides, the tutorial handbook for ``Korean Language in Practice`` does not provide practical illustrations and materials for teaching-learning contents, although the tutorial should reflect them as suggested in the Korean language curriculum. Solution to these problems will be as follows; (1) a new textbook for the Revised Korean Language Curriculum should not simply reflect the curriculum itself but consider the suitability of the curriculum contents, objectives/contents of a unit, and finally contents of an integrated unit. (2) Listening-speaking, among various fields of Korean language education, in particular, emphasizes the context and authenticity of a discourse. Therefore, proper illustrations and explanations should be provided for teaching-learning methods, assessment plan, and contents of assessment education.

성인의 부정구강진료 경험 관련 요인: 국민건강영양조사제4기(2007-2009년) 자료를 중심으로

김지은 ( Ji Eun Kim ),정지인 ( Ji In Jung ),김한나 ( Han Na Kim ),김세연 ( Se Yeon Kim ),전은주 ( Eun Joo Jun ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),정승화 ( Seung Hwa Joeng ),김진범 ( Jin Bom Kim ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2014 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the factors related to the illegal dental treatment experience(IDTX) among Korean adults. Methods: The raw data for the analysis of IDTX among Korean adults were obtained from the datasetof the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2007-2009. Stratifiedweighted subjects aged ≥45 years were selected according to region by using clustered samplingmethods. In total, the data of 9,254 subjects, who participated in the interview and dental examinationsrelated to the experience of illegal dental treatments, were analyzed using chi-square test, general linearmodel, and logistic regression analysis with complex sampling design by considering demographicand socioeconomic variables (age, gender, region, educational level, household income, and medicaland dental delivery system) as well as oral status variables (prosthesis and number of natural remainingteeth). Results: IDTX rate was <10% among adults aged 35-44 years or below. However, it increased to 15%among adults aged 45-54 years and was >30% among adults aged ≥65 years. The age group with ahigh IDTX rate coincided with the age group with a high number of lost teeth. Most of the IDTX caseswere presumed to be prosthetic treatments. The model comprising demographic, socioeconomic, andoral status variables had the highest explanation power. Significant variables were educational level,household income, prosthesis status, and number of remaining teeth. Women and persons under themedicaid system were more likely to undergo illegal dental treatments. Conclusions: Comprehensive prosthetic treatments are suggested to be included in the care servicesof the national health insurance and medicaid system to reduce the number of illegal dental treatments.

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans에서 분리된 immunomodulating factor (IMF)가 생쥐의 가지돌기세포, 큰포식세포 및 림프구에 미치는 영향

윤 식(Sik Yoon),전은주(Eun-Joo Jun),유영현(Young-Hyun Yoo),박봉수(Bong-Soo Park),이상화(Sang-Hwa Lee),정수진(Soo-Jin Jeong),김정만(Jung-Man Kim),정민호(Min-Ho Jeong) 대한해부학회 2000 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.33 No.3

치주질환의 일차적인 병인균인 Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 균주에서 유래된 Immunomodulating factor (IMF)가 생체내에서 여러 면역세포들에 미치는 면역생물학적인 영향에 관해 알아보고자 면역세포화학적 방법을 이용하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. BALB/c계 생쥐에 10 μg/kg의 IMF를 복강주사한 다음 6시간 및 24시간 후에 동물을 희생시켜 지라를 분리하였다. IMF를 생체 내로 투여할 경우 생쥐 지라에서 주로 B세포 및 가지돌기세포들의 수가 증가되는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. IMF 투여 후 6시간 내에 정상 대조군에서 지라 가장자리구역에 위치하던 거의 대부분의 가지돌기세포들이 동맥주위 림프구집 내로 이주하였으며 24시간째 동맥주위림프구집에서 가지돌기세포들의 수가 현저하게 증가하였다. 이와 유사하게 IMF 투여 후 지라의 림프소절내에 분포하는 B세포의 수도 매우 증가하였다. 하지만 이와는 달리 T세포는 특별한 변화 를 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 IMF는 주로 B세포 및 가지돌기세포들을 강하게 자극하는 작용을 가지고 있는 물질이라고 할 수 있겠다. 그리고 IMF는 지라의 F4/80+ 큰포식세포에는 유의한 변화를 나타내지 않았지만 IMF 투여 후 6시간째 MOMA-1+ 큰포식세포 즉 지라 가장자리구역의 금속친화성 큰포식세포 (marginal metallophilic macrophage)의 면역반응성이 소실되는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 IMF는 생체 내에서 여러 면역세포 중에서도 특히 가지돌기세포 및 B세포에 강한 작용을 나타낸다는 사실을 입증할 수 있었다. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Immunomodulating factor (IMF), derived from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, on various immune cells in the mouse spleen. A single dose of IMF (10 μg/kg) was administered to BALB/c mice by intraperitoneal injection. After the mice were sacrificed in groups of five at 6 h and 24 h, the spleens were removed. The immunocytochemical characterization of the immune cells was carried out using the various monoclonal antibodies in cryostat-cut sections. We demonstrated in this study a strong stimulating effect of IMF on dendritic cells and B lymphocytes in the mouse spleen after IMF administration. The MOMA-1+ immunoreactivity on the marginal metallophilic macrophages in the splenic marginal zone disappeared 6 h and reappeared 24 h after IMF treatment. However, various subpopulations of T lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, TCRα, β+ and Vβ8+ T cells in the mouse spleen did not show any significant change in their distributional pattern after IMF treatment. Dendritic cells were found to be increased in number in the periarterial lymphatitc sheath, and B lymphocytes were also increased in number in the lymphoid follicles of the spleen after IMF injection. In conclusion, IMF exhibited a potent stimulative effect on dendritic cells and B lymphocytes in vivo.

АНаЛИ3 Фрагмента тезауруса ноcителя русского языка

Yong Bo Shim(심용보),Eun Joo Jun(전은주) 언어과학회 2000 언어과학연구 Vol.18 No.-

The study of Anthropological linguistics, which analyses language factors with the possibility of the practical use and a picture of language immanent in the consciousness of human being, has been suggested as a tendency of the research of Russian study. All people, who have the type of practical apparatus making basic diagram and doing communication in terms of the language structure of one-self, express one`s self thinking by the mandate psychological language and then use practical language material. As it is proved through the many study of structural linguistics, the system of vocabulary can be expressed by the paradigmatic relation of the union and replacement of the word, the syntagmatic relation of language factors composed the expressed sentence by speaking and writing and the derivative relation of the word. As "lexicosemantic field music" is analyzed by the data of ideographical dictionary in this thesis, it suggests the type of the possibility of the practical use and the system of vocabulary involved the language consciousness of modern Russian people. The mutual relation of lexical words as a study about the type of language, which proposes the type of the general use possibility of language, should continue in the level of entire language composed one language beyond the scope of lexicosemantic field limited in a field for Russian scholars and foreigners who study Russian language.

건강보험 요양급여비용 10대 질환: 2000년부터 2016년까지 구강질환을 중심으로

이정하(Jung-Ha Lee),전은주(Eun-Joo Jun),김세연(Se-Yeon Kim),김지수(Ji-Soo Kim),김진범(Jin-Bom Kim) 대한치과보험학회 2017 대한치과보험학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Objectives: This study was to analyze the level and expenditure of oral diseases among top ten major diseases to require the expenses of out-patients covered by National Health Insurance (NHI) in Korea from 2000 to 2016 years. Methods: Annual statistics of NHI and statistics on treatment expenses published by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service from 2000 to 2016 were analyzed to be focused on oral diseases. Results: The three oral diseases such as pulpitis and periapical lesions, dental caries, gingivitis and periodontal legions were situated among top ten major diseases to require the expenses of out-patients covered by NHI in Korea from 2000 to 2013 years. The four oral diseases such as pulpitis and periapical lesions, dental caries, gingivitis and periodontal legions, and the disorders of teeth and support tissues were situated among top ten major diseases to require the expenses of out-patients covered by NHI from 2014 to 2016 years. The most of four oral diseases among top ten major diseases to require the expenses of out-patients covered by NHI were estimated to be originated from dental caries and periodontitis. Conclusions: The community oral health promotion programs preventing dental caries and periodontitis should be conducted to save the expenses of oral diseases covered by NHI. The preventive treatments such as topical fluoride application, professional tooth cleaning and education on the control of dental biofilm should be included as disbursing treatments besides the current fissure sealant, scaling and smoking inhibition treatment covered by National Health Insurance to save the total expenditure of oral disease in the future. The Bureau of Oral Health should be established in Ministry of Health and Welfare to control oral health promotion and advise the departments in charge of NHI.

VGG-16 딥러닝 알고리즘을 활용한 우식치아와 건전치아 분류

변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),전은주 ( Eun-joo Jun ),김지수 ( Ji-soo Kim ),황재준 ( Jae-joon Hwang ),정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2021 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives: Diagnosis of dental caries is based on the dentist’s observation and subjective judgment; therefore, a reliable and objective approach for diagnosing caries is required. Intraoral camera images combined with deep learning technology can be a useful tool to diagnose caries. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the VGG-16 convolutional neural network (CNN) model in detecting dental caries in intraoral camera images. Methods: Images were obtained from the Internet and websites using keywords linked to teeth and dental caries. The 670 images that were obtained were categorized by an investigator as either sound (404 sound teeth) or dental caries (266 dental caries), and used in this study. The training and test datasets were divided in the ratio of 7:3 and a four-fold cross validation was performed. The Tensorflow-based Python package Keras was used to train and validate the CNN model. Accuracy, Kappa value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve and AUC (area under curve) values were calculated for the test datasets. Results: The accuracy of the VGG-16 deep learning model for the four datasets, through random sampling, was between 0.77 and 0.81, with 0.81 being the highest. The Kappa value was 0.51- 0.60, indicating moderate agreement. The resulting positive predictive values were 0.77-0.82 and negative predictive values were 0.80-0.85. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were 0.66-0.74, 0.81-0.88, and 0.88-0.91, respectively. Conclusions: The VGG-16 CNN model showed good discriminatory performance in detecting dental caries in intraoral camera images. The deep learning model can be beneficial in monitoring dental caries in the population.

Streptococcus sp. JEJ - 6에 의한 가용성 전분으로부터 L - Lactic Acid 생성에 관한 연구

조영배(Young-Bae Jo),전은주(Eun-Joo Jun),백형석(Hyung-Suk Baik),전홍기(Hong-Ki Jun) 한국식품영양과학회 1998 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

상당수의 젖산 생성 균주가 알려져 있지만 실제로 L-Lactic acid를 생성하는 균주는 단지 몇 균주에 지나지 않는다. 그 중에서도 공업적으로 L-lactic acid를 생산하기 위해 이용되는 젖산균은 homofermenter이어야 하며 이러한 조건을 만족하는 균주는 Streptococcus속과 일부 Lactobacillus속의 균주만이 알려져 있을 뿐이다. 전분질의 곡물이 젖산을 생산하기 위한 원료로서 주로 사용되는데, 전분의 분해는 젖산균이 일반적으로 가지고 있는 성질이 아니므로 전분을 이용하지 못하는 젖산균을 공업적 발효균주로 이용할 경우 전분을 당화 시켜 발효기질로 이용하거나 병행복합발효법으로 당화와 발효를 병행하는 방법을 이용하는 등의 불편한 점이 있다. 따라서 직접 전분을 이용해 젖산을 생성하는 균주를 분리 하여 이러한 균주를 L-lactic acid 생산균주로 이용한다면 더 간단하고 안정적으로 순수한 젖산을 생산해낼 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 목적으로 본 연구에서는 전분이 기질로 첨가된 김치를 분리원으로 사용하여 상기의 목적에 부합되는 균주를 분리해 냈으며, 분리균주의 배양적, 형태학적 및 생화학적 성질을 검토하여 Streptococcus sp. JEJ-6으로 동정하였다. L-Lactic acid를 생성하는 분리균주인 Streptococcus sp. JEJ-6의 생육 최적 조건과 L-lactic acid 생산 최적 조건을 검토한 결과, 0.1% NaCl, pH 7.0, 37℃, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract가 첨가된 배지에서 균의 생육도와 L-lactic acid 생산량이 모두 높았다. 각 탄소원별로 D와 L-lactic acid 생산성을 비교, 검토한 결과 실험에 사용한 모든 탄소원들에서 L-lactic acid를 선택적으로 생성 하여 높은 광학 순도의 L-lactic acid를 생산하는 것이 확인되었다. 그리고 L-lactic acid 생성에 관여하는 효소인 lactate dehydrogenase를 전처리하여 성질을 검토한 결과 LDH의 NAD 의존성 활성의 최대 활성 pH는 pH 8.5였으며 homofermenter들의 LDH의 최적 활성 pH가 7.8~8.8이라는 보고와 일치하였다. 반면 NAD 비 의존성 활성의 최대 활성 pH는 7이었다. The strain producing L-lactic acid from starch was isolated from kimchi. The isolated strain was identified as a homofermentative Streptococcus sp. through its morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics, and named Streptococcus sp. JEJ-6. Lactic acids are of two types, one L-specific and the other D-specific form in a stereospecific form. Streptococcus sp. JEJ-6 produced selectively L-lactic acid from all of the tested carbon sources. The optimum conditions for the L-lactic acid production from the isolated microorganism were determined. For the maximum yield of L-lactic acid from Streptococcus sp. JEJ -6, the cell should be harvested at the early stationary phase, and the growth temperature, pH, and NaCI concentration should be 37℃, pH 7.0 and 0.1%, respectively. 4% Soluble starch as substrate and organic nitrogen sources such as peptone and yeast extract should be used for the best yield. The optimum pH of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD)-dependent and NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activities was pH 8.5 and pH 7.0, respectively.

경찰공무원의 다면평가제도에 관한 연구

이황우 ( Hwang Woo Lee ),전은주 ( Eun Joo Jun ) 한국경찰학회 2008 한국경찰학회보 Vol.10 No.1

진주시 일부 장애인의 구강건강상태

김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),전은주 ( Eun Joo Jun ),한동헌 ( Dong Hun Han ),이미옥 ( Mi Oak Lee ),정승화 ( Seung Hwa Jeong ),김진범 ( Jin Bom Kim ) 대한구강보건학회 2012 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the oral health status among some disabled persons in Jinju. Methods: Two dentists taken calibration training from the national oral health survey examined the oral health status on 200 disabled persons in Jinju, in June 2008. The surveyed disabled persons aged 6 to 29 years have been supplied with oral health care services by dentists and oral hygienists of dental clinics established at their schools supported from Jinju Public Health Center since 2006. The data obtained from this survey were analyzed with SPSS statistical package and were compared with the data from other oral health reports on disabled persons examined in 2010 Korean Oral Health Survey by Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Results: Among the disabled persons in Jinju, DMF rate was 65.00%; DMFT index, 3.10; DT rate, 39.61%; MT rate, 8.94%; and FT rate, 51.45%. DMFT indexes and DT rates of the disabled persons in Jinju were evaluated to be higher than those of the disabled persons from 2010 Korean National Oral Health Survey. Conclusions: Oral health programs should be strengthened for the prevention and treatments of dental caries for disabled persons.