이청준 소설에 나타난 글쓰기의 의미 고찰 - 『남도사람』 연작을 중심으로

이희정 ( Lee Heejung ) 세계문학비교학회 ( 구 한국세계문학비교학회 ) 2017 世界文學比較硏究 Vol.59 No.-

이청준 작품 『남도사람』의 주인공 사내는 이청준의 다른 소설의 주인공처럼 역시 상징적 아버지의 법의 억압에 의해 외디푸스 콤플렉스를 정상적으로 극복하지 못한 채 상상계(the Imaginary phase)에 고착되고 있다. 이 고착은 헤매임이라는 병적 징후로 나타나 누이를 향한 욕망의 미끄러진 대상인 소리를 찾아 떠돌게 된다. 나그네의 이러한 과정은 이청준의 글쓰기 욕망이 상징계적 억압 속에서의 병적 징후의 발산임을 대변하는 것이다. 이후 나그네는 자신이 찾아다니는 누이, 즉 소리의 종적을 통해 용서와 화해하는 마음을 얻을 수 있었고 그로서 사내는 상상계적 고착에서 벗어나 상징계로 진입할 수 있었다. 그러나 상징계(the symbolic phase)로의 진입 후에도 자신이 욕망하는 대상인 조화롭고 화해로운 세계는 여전히 현실 속에서 결핍으로 존재함을 깨닫고 그 차액으로서의 욕망을 다시 찾아다니고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이는 이청준이 글쓰기를 통해 끊임없이 미끄러지는 욕망을 충족하고 자 하는 것을 의미한다. 이러한 모습은 작품 「새와 나무」, 「다시 태어나는 말」에서 주인공이 억압에서 벗어나 `말의 진실`의 세계로 다가가고자 하는 환유적 욕망의 충족으로 드러난다. 이 훼손된 세계속에서 고착되어 나타나는 이청준의 부친살해 욕망이 현실 고발로서의 글쓰기로 행해지고 있었으며, 그것은 또다시 욕망의 미끄러짐을 통해 환유적 글쓰기로 이어지고 있다. 이처럼 이청준 작품에 나타나는 주인공의 욕망의 과정은 작가 이청준에게는 글쓰기 과정의 의미와 그 맥을 같이 한다. Just like the other protagonists of Lee Cheong Joon`s novel, the male protagonist in Lee`s novel `Namdosaram` is becoming fixated in an imaginary phase as he was not able to overcome the Oedipus complex from the symbolic suppression of a father-figure power. This fixation appears as a morbid symptom of wandering and the protagonist roams in search for `Pansori`, the object of a glissement of desire for his elder sister. Such wandering is an indication that Lee`s desire for writing is a release of his morbid symptom from a symbolic suppression. Later the wanderer finds forgiveness and reconciliation in his mind through the search for his sister that is to say the traces of `Pansor`i, thus breaking away from the imaginary fixation to enter into the symbolic phase. However, even after entering into the symbolic phase, he realizes that even his object of desire which is a harmonious and reconciliatory world, only exists in deficiency, and roams again to find the remaining difference of his desire. This represents the tireless glissement of desire for satisfaction through the Lee`s writing. Such happening is also revealed through the protagonists in The Bird and the Tree and The Rebirth of the Word where the protagonists break away from suppression to satisfy the metonymic desire to get closer to a world where `the word is true.` The desire of Lee to kill his father, revealed through the fixation of a damaged world, is being acted out through his writing of filing a complaint against reality. This through the glissement of desire is followed by a metonymic writing. The process of the protagonist`s desire revealed in Lee`s novel is in the same context with the meaning of the process of writing to the author, Lee.

미토콘드리아 ribosomal RNA 유전자 염기서열분석에 의한 한국산 연어아과 어류의 유전적 계통도

이희정,박중연,이정호,민광식,전임기,유미애,이원호,LEE Heui-Jung,PARK Jung-Youn,LEE Jeong-Ho,MIN Kwang-Sik,JEON Im Gi,YOO Mi-Ae,LEE Won-Ho 한국수산과학회 2000 한국수산과학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Complete senuences of the mitochondrial rRNA Benes were determined among six salmonines in Korean Waters (Brachpmystax lenok, Onoorhpchus keta, O. masou mason, O. mason ishikawae, O. mykiss, and albino mutant of O. mykiss). The purposes of this study were to provide the basic information on levels of mtDNA polymorphism among these species for genetic characterization; discuss phylogentic relationships among three Oncorhynchus sepecies; demonstrate the utility of rRNA gene sequence data as a genetic marker for disringuishinf among Korean salmonines. PCR/direct sequencing data indicated the following consistent results; 1) 12S rRNA genes was 945 bases long in Oncorhynchus species, and 946 bases in B. lenot including one insertion. 2) Of sequence variation in mitochondrial rRNA regions, transitional substitutions were superior to transversion. 3) The significant differences were not shown in the intraspecific variation values in these gene regions. The percentage sequence divergence values were ranged from $0.066 to 0.212{\%}$. 4) The interspecific divergences were greater than the intraspecific variation. Nevertheless, ribosomal RMh genes were more conserved among species than the other mitochondrial genes, and they showed potentiality as an intergenic marker for systematics. In addition, phylogenetic trees, constructed from this data, supported that cherry salmon was closer to chum salmon than to rainbow trout, and that lenok was most distantly related species in six salmonid species. 열목어를 비롯한 산천어, 시마연어, 연어, 무지개송어 등 우리나라 연어아과 어류의 집단구조분석을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 미토콘드리아 ribosomal RMA 유전자 영역의 염기서열변이를 비교${\cdot}$분석하였다. 미토콘드리아 DNA의 125 rRNA(945 bases, 열목어 의 경우 946 bases), Valine transfer RNA (72 bases), 및 16S rRNA(1513 bases) 등 3개의 유전자 영역에 걸쳐, 최대 2531 bases의 염기서열을 PCR/direct sequencing하여 얻었는데, 모든 염기변이중 전이가 월등히 우세하게 나타났으며, 종내${\cdot}$종간변이율은 모두 $0.5{\%}$이하로 낮게 나타나, 다른 영역에 비해 rRNA 유전자 영역에서의 염기서열이 매우 보존적임을 보여주었다. 또한, 미토콘드리아 rRNA 유전자 염기서열은 연어류의 속 (genus)단계 이상에서 집단분류표지인자로 유용하게 쓰일 수 있으리라 사료되어진다. 미토콘드리아 rRNA 염기서열자료를 기초로 구성된 phylogenetic tree를 통해 이들 종간의 진화적인 유연관계를 살펴본 결과, 시마연어가 무지개송어보다는 연어와 더 근연인 것으로 나타났으며, 열목어는 가장 유연이 먼 종임을 확인할 수 있었다.

패류생산해역 위생관리 고도화 방안

이희정,Lee, Hui-Jeong 한국어촌어항협회 2013 어항어장 Vol.104 No.-

FEELING ‘PROTECTED’ IN MASS ORGANIZED GROUP TOURS - A South Korean case -

이희정,Hugh Wilkins,Young-Sook Lee 한국관광학회 2011 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.11 No.2

This study provides further understanding of mass organized tourists by identifying the push factors for mass tourism in a Korean context. It is proposed that ‘protection seeking’ tendency and perceived travel risks are two push factors that encourage Korean tourists to choose mass tourism products. This study employed a mixed method approach in which qualitative and quantitative approaches were sequentially conducted across two stages. This study successfully identified the dimension of ‘protection seeking’ and found it plays a significant role in a Korean tourist context. The ‘protection seeking’ tendency increases the likelihood of potential tourists to choose the mass organized tours. However, perceived risks were not found to be directly related to choosing the mass organized tours; perceived risks were significantly related to ‘protection seeking’. This study reveals that a critical reason why Korean tourists choose mass tourism products is because they want a psychological ‘shelter’ and the ability to call for help in case of emergency. This implies that various types of mass organize tours are needed to be designed for the future. This result is particularly of significance for those who desire to make their holiday products more attractive to Korean outbound tourists.

HPLC(High Performace Liquid Chromatography)를 이용한 공중합체의 분석(I)

이희정,장태현,Lee, Hee Cheong,Chang, Taihyun 한국고분자학회 1995 고분자 과학과 기술 Vol.6 No.2

명월초 가루를 첨가한 소고기 패티의 최적화 연구

이희정,백재은,주나미,Lee, Heejeong,Baik, Jae-Eun,Joo, Nami 한국식품영양학회 2014 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.27 No.5

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing ratio of Gynura procumbens and milk in the preparation of beef patties. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design for estimating the response surface, demonstrating 10 experimental points including 2 replicates for Gynura procumbens and milk. The physical, mechanical and sensory properties of the test materials were measured, and a canonical form and perturbation plot were used to show the influence of each ingredient on the final product mixture. Results of the measurements showed significant increases or decreases in the following properties: dough moisture (p<0.05); beef patty a (p<0.001) and b (p<0.001); hardness (p<0.01), adhesiveness (p<0.05), chewiness (p<0.05), and gumminess (p<0.05). In addition, the sensory measurements showed significant improvements in color (p<0.001), flavor (p<0.05), greasy (p<0.05) and overall quality (p<0.05). The optimum formulation calculated from the numerical and graphical analysis was 1.75 g Gynura procumbens and 20.44 g of milk.

논문편 : 취업모의 심리적 안녕 - 긍정적 정서와 생활 만족도를 중심으로 -

이희정,이숙현 ( Hee Jung Lee,Sook Hyun Lee ) 대한가정학회 1995 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.33 No.6

토모테라피를 이용한 뇌척수조사의 선량적 비교와 자세 재현성에 대한 고찰

이희정,김주호,이상규,윤종원,조정희,Lee, Heejeong,Kim, Jooho,Lee, Sangkyu,Yoon, Jongwon,Cho, Jeonghee 대한방사선치료학회 2017 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.29 No.1

목 적: 토모테라피를 이용한 뇌척수조사가 시행된 환자를 대상으로 선량적 비교와 자세 재현성 검증을 통하여 뇌척수 조사 시 토모테라피의 유용성을 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 뇌척수 조사가 시행된 환자 중 토모테라피를 이용한 환자 10명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 모든 환자에 대하여 치료 전 정도 관리를 시행하였고, 매 치료 전 두경부와 치료 후 골반부에서의 Megavoltage Computed Tomography(MVCT)를 촬영하여 자세 재현성을 확인하였다. 또한 체부 측정을 시행하여 두피 선량을 확인하였으며, 토모테라피 치료계획(CT 그룹, CSI-Tomo) 외에 동일 환자를 대상으로 기존 전형적인 뇌척수 조사기법(CC 그룹, CSI-Convention)을 계획하여 선량적 차이를 비교하였다. 결 과: 전뇌에 대한 V107, V95는 CT그룹에서 0 %, 97.2 %, CC 그룹에서는 0.3 %, 95.1 %를 나타내었다. 척수부위에서는 CT그룹에서 0.2 %, 89.6 %, CC그룹에서 18.6 %, 69.9 %로 조사되었다. 정상 장기의 경우 모든 장기에서 CT그룹이 낮은 선량을 유지하였으나, 폐와 신장에서는 낮은 선량이 조사되는 체적이 증가했다. 치료 자세에 대한 검증 결과 치료 후 촬영된 MVCT 영상에서 오차는 X축에서 최대 10.2 mm, Y축에서 -8.9 mm, Z축에서 -11.9 mm을 나타내었다. 두피 선량 측정 결과 처방선량 대비 평균 67.8 %의 선량이 측정되었으며 환자 별 정도 관리 결과는 점선량(<5 %)과 감마 분석(90 %> (r<1 3 %, 3 mm))의 모든 경우에서 만족하였다. 결 론: 토모테라피를 이용한 뇌척수조사는 전신에 낮은 선량이 조사되는 체적이 증가하면서 폐와 같은 장기에서의 위해도는 다소 증가하였으나 기존의 전형적인 치료 방법에 비해 종양부위에 충분한 선량을 주는 반면 주변 정상 장기에 높은 위해를 줄 수 있는 고선량을 낮게 조사하였다. 또한 자세 재현성의 결과 치료계획 시 산정했던 여유체적을 초과하지 않아 비교적 정확한 재현성을 유지하는 한편, 두피 선량 또한 낮게 조사되는 것으로 보아 토모테라피를 이용한 뇌척수 조사는 기존의 전형적인 치료 기법의 한계를 보완할 수 있는 방법으로 유용하리라 사료된다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify dosimetric results and reproducibility of position during craniospinal irradiation (CSI) using tomotherapy (Accuray Incorporated, USA). Also, by comparing with conventional CSI Technique, we confirmed the efficiency of using a Tomotherapy. Materials and Methods: 10 CSI patients who get tomotherapy participate. Patient-specific quality assurances (QA) for each patient are conducted before treatment. When treating, we took Megavoltage Computed Tomography (MVCT) that range of head and neck before treatment, L spine area after treatment. Also we conducted in-vivo dosimetry to check a scalp dose. Finally, we made a 3D conventional radiation therapy(3D-CRT) of those patients to compare dosimetric differences with tomotherapy treatment planning. Results: V107, V95 of brain is 0 %, 97.2 % in tomotherapy, and 0.3 %, 95.1 % in 3D-CRT. In spine, value of V107, V95 is 0.2 %, 18.6 % in tomotherapy and 89.6 %, 69.9 % in 3D-CRT. Except kidney and lung, tomotherapy reduced normal organ doses than 3D-CRT. The maximum positioning error value of X, Y, Z was 10.2 mm, -8.9 mm, -11.9 mm. Through in-vivo dosimetry, the average of scalp dose was 67.8 % of prescription dose. All patient-specific QA were passed by tolerance value. Conclusion: CSI using tomotherapy had a risk of parallel organ such as lung and kidney because of integral dose in low dose area. However, it demonstrated dosimetric superiority at a target and saved normal organ to reduce high dose. Also results of reproducibility were not exceeded margins that estimated treatment planning and invivo dosimetry showed to reduce scalp dose. Therefore, CSI using tomotherapy is considered to efficient method to make up for 3D-CRT.

올리브 오일을 첨가한 어육 소시지의 최적화 연구

이희정,주나미,Lee, HeeJeong,Joo, Nami 한국식품영양학회 2014 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing ratio of Alaska Pollack (Theragra chalcogramma) and olive oil in the preparation of sausage. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design for estimating the response surface, which demonstrated 10 experimental points including 2 replicates for Alaska Pollack and olive oil. The physical, mechanical and sensory properties of test materials were measured. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the final product mixture. Measurement results of the physical and mechanical properties showed a significant increase or decrease in the following properties: dough sweetness (p<0.05); sausage L (p<0.05), a (p<0.001), and b (p<0.01); hardness (p<0.01), chewiness (p<0.05), and gumminess (p<0.01). Also, the sensory measurements showed a significant improvement in color (p<0.05), flavor (p<0.01), taste (p<0.001), tenderness (p<0.05), chewiness (p<0.01), mositness (p<0.05), and overall quality (p<0.01). As a result, the optimum formulation by numerical and graphical methods was calculated as Alaska Pollack 35.74 g and olive oil 7 g.

미숙아 어머니의 퇴원교육 프로그램 강화활동

이희정,설현아,이경남,서경옥,문수미,김기휘,Lee, Hui-Jeong,Soul, Hyun A,Lee, Kyeong-Nam,Seo, Gyeong-Ok,Moon, Su-Mi,Kim, Ki-Hwi 한국의료질향상학회 2014 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives: Parents of a premature baby feel a pressure on their baby's growth and they are highly in need for proper education. However, the lack of proper education can cause the difficulty of follow-up care and rehospitalization. Currently, methods of education among each nurse are based on verbal explanation and can be often different. Therfore, it is true that the psychological burden is great during education. Hence, by enforcing discharge education activities, we intend to provide information; induce participation of parents; promote the level of performance; standardize education program; and increase the job satisfaction of nurses. Methods: NICU conducted a questionnaire survey of the demand and satisfaction for discharge education among mothers that left hospital. And before and after the improvement activity, the satisfaction level of mothers and nurses were studied, and rehospitalization rate were analyzed. Results 1)The survey results of the satisfaction level of mothers towards education program as followes: The level of understanding of content, general babysitting, special situation, education method, and educator attitude showed statistically significant increase. 2)The survey results of the satisfaction level of nurses towards education program as followes: While, the need for education program decreased, the adequacy of education content and method, consistency of education, understanding of learner, and learner's performance increased. All the factors except for the need for education program and the adequacy of education content showed statistically significant difference. 3)Rehospitalization rate of premature babies decreased. According to analysis of the cause of rehospitalization, breast-feeding related apnea turned out to be the highest. Conclusion: Through QI, satisfaction of mothers and nurses improved more than 10%. And rehospitalization rate of premature babies decreased by the same amount as well. Therefore, with the help of the standardized discharge education program, mothers who is not easy to take care of after leaving hospital can be seen to significantly affect their healthy growth and development.