아두이노와 YOLO를 이용한 졸음 방지 시스템 구현

이현애,신성윤,Lee, Hyun-Ae,Shin, Seong-Yoon 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.25 No.7

현대 사회에서는 졸음으로 인한 사망사고와 재산피해 등이 해마다 막대하게 발생하고 있다. 이러한 피해를 줄이는 방법들은 사회 각계각층에서 많이 연구하고 있으며 특히, 자동차에서는 졸음운전 방지에 대한 연구가 활발하다. 본 논문에서는 요로(YOLO : You Only Look Once)를 이용하여 뜬눈과 감은 눈을 학습하는 아두이노 기반의 물총 발사를 수행하는 시스템으로써, 단순히 감은 눈의 지속 시간이 일정 시간을 초과하면 물총을 발사하는 졸음 방지 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 다양한 분야에 적용하여 사용할 수 있지만, 특히, 자동차에 적용 시 비싼 사양을 구매하지 않아도 되고 조금만 신경을 쓰면 아주 저렴한 비용으로도 졸음운전으로 인한 사고를 100% 줄일 수 있다. 또한, 회사별 각기 다른 사양들을 극복한 독립적 시스템이라고 할 수 있다. In modern society, deaths and property damage due to drowsiness occur every year enormously. Methods to reduce such damage are being studied a lot in all walks of life, and research on preventing drowsy driving is particularly active in automobiles. In this paper, as an Arduino-based water gun firing system that learns open and closed eyes using YOLO, we propose a drowsy prevention system that fires a water gun when the duration of the closed eye exceeds a certain time. This system can be applied and used in various fields, but especially when applied to a car, it is not necessary to purchase expensive specifications and if you pay a little attention, you can reduce accidents caused by drowsy driving by 100% at a very low cost. In addition, it can be said that it is an independent system that overcomes different specifications for each company.

한국 이갈이 환자의 성격 유형 검사(MBTI)

이현애,어규식,정기택,전양현,홍정표,Lee, Hyun-Ae,Auh, Q-Schick,Jung, Kee-Taig,Chun, Yang-Hyun,Hong, Jung-Pyo 대한안면통증구강내과학회 2008 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.33 No.1

The focus of this study is to analyze the effect of stress on the health of bruxism patients using the MBTI system. The most common personality type will be identified among the bruxism patients and by understanding their personality & their handling of stress, more comprehesive and effective treatment plan can be constructed. The study will also conclude that the type of personality has big effect on the cause of bruxism, and that this will be considered in the treatment plan in this hospital. The result of the study is as follow. First, more bruxism patients were type I than type E. It can be suggested that this result is due to the introversive people maintaining their energy how within themselves, and private are less to likely to release there stress than the expressive people. Second, among the bruxism patients significantly more type T were found compared to type F. This implies the bruxism tend to follow principals, scientific and analysing during decision making rather than basing their decision an meanings, emotions and influences. Thirdly, more bruxism patients clarified into ST in comparison to non-bruxism patients. This is thought to be due to probable increased stress and anxiety following ST people's tendency to more strict and realistic thinking according to effectiveness, evidence-based and productivity. Fourth, the type IJ was the most of the bruxism patients. We can come to the conclusion that decision-oriented introversion people who have hard to change, a thoroughgoing preparation characters are likely to grind their teeth by their detailed characters. Fifth, the type IT was the most of the bruxism patients. Bruxism patients are usually influenced by spirit, easily hearted, awed of relationship and attention. So, their intensity of stress is much bigger because of their personality. The last, Type IS was the most of the bruxism patients. It means that introvert sensitive types who have characters of calm, passive but defence to other's emotion, also neutral, keep moderation, and have cold-heartedness are likely to grind their teeth frequently. In conclusion it is evident that bruxism patients have particular personality types. Precisive, analysing and introversive bruxism patients are expected to have higher sensitivities to stress.

호텔 등급에 따른 온라인 리뷰 유형과 유용성의 관계 분석

이현애(Hyunae Lee),정남호(Namho Chung),구철모(Chulmo Koo) 한국경영학회 2017 經營學硏究 Vol.46 No.1

Due to the inseparability and intangibility of hotel service, a great number of potential hotel consumers tend to search more precise and trustful information through the online reviews posted by other customers who have already stayed the hotels. Therefore, the online review usefulness has been regarded to play an important role in affecting the consumers purchase decision. However, people can differently perceive reviews usefulness in accordance with how the review is presented and what they require from the hotel. Therefore, this study focused on the effects of linguistic attributes of review on its usefulness in accordance with hotel classifications. Therefore, this study conducted two studies with the online review collected from two hotels with different classification(3-stars and 5-stars) in Tripadvisor. In study 1, low-positive and high-positive reviews were distinguished based on the proportion of positive words, while in study 2, cognitive and affective reviews were distinguished by comparing their proportions. The results showed that there are significant interaction effects between linguistic attributes of online review and its usefulness. In case of 3-stars hotel, the higher the proportion of positive words, the higher the level of review usefulness and cognitive reviews were perceived as more useful than affective ones. On the other hand, in case of 5-stars hotel, the effects of low-positive and high-positive reviews were similar, and affective reviews were perceived as more useful than cognitive ones. With these results, this study provides theoretical and practical implications.

임상간호사가 경험하는 직장 내 괴롭힘, 소진과 이직의도의 관계

이현애(Hyeon-Ae Lee),손수경(Sue-Kyung Sohn) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2021 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

Purpose: This study was a descriptive correlational study and conducted with the purpose to provide basic information for developing a human resources management that could help to reduce nurses turnover rate by examining the relationship between nurses workplace bullying and exhaustion at work and their intention to change jobs. Methods: The subjects were 229 nurses were selected with over 6 months of work experiences working at 3 university hospitals and 2 general hospitals located in B metropolitan city. Data were collected from September 1∼30, 2013, and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe’s test and Pearson correlation coefficients using SPSS. Results: The mean of intention to change jobs was 41.03±7.72. The level of intention to change jobs was correlated with workplace bullying (r=.24, p<.001) and exhaustion (r=.48, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on results of this study, nurse s exhaustion and their intention to change jobs were moderate correlated. In addition, workplace bullying and intention to change jobs showed a weak correlation. 12.2% of the subject of this study were found to be victims of workplace bullying. Accordingly, it should not be overlooked. Individual interest and consideration for such victims of bullying are needed and human resources department should recognize it as a serious issue and multilateral efforts should be made to solve such issue.

현대회화에 나타난 시리즈 이미지

이현애(Lee Hyun-ae) 현대미술사학회 2009 현대미술사연구 Vol.25 No.-

This study is based on the groups of modern paintings in which the same motif is repeated in a similar size, material, technique and composition on at least two canvases. I will argue that this display of serial images in a space and the viewers’ experience of it are the remarkable phenomenon both of modern art and of the art market. In addition, my research is purposed to reveal the historical, philosophical and mathematical meanings of the series as well as the structure of its repetition. The creation of art works in series has a long tradition. A series has become a conventional format in modern art since Gustav Courbet and an artist’s choice to make a series of things has represented his own attitude. In my article, this will be examined chronologically through four artists. 1) My starting point will be Claude Monet’s well-known groups of canvases created in the 1890s: the Grainstacks and the Rouen Cathedral series. These are paradigmatic of the Modernist series in which the artist’s vision generates variations on the single unifying motif. Why did Monet repeat one motif over twenty times and think it important to display them altogether at the same time and space? Above all, this was because, through this simultaneous presentation of serial works, he could more easily visualize the continuity of time as well as make the viewers reach the perception of the difference in the repetition of each instantaneous moment. 2) Besides Monet, there were a lot of artists who created series as a unity and sometimes displayed them with some aesthetic and conceptual aspects of installation as an ensemble. In the 1920s and 1930s, Alexej von Jawlensky repeated “Savior’s Face” again and again and painted “Meditation” actually over thousand times. In his series of this human face, the principle of life and dead ― the greatest and the most tragic repetition of mankind ― is embodied with the language of relief and reflection. 3) Since 1965, Roman Opalka has painted the “Detail” of the amazing work. For his series 〈Opalka 1965/1 ― ∞〉, he wrote white numbers on black canvas, read the painted numbers and recorded them on tape and then photographed a self-portrait before the painting completed each day. To quote his words, “he painted the body of time” and his paintings are “Sfumato of a being”. His repetition of numbering is an activity of memory which can tide over the flow of time. 4) At the 1972 Venice Biennale, Gerhard Richter showed 48 Portraits in the German pavilion. The portraits of 48 historic figures derived from pictures in an encyclopedia were painted on the same size canvases. Richter treated the 48 faces equally in black and white when he forgot some more important scholars of the 20th century. For him, it made no sense to know who is who. He turns his attention to showing the macro structure of the display in series and the crossover image of individuals and mass ― the part and whole. In conclusion, modern art is no more temporary imitation but becomes continuous repetition, of which originality might be composed of plurality and multiplicity.

RAS 기법을 활용한 서울 스마트관광 모빌리티의 경제적 파급효과 분석

이현애 ( Hyunae Lee ),김현지 ( Hyunji Kim ),정남호 ( Namho Chung ) 한국지식경영학회 2023 지식경영연구 Vol.24 No.4

스마트관광 도시의 핵심 분야 중 하나인, 스마트 모빌리티는 개인형 교통수단인 공유 자전거, 공유 킥보드를 비롯해 공유 자동차 서비스, 스마트교통 인프라 등 ICT 기술을 기반으로 진보된 모든 수단과 서비스를 포함하며, 기존 교통수단의 한계를 극복하고 사람과 물자의 이동을 개선한다. 관광객에게는 관광지 간 이동 시 저렴하고 이용하기 쉬운 교통수단으로 활용될 뿐만 아니라, 관광 경험 그 자체가 되어 여행의 질을 향상시키는 역할도 한다. 이 연구는 스마트 모빌리티의 관광적 측면을 포함한 ‘스마트관광 모빌리티’를 ‘정보통신기술을 기반으로 뛰어난 연결성을 갖추고, 공익성을 가지고 있으며, 스마트관광 도시에서 거주민과 관광객 모두가 교통수단으로 사용함과 동시에 관광 경험 그 자체가 될 수 있는 모빌리티’로 정의하였다. 그리고 관련 산업의 범위를 전문가 델파이 조사를 기반으로 규명하고, 스마트관광도시에서 어떤 경제적 파급효과를 낳는지 파악하고자 했다. 구체적으로, RAS 기법과 입지계수법을 활용하여 산업연관표를 업데이트하고, 스마트관광 모빌리티에 대한 투자 증대가 서울시의 전 산업에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 2022년 한 해 동안 예정된 서울시의 스마트관광 모빌리티에 대한 약 28억 원 규모의 투자로 인해 전 산업에 걸쳐 약 41억 4천만 원 이상의 생산유발효과가 창출될 것으로 추정되었으며, 이로 인해 약 16억 6천만 원의 소득유발효과, 약 36억 1천만 원의 부가가치유발효과, 그리고 약 54명을 위한 일자리가 창출될 것으로 예상되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 스마트관광 모빌리티가 첨단기술과 관광·운송 서비스의 단순한 결합이 아니며, 도시 내·외부의 다양한 산업과 이해관계를 연계하는 생태계적 관점에서 발전해야함을 강조한다. One of the key domains within a smart tourism city, smart mobility, encompasses advanced transportation means and services rooted in Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This includes shared bicycles, scooters, car-sharing services, smart transportation infrastructure, and more, aiming to surpass limitations of conventional transport and improve the movement of people and goods. It also serves tourists as an affordable and convenient mode of transport between attractions while also enhancing the overall travel experience. This study has defined 'smart tourism mobility' as a form of mobility grounded in ICT, exhibiting exceptional connectivity, serving public interest, and serving as a mode of transport for both residents and tourists in a smart tourism city. The research aimed to outline the scope of smart tourism mobility-related industries through expert Delphi surveys and estimate their economic effects within a smart tourism city. Specifically, this study updated 2015 input-output table and made 2020 regional input-output table of Seoul adopting RAS method and location quotient method. The results showed that the about 2.8 billion KRW investment of Seoul in smart tourism mobility may create more than 4.1 billion KRW in production inducement effect which is expected to create more than 1.6 billion KRW of income-inducing effect, 3.6 billion KRW of value-added-inducing effect, and 54 employment across all industries in Seoul in 2022.

지역환경문제 참여를 통한 환경의식 변화와 지역공동체 형성

이현애(Hyun-Ae Lee),김종욱(Jong-Wook Kim) 한국환경교육학회 2004 環境 敎育 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study is to understand what kind of effects a local residents’ participation on a local environmental problem has on the Environmental consciousness of the resident, and on the local community. I (researcher) employed qualitative research methods on the residents' environmental movement, which claimed to preserve the Sung Mi Mountain from the Seoul City Hall's plan of the water reservoir construction. I tried to understand the participation motivation and participating actions, and also the changes and effects the participation brought at both a personal, and community level. The data were gathered by means of in-depth interview with the local residents and unstructured questionnaire.<br/> At first, through the residents' environmental movement, the participants acquired a growth in environmental consciousness. For example, they obtained better understanding of the environment, change of attitude to environment, and participation function. <br/> Secondly, it is meaningful that a local tie intervened by the environment, enforced self-governing, and shows how community sentiment plays an important role for local community organization. Moreover, the environmental movement contributed to developing a ‘culture for participation’.<br/> In conclusion, participating in a local environmental problem can be an integration of learning and practice and also leads to reflective thinking about the relationship not only between human beings and nature, but also among human beings. In addition, it can buildup a systemic cooperation for local problem-solving and the ability to make an alternative culture in the community. These are the significances of the local environmental problem-participation on the environmental education.

이브 클랭(Yves Klein)의 공기 시대와 〈빈 공간 Le Vide〉

이현애(Lee Hyun Ae) 서양미술사학회 2011 서양미술사학회논문집 Vol.34 No.-

Monochrome painting, performances with naked women, and the patented International Klein Blue(IKB). These are trademarks of the French artist Yves Klein (1928 - 1962). His general image that emerges from the literature is negative: he was “a mixture of self-appointed messiah and self-aggrandizing showman” (D. Hopkins 2000), his work was turned into “an avant-garde of dissipated scandals” (R. Smithson 1966), and his rhetoric was “of authorial grandeur and pseudomysticism” (H. Foster 2004). These critical views are mostly based on his “Blue Period” and the notion of self-commodification. However, little is known about the perspective of Klein’s new genre art in his “Pneumatic Period,” whose concepts invite comparison with those of such Neo-Dadaists as Joseph Beuys and Andy Warhol. In this context, this study aims to shed a new light on the Klein’s materialist-perspective by analyzing his exhibition 〈The Void/Le Vide〉 in Paris 1958 as well as his invention of the “Zone of Immaterial Pictorial Sensibility” in Antwerpen 1959. With these forms of performance-installation art began his “Pneumatic Period,” which would be expanded on his project “air architecture” in 1960’s. In this period, the artist of the postwar climate under de Gaulle sharply observes the ‘pneuma’ or breath that runs through all kinds of art in a capitalist consumer society and proposes his idea of the “revolution of art towards the immaterial” and “overcoming the problematics of art.” What 〈The Void〉 presented is not an empty white-painted art-gallery but the full-scale value of art, casting a quite problematic question: what would be the art of this capitalist and consumer society? I think the answer could be found in his imagination of monetary system. Using air as an immaterial material and creating an ambiance in art gallery, Klein exchanged his “immaterial pictorial sensibility” for money, that is, what Marshall McLuhan called “a social medium or extension of an inner wish and motive.” Money creates values and sensibility is the real capital. In this way, the artist could draw a picture of the nation and economy based on true quality that freed from power and money. This is the healthy art and society that Klein wished.

파국적 항인지질항체증후군과 관련된 소장의 괴사 1예

이현애 ( Hyun Ae Lee ),김성은 ( Seong-eun Kim ),정도영 ( Do Woung Jung ),변주란 ( Ju Ran Byeon ),최아름 ( A Reum Choe ),태정현 ( Chung Hyun Tae ),문창모 ( Chang Mo Moon ),정혜경 ( Hye Kyung Jung ),심기남 ( Ki Nam Shim ),정성애 ( S 대한소화기학회 2021 대한소화기학회지 Vol.77 No.6

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome is a highly fatal condition characterized by widespread thromboembolism subsequent to a triggering factor (e.g., infection, trauma, and neoplasia) in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients. This paper reports a case of a 29-year-old male without the underlying disease who developed extensive mesenteric thromboembolism and jejunal necrosis during the treatment for acute enteritis. The patient’s condition was improved with low-molecular-weight heparin and an intravenous Ig treatment with emergency surgery. The serum antiphospholipid (anticardiolipin IgM) and lupus anticoagulant antibody tests showed positive results. Acute infectious enterocolitis is generally considered a mild disease. On the other hand, aggressive evaluation and treatment should be considered if the clinical conditions do not improve and deteriorate rapidly despite appropriate antibiotic treatment because of the possibility of acute immunological complications, such as catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2021;77:294-299)

가상가치평가법을 활용한 스마트관광도시 모빌리티 가치연구 : 거주민과 관광객의 비교를 중심으로

이현애(Hyunae Lee),정희정(Hee Chung Chung),김도승(Doseung Kim) 한국관광연구학회 2021 관광연구저널 Vol.35 No.3