60나노 8기가 시대 개막·· 반도체 역사를 다시 쓴다

이현상,Lee, Hyeon-Sang 한국과학기술단체총연합회 2004 과학과 기술 Vol.37 No.11

실내 무선통신의 해석적 전파 모델 및 알고리즘에 관한 연구

이현상(Hyun-Sang Lee),이두한(Du-Han Lee),이찬주(Chan-Joo Lee),홍의석(Ui-Seok Hong) 한국통신학회 1993 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1993 No.11

백제 식리의 원형복원을 위한 주변국 식리와의 비교 연구

이현상 ( Lee Hyun-sang ) 백제학회 2018 백제학보 Vol.0 No.24

현대에도 금은 귀한 소재이지만 삼국시대의 경우 금은 특정계층만이 사용할 수 있는 소재였다. 금동식리를 제작하기 위해서는 투조, 조금, 타출, 도금 등 숙련된 금공기술이 필요하다. 이처럼 귀금속 소재와 함께 특별한 기술이 있어야 만들 수 있는 금동식리는 백제 중앙의 관영공방에서 제작하여 지방에 하사되었다는 설이 유력하다. 금동식리가 출토되는 고분에서는 금동관, 장식대도, 금제이식, 중국제 도자가 함께 출토되는 경우가 많다. 필자는 백제 금동식리 6점을 복원 제작한 바 있는데, 그 과정에서 백제적인 기술이 무엇인지 분명하게 인식하지 못하였기에 소기의 성과를 거두기 어려웠다. 따라서 본고에서는 주변국 금동식리와 제작기술을 비교 검토해봄으로써 향후 백제 식리의 원형복원 작업을 진전시킬 수 있는 기초자료를 확보하고자 하였다. 백제 금동식리의 공통점은 좌우 측판이 금동식리의 중심선에서 결합되고, 저면에는 금동못이 박혀 있다는 점이다. 현재까지 출토된 백제 금동식리는 문양의 종류, 문양 표현기법, 제작형식 등에 따라 네 종류로 크게 구별할 수 있고 세부적 속성의 차이에 따라 몇 가지로 더 세분할 수 있다. 금동식리는 백제뿐만 아니라 주변국에서도 유행했다. 그 중 백제와 신라·고구려의 금동식리는 외형에서 확연한 차이가 난다. 또한 백제 금동식리는 가야와 왜에 상당한 영향을 준 것으로 보인다. 이처럼 금동식리는 4~6세기 동아시아에서 유행한 위세품 중 하나였고, 각국 식리에는 고유의 기술과 문화가 녹아있음을 확인할 수 있었다. Gold is not only a precious material in modern times, but also it could be only used by a specific class in the period of the Three Kingdoms. Some skillful metalwork techniques such as openwork, carving, chasing and plating are required to manufacture Gilt-Bronze Shoes. Therefore, it is believed that Gilt-Bronze Shoes requiring precious metals as well as special techniques were usually manufactured by the government-managed workshop at the center of Baekje and then, granted to localities. Gilt-Bronze Shoes are often excavated together with Gilt-Bronze Caps, Sword with a Decorated Ring Pommel, Golden Ear Ornaments and Chinese ceramics, from the same ancient tombs. The author restored and manufactured six pieces of Baekje Gilt-Bronze Shoes. In the process, it was difficult to achieve the expected results, since Baekje’s own techniques could not clearly recognized. Therefore, this paper attempted to secure basic materials for facilitating the restoration of the archetype of them in the future, by comparatively analyzing Gilt-Bronze Shoes and manufacturing techniques in neighboring countries. The common point of Beakje Gilt-Bronze Shoes is that right and left side plates are combined on the center lines of them and gilt-bronze nails are embedded on the base planes. Baekje Gilt-Bronze Shoes that have been excavated until now can be largely grouped into four categories based on kinds of patterns, expression techniques and manufacture techniques, and they can be also subdivided according to differences in detailed traits. Gilt-Bronze Shoes were popularized not only in Baekje, but also in neighboring countries. Among them, those in Koguryo, Baekje and Silla were prominently different in their forms. On the other hand, Gilt-Bronze Shoes in Baekje seem to have significant effects on those in Gaya and Wae(Japan). Gilt-Bronze Shoes was one of prestige goods popularized in each country in the Korean peninsula during the 4th-6th century, and each relic contains unique techniques and cultures.

백제 금동관 원형복원을 위한 비교 연구

이현상(Lee Hyun sang) 한국조형디자인학회 2018 조형디자인연구 Vol.21 No.1

백제 금동관이 출토된 지역은 전남 나주 · 고흥, 전북 익산, 충남 천안 · 공주 · 서산, 경기 화성 등이다. 현재까지 출토된 8점의 백제 금동관은 외형이나 도안, 제작기법으로 보아 일정한 공통점을 지니고 있다. 시기적으로는 5세기에 집중되고 있으며 같은 시기의 동아시아 각국 자료와도 확연히 구별된다. 본고에서는 백제 금동관의 원형을 복원하기 위한 기초자료 검토 차원에서 백제와 주변국 금속제 관의 외형 및 제작기법을 비교해보았다. 백제의 관은 모두 금동제이다. 문양을 기준으로 용문, 봉황문 등을 갖춘 것과 이엽문, 삼엽문 등을 갖춘 것으로 대별된다. 신라고분에서도 고깔모양 관모와 조익형 관식이 결합된 모관이 여러 점 출토되었다. 관모의 경우 금, 은, 금동, 백화수피로 만든 것이 있고 관식의 경우 금, 은, 금동제가 있다. 고구려 관의 전형은 조우관이다. 집안 우산하 3105호묘 출토품, 전 집안 출토품에는 새 날개 모양 장식이 부착되어 있다. 가야의 관 가운데 가야적 색채가 가장 뚜렷한 것은 지산동 32호분 금동관, 지산동 30호분 2곽 금동관이다. 왜에서 출토되는 금속제 관은 다양한 편이다. 백제, 가야, 신라의 관과 유사한 사례가 모두 확인되었다. The areas where Baekje gilt bronze crown was excavated are Naju and Goheung in Jeonnam, Iksan in Jeonbuk, Cheonan, Kongju, and Seosan in Chungnam, and Hwasung in Gyeonggi Province. The eight Baekje gilt bronze crown. excavated to date have a certain commonality in appearance, design and production techniques. It is concentrated in the 5th century in terms of time, and it is also clearly distinguished from the data of East Asian countries at the same time. This paper attempted to compare outward appearances and manufacturing techniques of metal crowns between Baekje and neighboring countries, in order to review basic materials used for restoring the archetype of Baekje Gilt-Bronze Crows. The Baekje Pavilion is all gold bronze. Based on the pattern it is distinguished by the ones having a dragon and a phoenix pattern, and the other ones having two-leaf and three-leaf pattern. In Silla Tombs a number of pileolus with conical shape attached with bird feather type ornament were unearthed. The official hat is made of gold, silver, gilt-bronze, and the white birch, and in the case of the ornament, there are gold, silver, and gilt-bronze. The typical model of the crowns of Goguryeo is mostly bird feather type. The excavated article from Jian, China, No. 3105 and the whole from Jian, China has bird feather type ornament Among the Gaya’s crowns, the one having most distinctive color is the gilt-bronze crowns excavated from Jisan-dong, No. 32 and No. 30, Coffin 2. There are many kinds of metal crowns excavated in Whe. All cases similar to those of Baekje, Gaya, and Silla were confirmed.

은과 아연을 코팅한 실리카입자의 항균과 화장품 방부효과

이현상 ( Hyun Sang Lee ),천종우 ( Jong Woo Cheon ),변상요 ( Sang Yo Byun ),김순경 ( Soon Kyoung Kim ),김기영 ( Ki Young Kim ) 한국미용학회 2012 한국미용학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Silver and zinc ion coated silica (ACTOSIL) was synthesized for using a preservative of cosmetics and personal care product. Synthesized ACTOSIL has 0.12 μm of particle size (D50). To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ACTOSIL, MIC tests were performed against various microorganisms. The MIC values of ACTOSIL against various bacteria and fungi were from 12.5 to 100 ppm and from 100 to 500 ppm respectively. Challenge test were conducted to test the antimicrobial effect of ACTOSIL on various types of cosmetics. At the concentration of 200 ppm, ACTOSIL meets the recommendation of CTFA microbiological guideline. Furthermore, the result of MTT assay with ACTOSIL showed low cell cytotoxicity. ACTOSIL can be used as a safe preservative for cosmetics and personal care products.

교토의 전통적 목조주택 보급을 위한 실전

이현상(Lee, Hyunsang) 대한건축학회 2016 建築 Vol.60 No.8

백제 金銅冠과 주변국 冠의 비교

이현상(Lee, Hyun-Sang) 부산대학교 문화유산보존연구소 2018 한국전통복식연구소 학술심포지움 Vol.2018 No.1

섬유소재 분야 특허 기술 동향 분석: DETM & STM 텍스트마이닝 방법론 활용

이현상 ( Lee¸ Hyun Sang ),조보근 ( Jo¸ Bo Geun ),오세환 ( Oh¸ Se Hwan ),하성호 ( Ha¸ Sung Ho ) 한국정보시스템학회 2021 情報시스템硏究 Vol.30 No.3

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the trend of patent technology in textile materials using text mining methodology based on Dynamic Embedded Topic Model and Structural Topic Model. It is expected that this study will have positive impact on revitalizing and developing textile materials industry as finding out technology trends. Design/methodology/approach The data used in this study is 866 domestic patent text data in textile material from 1974 to 2020. In order to analyze technology trends from various aspect, Dynamic Embedded Topic Model and Structural Topic Model mechanism were used. The word embedding technique used in DETM is the GloVe technique. For Stable learning of topic modeling, amortized variational inference was performed based on the Recurrent Neural Network. Findings As a result of this analysis, it was found that ‘manufacture’ topics had the largest share among the six topics. Keyword trend analysis found the fact that natural and nanotechnology have recently been attracting attention. The metadata analysis results showed that manufacture technologies could have a high probability of patent registration in entire time series, but the analysis results in recent years showed that the trend of elasticity and safety technology is increasing.

조정가의 역할과 조정유형에 관한 탐색적 연구

이현상 ( Lee Hyun Sang ) 한국협상학회 2018 협상연구 Vol.21 No.2

This study was conducted through data collection and analysis based on grounded theory which aims at generating theories. The researcher interviewed 11 mediators of labor disputes mediating as members of the National Labor Relations Committee using a semi-structured questionnaire, recorded their responses and analyzed them. First, through open coding, a total of 117 concepts were identified. Using continued comparison and questioning, the concepts of the role of the mediator were categorized into the following seven: understanding the essence of the conflict, addressing emotions, evaluation of the other party’s willingness to reach an mediation, support of the parties for negotiation, negotiation with parties, establishing trust and process management. Using the grounded theory methodology of Strauss and Corbin, a paradigm model (causal conditions, phenomenon, contextual conditions, arbitrary conditions, action and interaction, and results) the relation between the sub-categories of the seven roles of the mediator were established to elaborate on how each role operates. Next, of the seven roles of the mediator, ‘establishing trust’ was selected as the core category as it is the most central and analytical and can encompass all other roles. A theoretical hypothesis was then established to explain the variation of the mediator’s role (mediation styles) according to the type of trust. In this study, to explain the role of the mediator in the process of establishing these four types and the role of an effective mediator after establishing trust, the four dimensional mediation styles (Facilitative-Narrow, Facilitative-Broad, Evaluative-Narrow, Evaluative-Broad) presented by Riskin was used as the trait of mediation style. Of the seven roles of the mediator, six roles excluding the assessment of the other party’s willingness to reach an mediation, was used to conclude 81 detailed roles. To each detailed role, an mediation style was assigned as a trait and was allocated a dimension according to the classification of Riskin. These data were converted into quantitative data using the frequency of statement by study participants and the percentage of responses, and used for analysis of the mediation style. The role of the mediator in the process of establishing the four types of trust was analyzed. Then, the most effective mediation type was logically inferred based on the four types of trust and Riskin’s classification criteria. The following theoretical hypotheses were identified based on the types of trust thus concluded. 1. The most effective mediation type once neutral trust is established is the facilitative narrow type. 2. The most effective mediation type once humane trust is established is the facilitative broad type. 3. The most effective mediation type once expert trust is established is the evaluative narrow type. 4. The most effective mediation type once identity trust is established is the evaluative broad type. 5. When neutral trust and aligned trust are established, facilitative narrow role is most predominant. 6. When neutral trust, identity trust and humane trust are established, the facilitative broad role is most predominant. 7. When neutral trust, identity trust and expert trust are established, the evaluative narrow role is most predominant. 8. When neutral trust, identity trust, humane trust and expert trust are simultaneously established, 8-1 When human trust is stronger, the facilitative broad role is more predominant. 8-2 When expert trust is stronger, the evaluative narrow role is more predominant. In this study, the scene of one study participant actually serving as mediator in a dispute was observed and analyzed. In this observation, the seven roles of an mediator were all found too. The establishment of trust type and the subsequent mediation style became important grounds upon which the above hypotheses were set. These also show that the study results are valid. The implications of this study are as follows: First, by converting qualitative data into quantitative data for analysis, the reality was more accurately delivered and validity was improved. Second, by going beyond concluding the role concept of an mediator but identifying how each role works, the basis for standard model development and competency development was laid. Third, a standard for selecting an mediation style or how to establish trust was presented. Fourth, the study went beyond conceptual description to establish a practical theory.

용담화 추출물의 미백 활성 연구

이현상 ( Hyun Sang Lee ),석지현 ( Ji Hyun Seok ),( Cheung Wai Ting ),김윤정 ( Yun Jeong Kim ) 대한화장품학회 2018 대한화장품학회지 Vol.44 No.1

본 연구에서는 항산화 및 미백 소재의 개발을 위해 다양한 추출법을 이용하여 용담화 추출물을 제조하고 항산화 효과 및 멜라닌 생합성 저해능을 평가하였다. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 소거활성을 평가한 결과 용담화 추출물의 항산화 활성은 모두 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. 또한 용담화 추출물은 tyrosinase 활성을 저해시켰으며, B16F10 세포에서 멜라닌 생성을 감소시키는 효과를 보였다. 멜라닌 생합성에 관여하는 유전자의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 및 2 mRNA 발현을 확인한 결과 용담화 추출물에 의해 TRP-1 및 2의 발현이 감소되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 용담화 추출물은 항산화 및 미백 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 응용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. In order to find new functional materials for the cosmetics application, we investigated the anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic properties of Gentiana scabra extracts (GSE), which were prepared by the various extraction methods. Results showed that GSE had high DPPH radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner. Also, GSE inhibited the prodution of melanin in B16F10 melanoma cell as well as tyrosinase activity. We also found that GSE inhibited mRNA expression of tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and 2. In conclusion we suggest that GSE is applicable to cosmetics as a potential ingredient for their anti-oxidant and whitening effects.