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대구 경북지역에서 진단된 노령자 폐암의 임상적 특징과 예후
김현숙 ( Hyun Sook Kim ),현대성 ( Dae Sung Hyun ),김경찬 ( Kyung Chan Kim ),이상채 ( Sang Chae Lee ),정태훈 ( Tae Hoon Jung ),박재용 ( Jae Yong Park ),김창호 ( Chang Ho Kim ),차승익 ( Seung Ick Cha ),이관호 ( Kwan Ho Lee ),정진홍 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.65 No.1
연구배경: 폐암은 우리나라 암 사망원인 질환의 가장 높은 비율을 차지하는 질환으로 특히 노령 인구에서 증가하는 추세이다. 그러나 노령의 폐암 환자는 동반된 질환, 노령에 따른 장기 기능의 저하 등의 이유로 적절한 치료를 받지못하는 경우가 많다. 이에 70세 이상의 노령 폐암 환자의 임상적 특징과 치료에 따른 생존기간 등을 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 2005년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 대구, 경북지역에 소재하고 있는 대학병원 및 종합병원(경북대학병원, 구미 순천향병원, 대구가톨릭대학병원, 대구파티마병원, 동산의료원, 영남대학병원)에서 세포학적 혹은 조직학적으로 원발성 폐암을 진단받은 706명의 환자들을 70세 이상 환자군과 70세 미만 환자군으로 나누어 후향적으로 연구하였다. 결과: 전체 환자 중 70세 이상의 환자는273명(38.7%)이었다. 70세 이상의 환자는 70세 미만보다 호흡곤란의 증상이 많았으며(p<0.001), 만성폐쇄성폐질환의 빈도가 높았고(p<0.001), 활동도가 좋은 경우가 적었다(p<0.001). 비소세포폐암 환자의 중앙생존기간은 70세 미만의 환자와 70세 이상의 환자에서 유의한 차이를 보였지만(962일 vs 298일, p=0.001), 한 가지라도 치료를 받았던 환자들을 대상으로 했을 때는 두 군간에 의미 있는 차이가 없었다(1,109일 vs 708일, p=0.14). 결론: 70세 이상의 비소세포폐암 환자에서 환자의 활동도 등을 고려하여 적극적인 치료를 시행하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다. Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in South Korea since the year 2000 and it is more common in elderly patients, with a peak incidence at around 70∼80 years of age. However, these elderly patients receive treatment less often than do the younger patients because of organ dysfunction related to their age and their comorbidities, and they show poor tolerance to chemotherapy. The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment-related survival of elderly patients with lung cancer. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical data of 706 lung cancer patients who were diagnosed at hospitals in Daegu and Gyeongsangbukdo from January 2005 to December 2005. We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of the patients who were aged 70 years and older (elderly patients) with those clinical characteristics and outcomes of the younger individuals. Results: The median age of the patients was 68 years (from 29 to 93) and the elderly patients were 38.7% (n=273) of all the study``s patients. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of lung cancer in both the elderly and younger patient groups. Elderly patients had more symptoms of dyspnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than the younger patients (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). A good performance status (ECOG 0-1) was less common for the elderly patients (p<0.001). The median survival of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was significantly higher in the younger patient group than in the elderly patient group (962 days vs 298 days, respectively, p=0.001). However, the median survival of the NSCLC patients who received any treatment showed no significant difference between the younger patient group and the elderly patient group (1,109 days vs 708 days, respectively, p=0.14). Conclusion: Our data showed that appropriate treatment for selected elderly patients improved the survival of patients with NSCLC. Therefore, elderly NSCLC patients with a good performance status should be encouraged to receive appropriate treatment.
햅틱 보조 설계 기법과 요추 각도의 예측을 이용한 사무용 의자 등판의 인간 중심적인 설계
이상덕(Sang-Duck Lee),이해아(Hae-A Lee),송재복(Jae-Bok Song),채수원(Soo-Won Chae) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
The time and cost of the product development can be reduced by replacing the physical prototype with a haptic device., This design methodology is called a haptic aided design (HAD). Although both the physical and the emotional factors are equally important, only the emotional factors were considered in the design procedure of the HAD. Consequently, the products sometimes suffers from the poor design from the ergonomic point of view even though the users are satisfied with it. To cope with this problem, a new humanoriented design methodology, complemented by the inspection of the physical factors during the design procedure, was proposed in this paper. A tilt mechanism of an office chair was designed using the HAD scheme with the haptic chair capable of adjusting the stiffness of the backrest, and then the design was simulated with MADYMO. It is shown that the proposed method can reflect both the physical and the emotional factors to modify the design in real-time.
트레드밀 운동이 Streptozotocin 유도 당뇨쥐의 골격근 MCTs 및 LDH 동위효소 발현에 미치는 영향
이상학(Sang-Hak Lee),채문희(Mun-Hui Chae),김종오(Jong-Oh Kim),윤진환(Jin-Hwan Yoon),장창현(Chang-Hyun Jang) 한국생활환경학회 2011 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.18 No.2
We examined the effect of a endurance low intensity exercise on the protein and isozyme expression of the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1, MCT4 and LDH in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat' soleus and gastrocnemius. Muscle samples were obtained at rest after 4 weeks treadmill exercise (5~8 m min<SUP>?1</SUP>, 0%grade). LDH isozyme activity were significantly increased in soleus and gastrocnemius in diabetic groups with training (p < .05). The expression of two MCTs was examined in skeletal muscle. MCT1 and MCT4 proteins are coexpressed in rat skeletal muscles. MCT1 proteins in soleus and MCT4 in gastrocnemius of diabetic groups with exercise were significantly increased than diabetic groups (p < .05). The present data suggested that MCT1 and MCT4 proteins are up-regulated by a endurance low intensity exercise training. Thus MCT1 and MCT4 belong to a class of selected metabolic factors that are up-regulated with an exercise stimulus.
증례보고 : 가열호흡회로 내 증류수로 인한 열/습도 교환기 폐쇄 일례
정채인 ( Chae In Jeong ),이상일 ( Sang Il Lee ),안여현 ( Yeo Hyun Ahn ),김지연 ( Ji Yeon Kim ),김경태 ( Kyung Tae Kim ),박장수 ( Jang Su Park ),김정원 ( Jung Won Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.3
Heat-moisture exchanger (HME) is an inexpensive and effective device used to prevent respiratory complications that can be caused by endotracheal tube insertion during general anesthesia. But, HME can increase airway resistance and be occluded by the patient`s secretions. Whether a HME could be occluded by clear fluids such as condensate in the airway circuit is not certain yet. In vitro, a case of HME occlusion by normal saline was reported. We report a case of HME obstruction by distilled water came from the heated wire circuit which was unintentionally connected to the HME. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:358∼60)
햅틱보조설계 기법과 요추각도의 예측을 이용한 의자등판의 인간중심적인 설계
이상덕(Sang-Duck Lee),이해아(Hae-A Lee),송재복(Jae-Bok Song),채수원(Soo-Won Chae) 대한기계학회 2010 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.34 No.11
인체와의 물리적인 접촉이 수반되는 제품의 설계 및 개발에서 필요한 시제품을 햅틱 시뮬레이터로 대체하는 설계 기법을 햅틱보조설계(Haptics-Adided Design, HAD)라 하는데, 이를 통하여 개발 비용 및 시간을 감소시킬 수 있다. 제품설계에 있어서 사용자의 감성적인 요소뿐만 아니라 제품이 사용자의 신체에 미치는 영향이 중요함에도 불구하고, 기존의 HAD 는 사용자의 감성적인 평가만을 설계에 반영하였다. 그 결과, 사용자가 편하게 느끼는 설계와 인체공학적인 측면에서 권장하는 설계 사이에 차이가 발생하였다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 기존의 HAD 과정에 제품의 사용 시에 사용자의 신체 변화를 관찰하는 단계를 추가하여 인간중심의 설계를 구현할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 설계방식을 검증하기 위하여, 등판의 강성을 조절할 수 있는 햅틱의자 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 사무용 의자 등판의 틸트구조 설계에 HAD 를 적용하였고, MADYMO 를 이용한 시뮬레이션을 통하여 인체공학적인 측면에서 제품이 올바르게 설계 되었는지 검증하였다. 이를 바탕으로 제안한 설계방법이 감성적인 요소와 신체적인 요소를 모두 실시간으로 설계에 반영할 수 있음을 확인하였다. Haptic-aided design (HAD) involves the use of a haptic simulator in place of physical prototypes in the design and development of products with which human beings interact physically. The development time and cost can be significantly reduced by adopting this HAD scheme. Although both physical and emotional factors are equally important, only the emotional factors were taken into consideration in the previous HAD process. Consequently, the design of the products was sometimes unsatisfactory from the viewpoint of ergonomics, even though users were emotionally satisfied with the products. To overcome this problem, in this study, we propose a new human-oriented design methodology that is enhanced by taking the physical factors into consideration. The HAD scheme was verified by using a haptic chair simulator to design a tilt mechanism of an office chair for which the stiffness of the backrest can be adjusted; then, the design was simulated using MADYMO. The results show that the proposed method can reflect both the physical and emotional factors to modify the design in real-time.
트레드밀운동이 Streptozotocin 유도 당뇨쥐의 심근 세포기질 LDH 동위효소 발현에 미치는 영향
이상학(Sang-Hak Lee),김종오(Jong-Oh Kim),지용석(Yong-Seok Ji),임은미(Eun-Mi Lim),윤진환(Jin-Hwan Yoon),김영표(Young-Pyo Kim),김동희(Dong-Hee Kim),채문희(Mun-Hui Chae) 한국생활환경학회 2007 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.14 No.4
The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of treadmill exercise on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes in the diabetic rats heart. For this study, twenty male F344 rats were assigned to control group (n = 10), control exercise group (n = 10), diabetes group (n = 10) and diabetic exercise group (n = 10). 10 rats were trained according to exercise program for 6 weeks and 10 rats were untrained for control group. The change of cytosolic LDH isozymes activity of cardiac tissue were measured after 6 weeks training in rats. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed after exercise training. Relative activity (%) of cardiac cytosolic LDH isozymes for control and exercise group on the gel electrophoresis showed the following order of prevalence : AB₃>A₂B₂>B₄>A₃B>A₄, for diabetic group and diabetic exercise group : AB₃>B₄>A₂B₂>A₃B>A₄. These results suggest that exercise training effect on not only normal cardiac tissue cytosolic LDH isozymes activity but also diabetic cardiac tissue LDH isozymes activity and LDH A₄, A₃B₂, A₂B₂, AB₃ and B₄ isozymes were found entirely in cytosol, but there was no LDH A₄ isozyme in the diabetes rats.