http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
염증성 거짓 종양으로 오인된 간 내 발생한 원시신경외배엽종양
이상구,김지은,이지혁,이혜진,이종승,이지현,최연호,Lee, Sang-Goo,Kim, Ji-Eun,Lee, Ji-Hyuk,Lee, Hye-Jin,Lee, Jong-Seung,Lee, Jee-Hyun,Choe, Yon-Ho 대한소아소화기영양학회 2008 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.11 No.2
저자들은 발열과 복부 통증을 주소로 내원한 13세 남자 환자에서 염증성 거짓 종양으로 오인된 간 내 원시신경 외배엽 종양 1예를 경험하였으며 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the liver is a rare disease with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. We report a case of a PNET of the liver in a 13-year-old boy. The patient was admitted to the hospital with fever and abdominal pain. Abdominal CT and MRI revealed a 5.5 cm sized, septated, non-enhancing mass in the hepatic hilum. The patient was initially diagnosed with an inflammatory pseudotumor. Despite 9 days of antibiotic therapy, the patient's clinical symptoms did not improve. A liver biopsy was performed in the interest of formulating a differential diagnosis. This procedure revealed tumor cells positive for CD99 on immunohistochemistry. The patient was diagnosed with a PNET.
Influences of Animal Mucins on Peroxidase Activity in Solution and on the Surface of Hydroxyapatite
이상구,전은형,고홍섭,Lee, Sang-Goo,Jeon, Eun-Hyoung,Kho, Hong-Seop Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2008 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.33 No.3
Animal mucins have structural characteristics similar to human salivary mucins. Animal mucins have been regarded as suitable substances for saliva substitutes. Since animal mucin molecules in saliva substitutes and host-derived antimicrobial salivary molecules exist simultaneously in whole saliva and the pellicles of patients with dry mouth, interactions may occur between these molecules. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of animal mucins on peroxidase activity in solution and on the surface of hydroxyapatite(HA) surfaces. The effects of animal mucins on peroxidase activity were examined by incubating porcine gastric mucin(PGM) or bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) with either bovine lactoperoxidase(bLPO) or saliva samples. For solid-phase assays, immobilized animal mucins or peroxidase on three different HA surfaces(HA beads, HA disc, and bovine tooth) were used. Peroxidase activity was determined with an NbsSCN assay. The obtained results were as follows: 1. PGM enhanced the enzymatic activity of bLPO in solution phase. PGM did not affect the enzymatic activity of peroxidase in saliva sample(POS). 2. BSM did not affect the enzymatic activities of both bLPO and POS in solution phase. 3. HA-adsorbed PGM increased subsequent bLPO adsorption in all three HA phases. The activity of POS was increased on both the HA beads and bovine tooth. 4. The peroxidase activities on the HA beads and disc were increased when the HA surfaces were exposed to a mixture of bLPO and PGM. 5. The binding affinity of bLPO to PGM was greater than that of bLPO to BSM. Collectively, our results suggest that animal mucins affects the enzymatic activity of peroxidase on the HA surfaces as well as in solution. Saliva substitutes containing animal mucins may affect the function of antimicrobial components in natural saliva and saliva substitutes.
소아 복막 투석 환자에서 발생한 복막염의 경험적 항생제 치료에 관한 연구
이상구,조중범,손영배,박성원,김수진,진동규,백경훈,Lee, Sang-Goo,Cho, Joong-Bum,Sohn, Young-Bae,Park, Sung-Won,Kim, Su-Jin,Jin, Dong-Kyu,Paik, Kyung-Hoon 대한소아신장학회 2008 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.12 No.2
목 적 : 최근 소아 복막염에서 methicillin에 대한 저항성을 갖는 균주가 증가하고 있어서 the International Pediatric Peritonitis Registry(IPPR) 가이드라인에 따른 초치료 경험적 약제의 선택의 효용성에 대해서 논란이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소아에서 발생한 복막염을 중심으로 ISPD 가이드라인을 따른 경험적 항균제 선택의 치료 효과적 유용성을 분석하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 7년간 삼성 서울 병원에서 복막 투석을 받은 경험이 있는 환자들을 대상으로 복막염을 일으킨 원인 균의 미생물학적 특성과 ISPD 가이드라인에 따라서 복막염을 치료 했을 때의 임상적 경과 등에 대해서 의무 기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과: 복막 투석을 받은 42명의 환자 중, 21명에서 48례의 복막염이 발생하였다. 복막염 발생율은 one episode over 35.3 patient-months였으며, 복막염 발생 전까지의 평균 투석 기간은 18.06$\pm$15.81개월이었다. 그람 양성균에 의한 복막염이 전체의 58.3%를 차지하였으며, 이중 S. aureus와 coagulase negative staphylococcus가 가장 많았다. 동정된 그람 양성균들 중 35.7%는 1세대 cephalosporin에 저항성을 보였으나 4세 이하의 환자에서는 50%가 저항성을 보였다. 그람 음성균 중에서는 E. coli가 가장 많았다. 동정된 모든 균들은 현재 사용중인 1세대 cephalosporin과 ceftazidime의 병합 요법에 64.8%가 감수성을 보였다. 결 론: 국내 소아 복막 투석 환자에서 발생한 복막염에서 경험적 항생제 초치료로 현재 사용중인 1세대 cephalosporin과 ceftazidime의 병합 요법은 여전히 효과적이다. 그러나 4세 미만의 환자에서는 경험적 항생제 초치료로 1세대 cephalosporin 대신 glycopeptide를 사용하는 것이 더 효과적일 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : This study aims to verify the effectiveness of initial empirical antibiotic choice recommended by the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis(ISPD) guide among Korean children. Methods : We have collected data on peritonitis from January 2001 to December 2007 in Samsung Medical Center. Results : Of the 42 patients, 48 episodes of peritonitis had occurred in 21 patients. The rate of peritonitis was one episode over 35.3 patient-months. Mean dialysis duration before peritonitis was 18.06$\pm$15.81 months. Gram-positive organisms accounted for 58.3% of all episodes. Of the gram-positive organisms, the most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus(29.2%), the next common pathogens were Coagulase negative staphylococcus(14.6%) and Streptococcus species(6.3%). 35.7% of gram-positive pathogens were resistant to 1st cephalosporin. However, in patients younger than 4 years old, 50% of gram-positive pathogens were resistant to 1st generation cephalosporin. 10 episodes of peritonitis were methicillin-resistant and were treated by vancomycin. Of the gram-negative organisms, E. coli was the most common (8.3%). 64.8% of all pathogens were sensitive to cephalothin or ceftazidime. Conclusion : The empirical therapy with 1st generation cephalosporin and ceftazidime can be also effective to peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis in Korean children. However, in patients younger than 4 years old, glycopeptide should be considered as the first empirical therapy in Korean children.
Influences of Peroxidase on Lysozyme Activity
이상구,김형일,고홍섭,Lee, Sang-Goo,Kim, Hyung-Il,Kho, Hong-Seop Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2008 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.33 No.1
It is well known that many antimicrobial proteins in saliva interact with each other. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interactions of lysozyme with peroxidase in the aspects of enzymatic activity in vitro. The interactions of lysozyme with peroxidase were examined by incubating hen egg-white lysozyme(HEWL) with bovine lactoperoxidase(bLP). The influence of peroxidase system on lysozyme was examined by subsequent addition of potassium thiocyanate and hydrogen peroxide. Lysozyme activity was determined by turbidity measurement of a Micrococcus lysodeikticus substrate suspension. Peroxidase activity was determined with an NbsSCN assay. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze the changes of enzymatic activities compared with their controls. bLP at physiological concentrations enhanced the enzymatic activity of HEWL(P < 0.05) and its effect was dependent on the concentration of peroxidase. However, HEWL did not affect the enzymatic activity of bLP. Thiocyanate did not affect the enzymatic activity of HEWL, either. The addition of potassium thiocyanate and hydrogen peroxide did not lead to additional enhancement of the enzymatic activity of HEWL. The changes of hydrogen peroxide concentration in the peroxidase system did not affect the enzymatic activity of HEWL. Collectively, despite an in vitro nature of our study, the results of the present study provide valuable information on the interactions of lysozyme and peroxidase in the aspects of enzymatic activity in oral health care products and possibly in the oral cavity.
이상구(Sang Goo Lee),박용구(Young Goo Park) 한국산림과학회 1989 한국산림과학회지 Vol.78 No.4
The stem segments of Ailanthus altissima were cultured on the Murashige & Skoog`s medium(1962) supplemented with 0.1 ㎎/ℓ BAP and 1.0 ㎎/ℓ 2, 4-D for callus induction and proliferation, Shoot primordia were observed as greenish regions on the surface of yellow-brown calli about 8 weeks after culture. Shoot primordia were selected and transferred to the MS media containing various combination of BAP and 2, 4-D. Among these combinations the shoot primordia cell clusters on the medium added to 0.5㎎/ℓ BAP and 0.01㎎/ℓ 2, 4- D exhibited the highest number of shoot formation. These shoots were successfully transferred on the solid MS medium with no growth regulators for the rootings.
지능형 멀티미디어 교육 시스템의 교수 모델과 학습자 모델
이상구(Sang-goo Lee),정재헌(Jae-heon Cheong) 한국정보과학회 1995 정보과학회논문지 Vol.22 No.7
사용자와의 다양한 상호 작용과 다양한 매체를 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 응용 프로그램은 특히 교육/훈련을 위한 시스템에 많이 적용되고 있는데 이러한 시스템에서의 가장 큰 문제점은 다양한 사용자(학습자) 수준에 따른 차별적인 교육/훈련이 이루어지지 못한다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 학습자의 수준에 따른 교육 능력을 갖춘 새로운 교수 모델을 제안한다. 이 모델은 학습 시나리오를 비순환 방향 그래프로 표현하므로 써 교육과정의 계층적이며 순차적인 특성을 그대로 모델할 수 있다. 또한 이 교수 모델에 근거하여 각 학습자의 수준을 동적으로 평가 조절할 수 있는 학습자 모델도 제안하며 학습자와의 상호작용에 의해 학습자의 이해도를 전체 모델에 반영하는 방법이 제안된다. Multimedia systems have been widely accepted as the vehicle for computer aided instruction systems. However, most applications lack the ability to vary its instruction scenarios according to each user′s comprehension level. We propose in this paper a new instruction model capable of supporting such variations. The model represents the instruction scenario as a directed acyclic graph (DAG) which allows the modeling of hierarchical and sequential semantics of the scenario. We also propose a student model, which is based on our instruction model, where dynamic evaluation of student′s performance is possible.
이상구 ( Sang goo Lee ),이준혁 ( Joon Hyoek Lee ),백승운 ( Seung Woon Paik ),고광철 ( Kwang Cheul Koh ),최문석 ( Moon seok Choi ),이풍렬 ( Poong Lyul Rhee ),김재준 ( Jae Jun Kim ),이종철 ( Jong Chul Rhee ),최규완 ( Kyoo Wan Cho 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.56 No.6
Objective : This study was aimed to characterize the clinical features and course of acute hepatitis A in Korean adults. Methods : One-hundred and thirteen cases of acute hepatitis A, diagnosed between Jan. 1995 to July 1998 at 6 medical centers in Korea, were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical course of 94 cases with follow-up duration longer than 3 months were analyzed. Results : The median age was 26 (16-65) years and 97.3% of the patients were under 40 years. The presumed sources of infection were identifed in 62 cases (54.9%). Among those, the leading source was ingestion of raw food. All patients showed normalization of bilirubin level within 8 weeks. The ALT levels normalized within 8 weeks in all patients except three patients (3.2%). Three patients with prolonged elevation of ALT showed second rise of ALT, suggesting a possibility of relapsing hepatitis. Prolonged fever (>38℃) more than 10 days was observed in 3 patients (3.2%). One case showed prolonged elevation of alkaline phosphatase (> x3 upper normal limit). No case of fulminant hepatic failure or death was observed. Conclusion : The majority of cases with acute hepatitis A in Korean adults showed self-limited course with full recovery.