http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
탐색적 요인분석을 통한 항공안전관리시스템의 다기준 ALARP 의사결정기법 검증
송기한,이대겸 한국교통연구원 2014 交通硏究 Vol.21 No.4
The study introduces vitalizing SMS (Safety Management System) for the alternative of aviation safety improvement by ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization). The final stage of SMS has been suggested ALARP (As Low As Reasonable Practical) for the decision method to sustain moderate safety level based on traditional cost-benefit analysis. However, cost-benefit analysis is limited to apply for low-cost airlines or small sized aviation service business, the reason is that it needs resources investment for evidential material structure and also understanding analysis. Therefore, the study team suggested Multi-criterial ALARP Decision Method Analysis for the alternative. This analysis is possible to make cost efficiency decision related to safety based on rule of decision method. This study is analyzing exploratory factor regarding selected beneficial factor basis on SIRA (Safety Issue Risk Assessment) model to verify Multi-criteria ALARP Decision Method, through that it is suggested validity of Multi-criterial Decision Method Analysis as verified suitability of individual beneficial factor and set-up assessment grade. In this procedure, the major alternative policy of SMS is selected for factor analysis and suggested result of evaluation intended for government institution, industrial, education and research institution hands-on workers in total of 245 people. 항공안전증진을 위한 대안으로서 국제민간항공기구(International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO)를 중심으로 항공안전관리시스템(Safety Management System, SMS)을 도입하고 활성화하려는 노력이 이어지고 있다. 항공안전관리시스템에서 마지막 단계는 적정한 안전 수준을 유지하기 위한 의사결정원칙으로 전통적인 비용-편익분석에 근거한 ALARP(As Low As Reasonable Practical) 원칙을 권장하고 있다. 하지만 비용-편익분석을 적용하기 위해서는 기법을 이해하고 근거 자료를 구축하기 위한 자원의 투입이 필요하기 때문에, 저비용항공사 등 규모가 작은 항공서비스 제공자는 이를 적용하기에 한계가 있는 것이 사실이다. 이에 따라 송기한․이대겸(2013)에서는 안전과 관련된 의사결정의 원칙에 근거하면서도 비용 효율적으로 의사결정을 수행할 수 있는 대안적인 기법으로서 다기준 ALARP 의사결정 기법을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 다기준 ALARP 의사결정기법을 검증하기 위해 송기한 ․ 이대겸(2013)에서 SIRA(Safety Issue Risk Assessment) 모형을 기초로 선정된 편익항목에 대해 탐색적 요인분석을 수행한다. 이를 통하여 설정된 평가위계와 개별 편익항목 구조 적합성을 검증함으로써 다기준 ALARP 의사결정 기법의 타당성을 제시하였다. 이 과정에서 요인분석 수행을 위한 항공안전관리시스템의 주요 정책적 대안(방어기제)을 선정하였으며, 정부 관계기관, 산업계, 학계 및 연구기관 실무담당자 및 관련 종사자 245명을 대상으로 설문을 진행하고 분석한 결과를 제시하였다.
이대로,김영한,박근원,호명진,정혁준,조하라,박준서,최용석,염동우,최영욱,강명주 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.7
The aim of the study was to formulate the solid dosage form of the supersaturable self-emulsifying drug delivery system (S-SEDDS) for tacrolimus, a poorly watersoluble immunosuppressant, to enhance the dissolution rate and oral absorption. A solid formulation was prepared by adsorbing the liquid S-SEDDS onto porous carriers including FujicalinⓇ (dibasic calcium phosphate). Macroscopic observation using scanning electron microscopy and drug crystallinity determination using X-ray powder diffraction revealed that the calcineurin inhibitor was effectively held within the intact porous carriers in a solubilized form. In an in vitro dissolution test in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2), there were no remarkable differences in the release rate and extent of dissolution between liquid and Fujicalin-based solid S-SEDDS, achieving over 90 % drug release after 15 min. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic parameters for tacrolimus in the liquid and FujicalinⓇ- based solid S-SEDDS after oral administration at a dose of 5 mg/kg were statistically equivalent in rats (p>0.05). This study suggests that solidification of liquid S-SEDDS using FujicalinⓇ, a soluble adsorbent in acidic medium, can be a promising approach to obtain the free-flowing powder form of liquid S-SEDDS while preserving the high and fast dissolution rate of the liquid self-emulsifying system.
엘리트 싱크로나이즈드 스위밍 선수의 신체적 특성과 경기 중 심박수 반응
이대택(Dae-Taek Lee) 한국생활환경학회 2004 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.11 No.1
To explore the physical characteristics, physical fitness levels, and heart rate (HR) responses during competition in synchronized swimmers (SS), 13 SS of the national team was recruited. Their physical characteristics including height, weight, body length, circumferences and body fat content, and fitness variables such as muscular strength, muscular endurance, power, agility, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured. In addition, their HR responses were recorded while they participated in a actual solo competition. HR responses were divided into 4 stages; on land (S-Ⅰ), during competition in water (S-Ⅱ), after competition in water (S-Ⅲ), after competition on land (S-Ⅳ). Compared to previously reported other international caliber of SS groups, the present subjects were comparable, but they seemed to have slightly high body fat content compared to other sports events executed on land. The physical fitness levels were comparable to other groups. SS showed a low level in leg isometric and isokinetic strength but showed a high level in sit-up and flexibility compared to athletes of other events executed on land. Mean HR was 142±15 (range; 121-168), 165±10 (101-189), 171±8 (150-185), and 169±12 (140-178) bpm in S-Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. During S-Ⅱ, HR maintained above 150 bpm about 80% of time of the competition. Based on the results, the present subjects were comparable to international caliber athletes. The abdominal muscular endurance and flexibility appeared to be determinants of a high level SS. The SS showed a wide range of HR responses during competitions indicating continuous cardiac adjustments for a homeostasis in the water environment.
공항 주변 잠재적 장애물에 대한 항공학적 검토 제도 개선 연구
이대겸,윤석재,박보미,김제철,김준혁 한국항공운항학회 2021 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) are set to protect a certain amount of airspace to limit objects, such as building, other structures, penetrating OLS for safety and regularity of aircraft operations in the vicinity of aerodromes. However, many civil petitions have been raising for effective utilization of lands and permission of building construction which penetrating OLS. While Republic of Korea are limiting installation of penetrating objects based on the National law of airport facilities, such objects are possibly permitted, only if, the possible risks coming from objects are acceptable or negligible in terms of safety and regularity in aircraft operations through the evaluation process, called as an aeronautical study. However, many countries are currently applying their own criteria, processes resulting in failing secure reliable results in aeronautical study. This research aims to establish the framework on criteria, process, and methodologies how the aeronautical study works including work flows between many stakeholder and responsibilities to be specified in national regulation system.