세로토닌과 정신의학

양병환,Yang, Byung-Hwan 대한생물정신의학회 1997 생물정신의학 Vol.4 No.2

Serotonin has been implicated in the etiology of many disease states and may be particularly important mental illness, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, sleep disorders, suicide, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, migraine and others. Many currently used treatments of these disorders are thought to act by modulating serotonergic function. The identification of many serotonin subtypes, most of which have been shown to have functional activity and differential distribution, has stimulated considerable effort into synthesizing selective ligands(drugs) to help understand their significance. This should understand the role of serotonin in mental disorders and these new drugs can be studied alone and in combination with other treatments in order to clarify the parameters of drug use for the clinical effect.

정신과 신체의 분화와 통합

양병환,황혜순,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Hwang, Hey-Soon 한국정신신체의학회 2000 정신신체의학 Vol.8 No.1

1960, 1970년대 이후 정신과 신체를 적절히 조화시키려는 경향이 나타났고, 최근에는 신경생물학과 유전학의 발달로 인해 더 이상 정신과 신체를 구분해서 생각할 수 없게 되었다. 이에 저자들은 정신-선체의 개념 및 그 관계에 대한 역사를 살펴보고, 최근에 논란되고 있는 정신-신체 모형 세 가지 즉, 생물정신사회적모델, 정신-신체동일이론, 기질적단위이론에 대한 비교 및 분자유전학과 환경과의 관계, 스트레스-체질모델을 고찰하였다. With Cartesian dichotomy, a person's behavior and illness distinguished sharply between "biologically based" phenomena and "psychologically based" phenomena in western country. But a more balanced view that considers both concepts swept into psychiatry in the 1960s and 1970s. And ironically, the revolution of neurosicience and genetics have now reached a level of sophistication that allow it to serve as a bridge between biology and psychosocial environment. So, even subtle changes in the environment can produce biological changes in the brain. We review the history of definitions and relationship of mind and body. And we provide a selective survey of the recent 3 conceptual models of mind-body relationships in general-biopsychosocial model, mental-physical identity theory, organic unity theory-, the relationships of genetic and environment, and stress-diathesis model.

전기경련충격시 경쟁적 역전사 중합효소연쇄반응(CRT-PCR)을 이용한 흰쥐 뇌 c-fos 유전자의 발현 양식 분석

양병환,이제욱,박응철,유재학,조광원,양보기,채영규,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Lee, Jei-Wook,Park, Eung-Chul,Yu, Jae-Hak,Cho, Goang-Won,Yang, Bo-Gee,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 1996 생물정신의학 Vol.3 No.2

To clarify the mechanism of action of electroconvulsive shack(ECS) in respect to molecular biology, and to detect the quantitative amount of change of c-fos gene expression after ECS in the rat's brain, the authors obtained brain specimens from the striatum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Each brain was removed within 30min. after ECS(130V, 0.5sec) and ECS-sham. Then we performed RT-PCR. The results are 1) ECS was found to affect the expression of immediate early genes. 2) the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was more influenced by ECS thon in the cerebellum and striatum. From these results, we can suggest that ECS is related to the mechanism of cognition, mood, memory which is correlated to cerebral cortex and hippocampus.

기억 및 기억연구 : 개념, 역사, 그리고 과제

양병환,백기청,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Paik, Ki-Chung 한국정신신체의학회 2001 정신신체의학 Vol.9 No.1

오늘날 '기억(memory) '이라는 용어는 일반적인 의미 이외에도, 컴퓨터공학의 메모리, 유전자생물학에서 쓰이는 메모리 등의 예에서 보듯 여러 분야에서 광범위한 의미로도 쓰이고 있다. 영어의 'memory' 라는 용어는 어원적으로는 앵글로-색슨어 'gemund' 에서 유래된 말로 gemund은 원래 mind(마음)의 의미라고 한다. 어떻든 전형적인 의미에서 기억이란 과거에 경험한 일들을 회상하고, 이러한 일들에서 학습된 여러 사실과 관념을 마음속으로 다시 가져와 상기시킬 수 있는 능력을 뜻하는데, 다시 말해 기억이란 현재의 도움으로 과거를 일깨워 주는 것이라고 정의될 수 있겠다. 최근에 이루어진 신경생물학적 연구의 발전은 이런 기억이나 학습이 뇌의 어떤 활동 또는 기능과 관련이 있는가를 어느 정도 밝힐 수 있는 단계로까지 이를 수 있게 해주었는데, 그 결과 기억은 단순히 기계적인 기억을 하는 기능만이 아닌 여러 뇌기능에 작용하는 다양한 인지기능의 핵심적인 요소라는 사실이 밝혀졌다. 오늘날 기억은 진화론적 입장에서 인간존재 자체나, 지(智) 정(情) 의(意)로 대별되는 인간정신세계의 가장 핵심적인 요소로서 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기억 및 기억연구의 개념, 역사, 그리고 신경생물학적 기억연구를 비롯한 최근의 연구경향을 총괄적으로 살펴보고, 향후 이루어져야 할 기억연구의 과제나 방향을 제시하고자 한다. The term 'memory' has acquired so many meanings today that it is not even confined to the mental domain any longer, although it is etymologically derived from the Anglo-Saxon word 'gemund', meaning mind. In its most typical sense, memory can be defined as 'the reawakening of the past in the service of present'. But in many papers, the term memory has been used in a various different meaning, which made the interpretation of the research result very complicated. Recently there has been tremendous development in the neurobiological researches with regard to the memory. This paper reviewed the concept, history, and current tendencies of the memory and memory researches comprehensively for the purpose of showing future direction of the memory researches.

정신의학에서의 cDNA Microarray

양병환,김자윤,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Kim, Ja-Yoon 대한생물정신의학회 2000 생물정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

The development of inexpensive high throughput methods to identify individual DNA sequences is important to the future growth of medical genetics. This has become increasingly apparent as psychiatric geneticists focus more attention on the molecular basis of complex multifactorial diseases at which most of psychiatric disease is estimated. Furthermore, candidate gene approaches used in identifying disease associated genes necessitate screening large sequence blocks for changes tracking with the disease state. Even after such genes are isolated, large scale mutational analysis will often be needed for risk assessment studies to define the likely medical consequences of carrying a mutated gene. This review provide basic knowledge of up-to-date technology, cDNA microarray which enables above mentioned various research themes.

향정신성약물의 치료적 약물농도 검사

양병환,Yang, Byung-Hwan 대한생물정신의학회 1998 생물정신의학 Vol.5 No.1

Clinicians can use therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM) to optimise dosage decisions with psychotropic drugs, in order to maximize efficacy and prevent toxicity, especially when individuals are nonresponsive to treatment or vulnerable to adverse reactions with standard doses because age, disease states or drug interactions. Currently, therapeutic drug concentrations have been established for the TCA and lithium. There is also evidence for the usefulness of TDM with carbamazepine, valproic acid and some antipsychotic drugs. However for most psychotropic drugs this approach remains experimental. TDM-assisted psychiatric treatment is potentially useful and cost effective, particularly when applied by psychiatrists who are knowledgeable of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

알코올의존 환자의 도파민 수송체(DAT1)G2319A의 유전자 다형성 연합연구

양병환,이미경,최주연,김길숙,오동열,김형태,채영규,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Lee, Mi-Gyung,Choi, Ju-Yoen,Oh, Dong-Yul,Kim, Gil-Sook,Kim, Hyung-Tae,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 2001 생물정신의학 Vol.8 No.2

Objective : Dopamine transporter is member of family of Na/Cl dependent neurotransmitter transporter, 12 transmembrane domain, that has high substrate specificity, affinity. It is related with dopamine reuptake in presynaptic vesicle. DAT has a VNTR in its 3'-untranslated region(UTR). 3'-UTR VNTR polymorphism is related with modification of dopamine transmission. The association between with VNTR polymorphism and neuropsychiatric disorders such as alcohol dependence, and low activity ALDH has been studied, but their relationship is unclear. We study about association of 3'-UTR VNTR of DAT gene and G2319A and alcohol dependence. Method : Group of Korean subjects were studied with alcohol dependence(n=49 male) compared to mentally healthy controls(n=53 male). The peripheral blood sample was acquired, and Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) amplification, MspI procedure was done. Result : There was a significant difference between alcohol dependence group and normal control(genotype frequency p<0.05, allele frequency p<0.05) Allele A frequency and genotype(GG, GA) frequency was a significant difference between alcohol dependence group and normal control(p<0.05). Conclusion : Our study showed that genetic polymorphism of DAT1 G2319A had relation with alcohol dependence.

Karl Jaspers와 정신병리학

양병환 ( Hwan Yang Byung ),허윤석 ( Yoon Seok Huh ) 한국정신병리진단분류학회 2002 精神病理學 Vol.11 No.1

망상개념의 역사적 개관

양병환 ( Byung Hwan Yang ),김양석 ( Yang Suk Kim ) 한국정신병리진단분류학회 2008 精神病理學 Vol.17 No.1

Delusion existed from the prehistoric age and the concept of delusion has changed according to times and culture. Delusion is relatively easy to diagnose but difficult to understand. We reviewed the concept of delusion from prehistoric age to 20th century including Greek period, Roman period, the middle ages, and the modern period. In Greek and Roman period, Hippocrates made his case that mental disorder was disease of brain against those days belief that it was the Heaven`s justice and Asklepiades drew a line between delusion and hallucination from one concept of phantasia. Go through the Dark ages, even though age of reason, we still lived under the philosophy of religion, but there was the opinion that mental disorder was disease of brain and to be insane was to have delusion and vice versa. The concept of delusion of the 18th century based on speculative neurobiology progressed to the 19th century model; to be insane was to have delusions which was called the intellectualist view of insanity and delusions resulted from failures in the apparatus that served to acquire experiences. The view that delusions are ``wrong beliefs``, was first formulated during the 19th century. By the end of the 19th century, the concept of as a morbid belief had become well established. In the 20th century, there were Karl Jaspers, Kurt Schneider of Heidelberg school. We hope that this review help understand the concept of delusion more easily.

정신분열병과 Catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT) 유전자 다형성의 연합

송은숙,양병환,박강규,이유상,안은숙,오동열,김종원,최인근,김길숙,채영규,Song, En-Sook,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Park, Kang-Kyu,Lee, Yu-Sang,An, Eun-Soog,Oh, Dong-Yul,Kim, Jong-Won,Choi, Ihn-Geun,Kim, Gil-Sook,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 1998 생물정신의학 Vol.5 No.2

An association study with Korean schizophrenic patients(N=84) and normal controls(N=87) was performed to find the relationship between catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT) gene polymorphism and schizophrenia using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. When we compared the allele and genotype frequencies of Bgl I COMT gene polymorphism in schizophrenics and normal controls, there was no significant difference between two groups. Our results do not support an association between the Bgl I polymorphism of COMT gene and schizophrenia.