http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
안영환 ( Young Hwan Ahn ),백남기 ( Nam Gi Baek ),김도균 ( Do Gyun Kim ),이창헌 ( Chang Heon Lee ),이상현 ( Sang Hyun Lee ),강학모 ( Hag Mo Kang ),김현 ( Hyun Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.43 No.1
This study was conducted to get information considering status of plant species and structure, species diversity, and vital degree of dominant tree through the research carried out around nature tree belts of Saemangeum region and near islands. These regions had a dominant tree with Pinus thunbergii for the overstory in common. Furthermore, it was analyzed that P. thunbergii growing in Gyehwa-do and Sinsi-do showed the best growth vitality. On the other hand, it was thought that the most suitable distance between each P. thunbergii was about 2.9 m (about 1,200 trees/ha) for making the tree belts using P, thunbergii. Of the midstory, Zanthoxylum schinifolium had the highest frequency, moreover, the highest frequency by regions was Prunus sargentii, The species diversity of the midstory by regions was the highest with 1.0 in Wi-do, Within the understory, the highest frequency were Quercus xmccormickii for the trees, Pueraria lobata for the shrubs, and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens for the herbs, whereas, the plant species having the highest frequency by regions were Carex humilis var. nana and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis. The species diversity for the understory was the highest in Bieung-do, Sinsi-do, and Wi-do with 1.1, equally.
안영환 ( Young Hwan Ahn ) 한국환경정책평가연구원 2007 환경정책연구 Vol.6 No.4
기업의 사회적 책임(corporate social responsibility: CSR)에 대한 기업 관점의 접근방법에 대해서는 국내외에서 많은 연구와 관심이 있었지만 정부의 CSR 정책에 대해서는 상대적으로 많은 연구가 이루어지지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 CSR의 개념 및 필요성에 대한 검토를 바탕으로 CSR 정부정책이 필요한 근거를 고찰하였다. 또한, 해외 사례와 기존 연구 검토를 통해 CSR의 정부정책에 대해 새로운 개념적 모형을 제시한다. 제시된 모형에서 정부정책의 역할은 CSR 비전 설정, CSR 촉진, CSR 공조 등 세 가지이다. 결론에서는 요약과 함께 환경 및 에너지 정책 분야에서 CSR을 활용하기 위해 필요한 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다. Compared to corporate social responsibility(CSR) as business practices, government CSR policy have not been given much attention by researchers. This paper suggests drivers of government CSR policies and a conceptual model through examining concepts and social needs of CSR. The conceptual model encompasses three government roles: CSR vision setting, promoting and partnering. CSR can be useful to facilitate international transfer of clean technology, globalization of resource development companies, support for energy consumption of low-income classes. This paper concludes with summary and directions for future research focusing on areas of environmental and energy policies.
홀뮴 및 홀뮴-키토산 복합체가 정상 백서 뇌에 미치는 효과에 대한 연구
손경화,조철우,안영환,박찬희,심철,박경배,조경기,Sun, Jing He,Joh, Chul W,Ahn, Young Hwan,Park, Chan Hee,Shim, Chull,Park, Kyung Bae,Cho, Kyung Gi 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.10
Objectives : We performed an in vivo experiment to investigate the effect of $^{166}Holmium$ and $^{166}Holmium$-chitosan complex($^{166}Ho$-CHICO) on the normal brain of rats and to determine the sublethal dose of $^{166}Ho$-CHICO. Materials and Methods : $^{166}Ho$ is a beta and gamma ray emitter. $^{166}Ho$-CHICO is a novel radio-pharmaceutical complex with chitosan to facilitate the transport of $^{166}Ho$ obtained from Korea Atomic Energy Research Center(Taejon, Korea). It is in acidic form and becomes gel state at alkaline pH. One hundred and seventy consecutive rats were divided into four groups : $^{166}Ho$ treated(n=50), $^{166}Ho$-CHICO treated(n=57), saline treated(n=5) and chitosan treated(n=5) groups. $^{166}Ho$ and $^{166}Ho$-CHICO were injected into the rat brain stereotactically with various doses of 0.1mCi/$20{\mu}l$, 0.2mCi/$20{\mu}l$, 0.3mCi/$20{\mu}l$, and 0.4mCi/$20{\mu}l$ using an automated microinjector. Nuclear imaging, histopathological and hematological studies were performed in 10 rats in each group at 1 day, 3days, 7 days, 1 month and 3 months after the injections. Results : An infiltration of inflammatory cells and necrotic changes were noted in $^{166}Ho$ treated group at 1 week after the injection. A wedge-shaped tissue defect due to necrosis, lined with infiltrated glial cells in $^{166}Ho$ treated group and a cystic defect lined with reactive astroglial cells in $^{166}Holmium$-CHICO treated group at 3 months after the injection were observed. $^{166}Ho$ alone without chitosan leaked out and caused necrotic lesion on the cerebral surface but $^{166}Holmium$-CHICO treated group did not show this feature. As the dose of $^{166}Ho$ increased, the mortality rates were also increased. The mortality rate of the $^{166}Holmium$-CHICO group was higher than the $^{166}Ho$ treated group at a dose of 0.4mCi/$20{\mu}l$/300g. There was no detectable radioactivity due to the leakage or extravasation from the injected site of the brain on the scintigraphy performed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 48 hours after the injection. There was also no detectable activity of $^{166}Holmium$-CHICO in other organs including spleen, liver and kidney. Conclusions : $^{166}Ho$-CHICO did not leak out to the critical cortical surface of the brain from the injection site and induced radiation changes of the parenchyma around the injection site without cortical damage. The sublethal dose of $^{166}Ho$-CHICO for the normal brain in rats was determined to be 0.2mCi/$20{\mu}l$/300g.
심숙영 ( Sook Young Sim ),조경기 ( Kyung Gi Cho ),임연희 ( Yeon Hee Lim ),김세혁 ( Se Hyuk Kim ),신용삼 ( Yong Sam Shin ),안영환 ( Young Hwan Ahn ),윤수한 ( Soo Han Yoon ),조기홍 ( Ki Hong Cho ) 대한뇌종양학회 2004 대한뇌종양학회지 Vol.3 No.2
Objective:We analyzed the headache characteristics in patients with a brain tumor and its correlation with the grade of the tumor. Methods:Brain tumor patients with and without headaches were recruited. Sex, age, combined symptoms, neurological findings, and radiological characteristics were reviewed in both groups. Results:Sixty-nine patients(46 with and 23 without headache) comprised our study population. Intracranial pressure (ICP) symptoms were more prevalent in the headache group compared to the non-headache group(p=0.012). However, no other clinical differences were noted between the two groups. The prevalence of headache was increased in patients with metastatic brain tumor than primary brain tumor but there was no statistical significance. The characteristics of the headache were non-specific and could not be differentiated between malignant and benign brain tumors. Conclusion:Headache in brain tumor patients present in a non-specific characteristic. In patients with symptoms suggestive of an increased ICP or malignancy from another organ, further imaging may be warranted.
퇴행성 척추 질환에서 Metalloproteinase-1, 2의 역할
김기용,조기홍,김진영,박승우,안영환,안영민,윤수한,조경기,심철,Kim, Ki Yong,Cho, Ki Hong,Kim, Jin Young,Park, Seung Woo,Ahn, Young Hwan,Ahn, Young Min,Yoon, Soo Han,Cho, Kyung Gi,Shim, Chul 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.2
Objective : A number of evidence have suggested a pivotal role of matrix metalloproteinases(MMP) on the degeneration of intervertebral disc. Proteins of intervertebral disc mainly consist of collagen and proteoglycan. These proteins can be destructed by MMP, resulting in changes of main collagen type and degeneration of matrix proteins. The present study was to determine the different effects of MMP-1 and MMP-2 on the degenerative spinal diseases, resulting from aging process. Clinical Materials & Methods : Thirty-one patients were randomly selected among 350 patients whose discs were resected during operation from March 1997 to February 1999. Patients were divided into two groups: group I with spinal stenosis and group II with herniated intervertebral disc. Group II was subdivided into the ruptured(Group Iia) and unruptured(Group Iib). Increases in MMP-1 immunopositive cells were observed in both groups, as evidenced by immunocytochemical staining. However, in marked contrast, the number of MMP-2 immunopositive cells were only seen in group II. There was no significant difference between Group IIa and Group IIb. The MMP-2 immunopositive cells were increased in the anulus fibrosus of ruptured(Group Iia) more than unruptured(Group Iib), but statistically it was not significant. In addition, the immunopositivity of MMP-1 and MMP-2 was proportional to patients's age. Conclusion : These results strongly suggests the possible involvement of MMP-2, but not MMP-1 in progressive herniated intervertevral disc.
E1B-19k의 세포내 위치와 Bax와의 Dimerization에 관한 연구
윤수한,김진영,박승우,안영환,안영민,조기홍,조경기,Yoon, Soo Han,Kim, Jin Young,Park, Seung Woo,Ahn, Young Hwan,Ahn, Young Min,Cho, Ki Hong,Cho, Kyung Gi 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.6
Purpose : The subcellular localization of E1B-19k has been known cytosol or nuclear membrane by immunohistochemical staining and could dimerize with Bax to regulate cell death also known by the in-vitro immunoprecipitation. We planed to confirm this dimerization of E1B-19k with Bax in vivo in Cos-7 cells by using green fluorescent protein. Material and Method : We cloned E1B-19k and Bax into C3-EGFP. C3-EGFP-E1B-19k, C3-EGFP-Bax, and C3-EGFP-E1B-19k and pcDNA3-Bax were transfected into Cos-7 cells. We explored location of E1B-19k and Bax, and confirmed its dimerization with Bax in transfected living healthy Cos-7 cells by following green fluorescent protein of E1B-19k on the confocal microscope. Results : E1B-19k was located diffusely in cytoplasm and in nucleus but not in mitochondria. It prevented cell death from the apoptosis by staurosporine but its location was not changed. GFP-E1B-19k is not changed its intracellular location with Bax even with staurosporine. Conclusion : These results support that E1B-19k does not localize in mitochondria nor dimerize with Bax even with staurosporine. We could anticipate E1B-19k prevent cell death via the other dimerizing partner or pathways.
GFP를 이용하여 in-vivo에서 추적한 Bad와 Bcl-XL의 Mitochondria 이동
윤수한,김진영,박승우,안영환,안영민,조기홍,조경기,Yoon, Soo Han,Kim, Jin Young,Park, Seung Woo,Ahn, Young Hwan,Ahn, Young Min,Cho, Ki Hong,Cho, Kyung Gi 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.10
Objectives : The subcellular locations of Bad, Bid, Bax and Bcl-XL change during apoptosis and this change is important for the regulation of cell death. The purpose this study was to elucidate binding of Bad with Bcl-XL in vivo Methods : We mads Bad with Green Fluorescent Protein(GFP) using PCR method. We transfected and overexpressed GFP-Bad with or without Bcl-XL cotransfection in living COS-7 cell. Results : Bad and Bcl- XL bind one another in healthy living cells and this association controled mitochondrial docking. In the absence of Bad-XL, Bad was mainly cytosolic and partially bound to mitochondria. Upon coexpression of Bad and Bcl-XL, most of Bad translocated to mitochondria. These should suggest that Bad binds to the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic forms of Bcl-XL and Bad bound to cytoplasmic Bcl-XL translocates to mitochondria. These in vivo findings confirm that Bad make a complexes with Bcl- XL and cause mitochondrial translocation of Bad-Bcl-XL complex.